What kind of vegetable is endive? What are the precautions when planting?

Endive is a very good vegetable, and the nutritional value of this vegetable is very high, the benefits to the body are also very many, when planting should choose some sandy soil after planting more watering and fertilization, endive will grow particularly well.

It is a bellflower order, and most of them grow in warm places. It is an herbaceous plant. To ensure the humidity of the soil, we should also pay attention to the temperature outside, do not let the temperature difference be too large, and apply fertilizer in time.

It is a very nutritious vegetable. When planting, you should choose good seeds, fertile soil, good soil drainage, remember to water and fertilize frequently.

Endive is a herbaceous plant, its growth cycle is generally one or two years, its overall appearance is conical, and it is vertically protruding, the whole body of the endive is covered with many fibrous fibrous roots. The height of the endive can reach a maximum of 150 centimeters, and the minimum is 40 centimeters. The house shape of the endive is relatively special, it has a high ornamental value, and it can also be used for food, which can provide a lot of nutrients for the human body.

1.Land selection and land preparation.

Bitter chrysanthemum loves severe cold and cool natural environment, likes humidity and fertilizer, is not drought tolerant, relatively resistant to low temperature, suitable for planting on mountain slopes, underforests, farmland or water sources at an altitude of 170-3200 meters. When planting, choose sandy loam or clay soils with loose soils, rich soil organic matter, and good soil and water conservation, which can adapt to pH values between to to, but grow stronger on slightly acidic soils. After selecting the land, the soil is raked and leveled, and according to the soil fertility, 1 mu can use 1000-2000 kg of well-decomposed organic fertilizer to produce a boundary.

2.Sow. When sowing, it is necessary to choose seeds with a certain degree of disease resistance and stability, because the seeds of bitter chrysanthemum are relatively small, so the method of sowing can be used when sowing.

Dig some shallow ditches on the furrow, sprinkle the seeds evenly into the ditch, and if the soil is not well covered with 1 cm thick, you can gently press it with your hand, and then you can carry out watering, and the first watering must be watered thoroughly, so as to ensure that the seeds develop normally. Sowing is generally about 2 kg per mu, which can prevent over-sparse or over-dense conditions.

3.Fertilizer and water management methods.

In cultivation techniques, water and chemical fertilizers should be used effectively according to the growth of plants to ensure their normal growth. When the seedlings grow, keep the soil as dry and moist as possible, and do not need to water too much to prevent the seedlings from overgrowing and drought, which will cause the seedlings to age. At the peak of plant growth, the soil should be kept moist.

If the water is insufficient, the bitterness of the bitter chrysanthemum will be heavier and the taste will be worse. In the middle and late stages of growth, water should be controlled to ensure quality.

4.Pest.

During the growth process, some common pests and diseases, such as downy mildew, virus diseases and aphids, can still occur due to improper management methods. For the prevention and control of downy mildew, it is necessary to strengthen the management and carefulness, effective watering and fertilization, and immediately drain the water on rainy days to prevent changes caused by water storage in the field.

1. Variety selection.

Endive has strong cold resistance, strong adaptability, early disease, small harm, good quality and slightly bitter taste. The variety can be softened and the heart leaves can be yellowish, thus increasing the value of the product.

2. Cultivation season.

Endive prefers the cold and avoids high temperatures. After low temperature vernalization, it is easy to complete flowering and fruiting under high temperature and long sunshine conditions, and cultivation should avoid hot summer. Greenhouses, greenhouses, and shading facilities can be planted all year round to achieve annual cavity dryness and achieve high economic benefits.

3. Temperature management.

The suitable temperature range is 10 25, and the optimal temperature is 15 18. The protected area adopts a functional film with good light transmittance. Keep the membrane clean in winter, uncover the insulation cover during the day, and hang a reflective screen on the back of the solar greenhouse to increase the light intensity and time as much as possible.

In summer and autumn, it is advisable to shade and cool down.

The planting of endive should be completed in March-April or September-November, and the weather is suitable to ensure the survival rate. A ditch is made on the furrow surface, and the seeds are evenly sprinkled in the furrow to cover the thin soil. If the soil is too dry, it needs to be watered thoroughly.

