In a fire, what is the first thing that causes harm to the human body, is it a high temperature heat

It's toxic smoke. <>

Toxic smoke is the biggest risk factor for people to die in fires. The main cause of death in toxic smoke is carbon monoxide poisoning.

In air with carbon monoxide concentrations, a person can lose consciousness after two or three breaths, and 13 minutes of breath can lead to death. The amount of carbon monoxide in the flue gas produced by the combustion of commonly used building materials is as high.

In addition, the smoke from the fire contains a lot of carbon dioxide.

There are also some materials, such as polyvinyl chloride.

Fibers such as nylon, wool, and silk can produce highly toxic gases when burned, which poses a greater threat to people.

At the same time, smoke and gases in the fire can also lead to inhalation loss. A vice chairman said: "Inhalation injury refers to the inhalation of hot air, vapors, smoke, harmful gases, and certain chemical components of volatile chemicals by the human body, which will cause damage to the respiratory tract and lung parenchyma, as well as systemic chemical poisoning caused by the inhalation of toxic gases and substances.

Xinhua. The report added that mild inhalation injuries were mostly confined to the mouth, nose and pharynx, and clinically visible sputum containing charcoal particles, redness, swelling and blisters in the mouth, and slight pain and dryness in the larynx. Moderate inhalation injuries predominantly affect the pharynx, larynx, and trachea, and are often accompanied by hoarseness and redness and edema of the upper respiratory tract.

Severe inhalation injuries often injure the bronchi.

Bronchioles and alveoli.

Resulting in detachment of the airway mucosa and pulmonary edema.

Atelectasis and other phenomena, with severe dyspnea.

So, how can you avoid the hazards of smoke in the event of a fire? According to Xinhuanet, when the fire broke out, most of the smoke gathered in the upper space, and you should crawl or bend down to move forward close to the ground during the escape. During the evacuation, wet towels, masks, etc. should be used to cover the mouth and nose to cool down and filter.

If it is difficult to escape in case of fire, it is necessary to soak towels and clothes to block the door cracks to prevent toxic gases from entering.

In the event of a fire, in addition to the high temperature, a large amount of toxic fumes such as carbon monoxide are generated due to combustion. Generally speaking, the most harmful to the human body in a fire is not the high temperature, but these poisonous smokes, once inhaled, the human body will cause poisoning and death. Therefore, as long as you pass through the smoked area, you must always prepare wet towels or wet quilts, if there is too much smoke, you must crawl forward, because the smoke and dust will generally be concentrated in the high places of the building, which can effectively prevent the erosion of toxic smoke.

Article**9When** is in another room or floor, do not open the door rashly, first of all, you must judge whether the fire outside the door is very serious, you can judge whether the door lock is very hot. When opening the door, place your foot against the underside of the door to prevent the heat wave from pushing the door open.

And remember to run down if you can, if the escape route is blocked, you have to run up to the top of the building, waiting for the rescue of firefighters, the general high-rise buildings will have a refuge floor, this floor can isolate the fire, so the top will be very safe.

Article **10

When the ** point is on this floor, run to the nearest emergency evacuation exit, and remember to close the fire door after entering the safe passage! Generally, the stairs of high-rise buildings are enclosed, and fire and toxic smoke are basically impossible to enter.

During the entire escape process, you must remember that you can't take the elevator, you must take the ladder. Because the fire is likely to burn out the elevator device, resulting in elevator failure, and in the case of a large fire, the elevator shaft will form a chimney effect, which is undoubtedly smoked on the smoke in the elevator, and the consequences will be very serious.

Article **11

Also, don't jump off a building to escape! There is almost no chance of survival if you jump from the 3rd floor or above. The correct way is to tear them into strips with bedding, clothes, sheets, etc., and then twist these into ropes and tie them to a firm object such as a bed frame, and climb down the rope.

If there is a ready-made rope, it couldn't be more convenient.

Article **12

The most common cause of death from smoke is carbon monoxide poisoning.

In the air where carbon monoxide concentrations are reached, a person will lose consciousness after two or three breaths, and die after 13 minutes of breathing. It is understood that the content of carbon monoxide in the flue gas produced when the commonly used building materials are burned. In addition, the smoke from the fire contains a lot of carbon dioxide.

Under normal circumstances, carbon dioxide is about about 2% in the air, and when its concentration reaches 2%, the person will feel difficulty breathing, and when it reaches %, the person will suffocate to death. In addition, there are some materials, such as polyvinyl chloride, nylon, wool, silk and other fibers can produce highly toxic gases when burned, which is a greater threat to people.

At the time of fire, smoke spreads 5 times faster than fire, and it produces 5-6 times more energy than fire. The direction in which the smoke flows is the way the fire spreads. Extremely hot smoke can form a fire in less than 2 minutes, and it can also pose a threat to people who are far away.

