What is the difference between the binding of classic books in the Tang and Song dynasties in China

Since the emergence of writing in human society, there have been writing materials that carry words. Changes in writing materials have affected the evolution and renewal of binding methods. From the end of the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, it was an important period of change in the development of Chinese book binding from scroll binding to album binding.

So what is the difference between the binding of Japanese classics, which was deeply influenced by the Tang and Song dynasties, and the Tang and Song dynasties?

1. The mainstream evolution of Chinese classic binding and the characteristics of the way of Song edition binding.

After the development of Chinese writing materials to bamboo and wood tablets, a parallel material appeared - contemporaneous silk. The binding method of silk books can be understood to be similar to that of Jian Ceshu, called "scroll binding", and the classics of the Tang and pre-Tang dynasties were mainly bound in this form of binding. There are sidebars at the top and bottom of the silk book, imitating the braided rope of the Jianxue book, and a vertical line is drawn between the two lines of text, similar to the gap between the two Janes.

The scroll is mounted at the end of the book with a wooden scroll, with the shaft as the center, rolled from back to front, and tethered in the center to prevent it from falling apart. The invention and application of papermaking gradually replaced bamboo and wood tablets and cheap silk, but the traditional handwriting and scroll binding methods are still prevalent.

2. The history and form of classic book binding in Japan's Heian period.

The Heian period mainly consisted of three types of culture: "Tang culture", "national culture", and "imperial government culture". In terms of binding history, due to the influence of different stages of culture, the main binding methods such as scroll binding, sticky leaf binding, leaf binding and Yamato binding appeared, and these four binding methods are important representatives of the transformation of Japanese binding history from scroll binding to album binding.

3. From the form of binding, historical origins, the similarities and differences in the binding methods of the classics of the two countries.

From the end of Nara to the beginning of Heian, literature, paintings, and Buddhist scriptures were mainly bound in scrolls, and in Japanese they were called "scrolls" and "scrolls", and those with paintings were called "painted scrolls". Currently, the oldest picture scroll in Japan is the "Tale of Genji Picture Scroll" from the late Heian period, which is also known as the "Interactive Picture Scroll" because the characters and paintings appear in the same scroll in a cross-section.

Comparing the scrolls of the two countries, it can be seen that under the influence of the system of sending Tang envoys, the early Heian period still belonged to the Tang culture, and Japan used the scroll binding that was popular in the Tang Dynasty as a template to learn its binding method. However, due to the limited number of existing relics and the high similarity of binding methods, it is difficult to determine the differences between the two countries during this period. Even in the Momoyama and Edo periods, it was not uncommon for scroll bindings to be changed to album bindings, and scroll bindings were used until the end of the 19th century.

In addition, in the early Heian period, whirlwind leaves, warp folding is not as popular as scroll packaging, in Japan, the warp folding is mainly used for stone tablets and rubbing, and it is not excluded that it is used for Buddhist scriptures and writing books, which is slightly different from our country in the field of use.

To sum up, in the early and middle Heian period, the main collection of classics from the Tang and Northern Song dynasties and learning to emulate their binding methods, and because engraving printing has not yet become popular, it is still a prosperous period dominated by handwritten books, which is the key reason for the difference in binding methods between the two countries. After comparing the binding methods of the Dunhuang testament, it can be concluded that the Japanese album binding methods of sticky leaf binding, leaf decoration and Yamato decoration are without exception the products developed based on the handwritten books and Song editions of the Tang and Five Dynasties periods, and are not original Japanese binding methods.

Most of the Chinese bindings are butterfly binding, scroll binding, and bag back binding, and these three are the most commonly used. In the Heian period of Japan, the use of leaf decoration, sticky leaf decoration, Yamato decoration, binding is completely different.

The way of framing is different, the way of binding the book is different, the way of handling the book is different, one uses the way of vertical binding, and the other uses the way of horizontal binding.

Compared with the leaf decoration, Yamato decoration, there are also differences between the two and the Song version of the bag back, and the popularity of printing technology in the two countries is the main reason for the difference. The article examines the Dunhuang testament and learns that the butterfly binding, the bag back binding are intrinsically related to the Japanese sticky leaf binding, the leaf decoration and the Yamato decoration, and summarizes the diversified historical development characteristics of the Japanese Heian period classic book binding.

The difference is that there are more Chinese classics, and most of them are in classical Chinese and vernacular. However, the Japanese texts are all written in Japanese, and they are very esoteric. I don't understand,