When planting, turn over the soil first, remove the debris in the land, turn the soil, and apply base fertilizer. Usually planting for 4-5 days can germinate, after germination to increase the amount of water, but also need to immediately thin seedlings, replenish seedlings.

The standard of endive is not strict on soil quality, but in order for it to germinate well and grow stronger, it is proposed to turn the soil before planting to remove the impurities in the land, and also need to turn the soil once, and apply enough basal fertilizer in the land to improve soil fertility. The base fertilizer can be selected from the farmhouse fertilizer, and 800-1500 kg can be applied to 1 mu of land, and furrows need to be made.

Endive is usually planted in spring or autumn, about March to April or September to November, the weather conditions during this period are more suitable, after planting can ensure that the endive seeds germinate well, and the seedlings can also grow and develop strongly, which is easy to manage. The planting method of endive is very simple, make a ditch on the furrow surface, and then sprinkle the seeds evenly in the ditch, and cover a thin layer of soil, the soil depth is adjusted at about 1 cm, too thick will affect the germination. Its seeds can only germinate in wet conditions, so they need to be watered after planting, preferably thoroughly.

If the temperature is low, it is also necessary to cover the plastic film to keep warm and cold.

If the environment is suitable, endive can sprout after 4-5 days of planting. When the seedlings lose a lot of water after breaking the soil, they should be watered and hydrated immediately to ensure that the soil is wet, so as to promote the good germination, growth and development of the seedlings. The rhizomes of endive seedlings are weak, and they also need to turn the soil frequently to improve the growth and development of rhizomes.

When it grows to the corresponding level, it is necessary to thin the seedlings and replenish the seedlings, and the weak seedlings should be pulled out immediately. In addition, it is necessary to remove weeds from the land to prevent contention.

It is better to plant in the spring, you need to pay attention to the choice of varieties, pay attention to the condition of the soil, water on time, pay attention to light, pay attention to ventilation.

Endive is generally planted around May; Pay attention to after sowing, watering at one time, pay attention to the sowing density, and check whether there are pests and diseases in time after budding.

August is always the best time, be sure to pay attention to the outside temperature, but also pay attention to the moisture of the soil, to keep the temperature around 18 degrees, but also to pay attention to your own farming methods.

Lettuce has a lower content of carbohydrates, while the content of inorganic salts and vitamins is richer, especially more niacin. Niacin is an activator of insulin, and diabetics often eat lettuce to improve sugar metabolism. Lettuce also contains certain trace elements zinc and iron, especially the iron in lettuce is very easy to be digested and absorbed by the body.

In addition, the content of potassium ions in lettuce is also relatively rich, eating more lettuce in daily life can help people to reasonably supplement potassium, and it also has a very good preventive effect on many symptoms, so you can eat more lettuce.

What factors should be paid attention to in the process of lettuce cultivation?

1.Planting density. The blind pursuit of density is unreasonable, so even if it is planted, it is basically all lettuce, one is the problem of nutrients, and the other is the problem of growth space.

The growth of lettuce should pay attention to the two elements of nutrients and growth space, if the space is insufficient, even if the lettuce nutrients are abundant, it will gradually reduce the rate of digestion and absorption, and then cause the growth to slow down. Therefore, regardless of whether the soil layer is rich or not, everyone needs to pay attention to leaving enough gaps when planting, so that it is convenient to manage by themselves.

2.Fertilize. Lettuce in the planting process for fertilizer demand is higher, in the whole growth period to fertilize three times, the first time in the transplanting 10 days after the development, at this time the key to apply some urea or organic fertilizer, generally to choose the irrigation method, in case the concentration value is too high, affecting the growth of seedlings.

The second fertilization is when the lettuce grows to 25 cm, at this time, urea is the main force to promote its growth. The third fertilization was mainly based on urea when the fleshy stem was enlarged, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate sprayed by leaf fertilization was fused to prevent the stem from splitting.

3.Watering management. Lettuce needs less water and then more, and you only need to keep the soil layer not too dry.

With the peak of the season, lettuce will grow and expand rapidly, and the demand for water will increase day by day, at this time, it is necessary to ensure that the soil layer is relatively moist, otherwise the lettuce dry matter grows too fast, and the water can not keep up, the lettuce will appear very shriveled, and the bitter and astringent taste is heavier, which affects everyone's income.