What are the two most classic stories between Hua Luogeng and Wang Yuan?

Hehe, don't you just check "The Biography of Hua Luogeng"?

During the Cultural Revolution, at a criticism meeting, the rebels ordered Wang Yuan to speak at the conference and criticize his mentor Hua Luogeng. Wang Yuan knew that if he refused to speak, he might be branded a counter-revolutionary. In the face of strong political pressure, he excused himself from writing a critical draft, so he could only write it by someone else, and read it on stage himself.

I didn't expect the rebels to really find someone to ghostwrite and let Wang Yuan read it. In desperation, Wang Yuan had no choice but to read the critical draft in public. Wang Yuan is well aware of the impact of this incident on the psychology of his teacher.

In his heart, he called what he did "betrayal." He repented of his submission and refused to forgive himself. After that, he never went to his teacher's house like he used to, and even when he met his teacher, he always tried to avoid it.

Many years later, Mr. Hua Luogeng returned from a visit and brought back to Wang Yuan the treatise on the "Huawang Method" in the foreign mathematical community, and the two came together again to continue their cooperation. However, when the two people were facing each other, neither the teacher nor the student mentioned the matter of the "criticism meeting——— and the two invariably remained silent without even a word. After the death of his teacher, Wang Yuan, a mathematician, spent an unprecedented ten years writing a biography of Mr. Hua Luogeng.

In his biography, he recorded his painful inner journey and deeply repented of his mistakes. In an interview with the TV host, the mild-mannered old man once again spoke about the incident and declared that it was the regret of his life.

Hua Luogeng, a great mathematician, wrote several sacks of scratch paper in order to prove a mathematical problem when he was young. Hua Luogeng is mainly engaged in the research and teaching work in the fields of analytic number theory, matrix geometry, canonical groups, automorphic function theory, multi-complex variable function theory, partial differential equations, high-dimensional numerical integration, etc., and has made outstanding achievements. In the 40s, the historical problem of estimating Gaussian complete trigonometric sums was solved, and the best error order estimation was obtained (this result has a wide range of applications in number theory). To the calendar.

Hardy with. Littlewood on the Warlin Question and e. Wright's results on the Tari issue were a major improvement and remain the most important Bhutanja record today.

Since the 60s of the 20th century, he has applied mathematical methods to practice, and screened out the optimization method and the unification method with the goal of improving work efficiency, and achieved significant economic benefits.

Inspiration: As long as you are serious and hardworking, nothing is impossible. Miracles always happen, Hua Luogeng is already disabled, but he is not discouraged; We don't have disabilities, we should take more care of ourselves, study hard, and make progress every day.

Born on November 12, 1910 in a small merchant family in Jintan County, Jiangsu Province, his father Hua Ruidong opened a small grocery store, and his mother was a virtuous housewife. After graduating from Renqi Primary School in the county seat at the age of 12, he entered Jintan County Junior High School. After graduating from junior high school in 1925, due to his poor family, he could not afford to enter high school, so he had to go to the Zhonghua Vocational School founded by Huang Yanpei in Shanghai to study accounting.

In less than a year, due to the high cost of living, he was forced to drop out of school and returned to Jintan to help his father run the grocery store.

In the monotonous life of standing at the counter, he began to teach himself mathematics. In the autumn of 1927, he married Wu Xiaozhi. In 1929, Hua Luogeng was hired as a clerk at Jintan Middle School and began to publish in Shanghai "Science" and other magazines**.

In the winter of 1929, he contracted a severe typhoid fever, and after nearly half a year of treatment, although the disease was cured, the joint of his left leg was seriously damaged, and he was left with a lifelong disability, and he had to use a cane to walk.

In fact, when Hua Luogeng was in junior high school, his homework was not good for a while, and sometimes he failed the math exam. Hua Luogeng's mathematics teacher, a famous educator and translator in China, Wang Wei (born in 1900, a native of Jintan), found that although Hua Luogeng was playful, he was quick to think, and his math problems were often changed and changed, and the solution method was very unique. Once, when the teacher of Jintan Middle School lamented that there were many "poor students" in the school and there were no "talents", Wang Wei said:

Not necessarily, in my opinion, Hua Luogeng is one! "Hua Luogeng? An old Li sedan chair master smiled:

Look at his two crab-like words, can he be regarded as a 'talent rent'? Wang Wei said with some excitement: "Of course, he has little hope of becoming a great calligrapher, but how can you tell his talent in mathematics from his handwriting?"

You must know that when gold is buried in the sand, it looks no different from the sand, and we need to have the ability to pan for gold in the sand with the eyes of a teacher, otherwise we will bury talents! ”

When Hua Luogeng was in middle school, he had seriously thought about the traditional abacus method. After analysis, he believes that the addition and subtraction of abacus is difficult to simplify, but multiplication can be simplified.