In the case of a fire in a sub-high-rise building in the United States, although the fire only burned to the fifth floor, due to the rising smoke, people also suffocated to death on the 21st floor.

To prevent fires, the home should be equipped with three fire-fighting tools, a fire extinguisher, now there is a fire at home, mainly electrical fires, extinguishing electrical fires can not be splashed with water, splashing up may be **, quilts are now chemical fiber and other flammable materials, now there are fire extinguishers in public places, and fire extinguishers at home must be the best way to extinguish fires.

2. Smoke sensor alarm, smoke sensor alarm can sense smoke for the first time, send out a piercing alarm to remind people who are sleeping in a fire, find the fire at the first time, extinguish the fire at the first time, even if it can't be extinguished, there is enough time to escape. Three smoke masks, which can filter toxic gases and can protect people from breathing fresh air for 30 minutes, are recommended for families living in high-rise buildings.

The most common cause of fire fatality is suffocation. Toxic and harmful gases and smoke are the first fire priority. Kill. Hand.

Studies have shown that the main components of smoke are free carbon, distillate particles, condensate droplets of substances with high boiling points, etc., and the smoke in the fire not only prevents people from escaping from the fire, but also causes damage to the human respiratory system.

Fires produce large amounts of toxic and harmful gases such as cyanogen hydride, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. When the amount of carbon monoxide produced in the air reaches about 1.2 percent, a person can be suffocated within 3 minutes. Cease.

Die. When the content of carbon monoxide in the air reaches 3 percent, a person only needs to inhale a few puffs to cause it. When the content of carbon dioxide in the air reaches 10 percent, it can also quickly cause people.

Die. Lose. In the event of a fire, how can you save yourself in the face of billowing smoke and raging flames?

1. When a fire occurs, you should immediately stay away from the source of the fire, remember not to be at a loss, and know how to protect it, you can wet your hands or towel to cover your nose and mouth to avoid inhaling too much smoke.

2. Don't be at a loss, run out directly, the burning gas will fly up, and inhalation will be poisoned, so you should reduce the body as much as possible to rush forward.

3. If the fire can be controlled, use a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire as soon as possible, and be sure to ensure your own safety.

4. Call 119 Fire Alarm ** and accurately tell the firefighters where the fire occurred.

5. Quickly tell the people around you that there is a fire, shout loudly that it is on fire or press the alarm.

6. If there are elderly people and children at home, do not move them at will, you can cover them with a wet quilt to quickly extinguish the fire source on your body.

There are many ways to save yourself in case of fire, and the above six methods are more common methods, and the use effect is also very effective.

The case suffocated to death from smoke. The most common cause of death in fires is suffocation from smoke. In the event of a fire, the combustion products contain a large number of toxic components, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc., which are harmful to the human body to varying degrees.

One of the most toxic gases is carbon monoxide.

The most common cause of death in fires is suffocation from smoke. In the event of a fire, the combustion products contain a large number of toxic components, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, etc., which are harmful to the human body to varying degrees. One of the most toxic gases is carbon monoxide.

Precautions in case of fire:

1. There are obvious signs on the safety doors or extraordinary entrances and exits of crowded places, and you should pay attention to them at ordinary times.

2. Do not take the elevator to escape.

3. Do not jump off the building unless the fire is life-threatening.

4. After staying in a hotel or hotel, you should pay special attention to the fire escape route map provided by the service provider, or know the location of the safety exit by yourself.

5. Don't crowd when escaping.

Most fire fatalities are caused by suffocation by toxic gases produced by fires.

The main reason is suffocation.

Carbon dioxide is suffocating, as are toxic gases. Most of the people who basically died were suffocated due to lack of oxygen.

Thick smoke, because it contains a lot of harmful gases, staying in it for a long time, will produce hallucinations.

Thick smoke, also known as carbon monoxide.

In a fire accident, the first to cause harm to the human body is: () aHigh temperatures and heat waves.

b.Collapsed buildings.

c.Toxic fumes.

Correct Answer: Wheel Calendar C

46 The word "firefighting" originates from which of the following periods: () aTang dynasty. b.Qing Dynasty.

c.After the founding of the People's Republic of China

Correct answer: Hengtong attack b

Hazards of fire combustion products to the human body: lack of oxygen, high temperature, soot, toxic gases

The harm of hypoxia to the human body: 1. When the oxygen content in the air is 21%, people's thinking is quick, judgment is accurate, and they can live freely. 2. When the oxygen content in the air is 15%, the coordination ability of human muscles is seriously affected, and the body is stiff, hard, coagulated, and sluggish to walk.

3. When the oxygen content in the air is 10%, although people are conscious, their judgment will be significantly reduced. 4. When the oxygen content in the air is 6%, the human body is in a state of shock, the brain is unconscious, the heart fails, and dies soon.