The traditional way of multiplication is the "head method" or "tail method", that is, the multiplication is first put on the abacus, and then the multiplier is used to multiply; Every time a single digit of the multiplier is multiplied by the multiplier, the digit is removed from the multiplier; When the multiplier is used up, you get the final answer. Hua Luogeng thinks: Why not simply add the number of answers multiplied each time to the abacus one by one?

This saves the time for the multiplier to hit the abacus, for example: 28 6, first put 2 6 = 12 on the abacus, then step back one place, add 8 6 = 48, and immediately get 168, and the result can be obtained in only two steps. For division, it can also be reduced to gradual subtraction to save more time.

With this improvement, coupled with his good mental arithmetic, Hua Luogeng won the championship in the abacus competition in Shanghai at that time.

Hua Luogeng is not only willing to use his brain in mathematics, but also very attentive to Chinese. Once, the teacher gave the books of the literary master Hu Shi in his collection to the students, and asked each of them to write a review after reading it. Hua Luogeng got the "Attempt Collection", which revealed the author's pride in advocating vernacular writing, and thought that he was a successful attempt, so he wrote a "Preface Poem" on the title page:

Attempts to succeed have never been successful since ancient times, and this may not be the case. I'm here for the next word, and I've been trying successfully since ancient times. ”

Hua Luogeng did not express the praise of Hu Shi expected by the teacher, but pointed out sharply: Hu Shi's poem is confusing, and the "attempt" in the first sentence and the "attempt" in the fourth sentence are two completely different concepts. The "attempt" in the first sentence refers to the first attempt, and of course it is relatively rare to succeed at the first attempt; The "attempt" in the fourth sentence refers to a successful attempt after many attempts or failures, so they have different meanings.

It makes sense to look at the two "attempts" separately, but when Hu Shi puts the two together, he uses his own concept to arbitrarily deny the concept of others (Lu Fangweng), which is really unreasonable! He said: "The logic of Hu Shixu's poems is chaotic and unreadable.

It is precisely because of Hua Luogeng's diligent thinking, love of innovation, and not superstitious authority that he finally became a great mathematician by studying hard.

Two stories.

He is the founder and pioneer of many aspects of Chinese analytic number theory, matrix geometry, canonical groups, and automorphic function theory. In the world, the mathematical research achievements named after Fahrenheit include "Fahrenheit's theorem", "Huaiyi-Hua's inequality", "Fahrenheit's inequality", "Prouwer-Gadanghua theorem", "Fahrenheit operator", "Hua-Wang method" and so on. Hua Luogeng left us ten monographs in his life:

Theory of Stacked Prime Numbers", "Valuation of Exponential Sums and Their Applications in Number Theory", "Harmonic Analysis of Typical Domains in the Theory of Multiple Complex Functions", "Introduction to Number Theory", "Typical Groups" (co-authored with Wan Zhexian), "Starting from the Unit Circle", "Application of Number Theory in Approximate Analysis" (co-authored with Wang Yuan), "System of Linear Partial Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients of Two Unknown Functions of Two Second-Order Independent Variables" (co-authored), "Optimization" and "Mathematical Theory of Scope Optimization of Planned Economy", Eight of them have been translated and published abroad and have been included in the list of classic works of mathematics in the 20th century. In addition, there are more than 150 academic articles, and the popular science work "Optimal Law Review Hua Luogeng Statue".

Words and their Supplements", "Commentary and Supplements of the Overall Planning Law", etc., compiled as "Selected Works of Hua Luogeng's Popular Science Works". In algebra, the basic theorem of one-dimensional projective geometry has been proved for a long time. A simple and straightforward proof of the result that the regular descendant of a body must be contained in its center is known as the Cardang-Brauer-Warf theorem. His monograph "Theory of Stacked Prime Numbers" systematically summarized, developed and improved the Hardy and Littlewood circle method, the Winogradov triangle and estimation method and his own method, and his main results are still in the leading position in the world for more than 40 years since its publication, and has been translated and published in Russian, Hungarian, Japanese, German and English, becoming one of the classic number theory works of the 20th century.

His monograph "Harmonic Analysis on Multiple Complex Typical Domains" uses sophisticated analysis and matrix techniques, combined with group representation theory, to give the complete orthogonal system of the canonical domain, and thus gives the expression of Cauchy and Poisson kernels. This work has had a wide and in-depth impact on harmonic analysis, complex analysis, differential equations and other research, and has won the first prize of the Chinese Natural Science Award. He has advocated the development of applied mathematics and computers, and has published many works such as "Ordinary Words of Coordination Methods" and "Optimal Learning", which have been popularized and applied in China.

In cooperation with Professor Wang Yuan, he has achieved important results in the application of modern number theory methods, which is known as the "Hua-Wang method". It has also made important contributions to the development of mathematics education and the popularization of science.