What are the themes of ancient Chinese poetry?

The Chinese nation is an ancient nation. China is an ancient civilization with a long history in the East. Chinese literature, with its special content, form and style, constitutes its own characteristics, and runs the same track as other national literatures in the world.

Poetry is one of the earliest art forms in Chinese literature, and it is also the most fully developed genre in Chinese literature. Ancient poetry is a marvel of China's literary heritage. Tracing the development of Chinese poetry has a long history.

However, due to the different themes of the poems, the thoughts and feelings expressed are different, and the expression techniques and lyrical methods will also be different. Therefore, in order to appreciate ancient poetry well, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the classification of subject matter and be able to make accurate judgments about specific poems.

1.Love poems are poems with the theme of love (including mourning), also known as "love songs" and "poems of resentment". Love poems have a long history since the Book of Songs, mainly describing the love and love life of men and women, or expressing parting lovesickness.

Such as "Jian Jia", "Morning Glory", "Untitled" ("It's Difficult to Say Goodbye When You Meet" Li Shangyin), "Queqiao Immortal" ("Xianyun Tricky" Qin Guan) and so on.

2.Satirical poetry is a poem that uses ridicule or persuasion to expose the darkness of society and the cold state of the world, and express the voice of the people or upright people, also known as "satirical poetry", sometimes called "political satirical poetry". Satirical poetry also has a long history, and has never disappeared from the Book of Songs until modern times.

Such as "Shuo Rat", "Cutting Tan", "Bee" (Tang Luo Yin), "Title Lin'an Residence" (Southern Song Dynasty Lin Sheng), "Drunken Taiping" ("Greedy Profiteer" Yuan Dynasty Anonymous) and so on. Philosophical poetry is a kind of poetry that conveys or expounds a certain philosophy through the description and discussion of specific things. Some point to the theme, while others implicit but not revealing, which makes people think.

Famous ones such as Su Shi's "Title Xilin Wall", "Qin Poems", Zhu Xi's "Reading Books" and so on. In addition, although some poems are not philosophical poems, some of them are philosophical (such as "the mountains and rivers are full of doubts, and the willows and flowers are bright and another village", "the green mountains can't cover it, after all, it flows eastward", etc.), and should also be noted.

Ancient Chinese poetry has the following themes:

1. Idyll.

2. Sideshow's poems.

3. Epic songs.

4. Poetry of songs.

5. Write landscape poems.

6. Huairen poems.

7. Resentment poems. Wait a minute.

The themes of ancient poems are:

1. Poetry of Yongwu Yanzhi.

The poet's thoughts and feelings are expressed by chanting about natural or social things. From the point of view of the object, the object of the poetry is a simple object. Focus on the characteristics and functions of the things being sung, or focus on a certain connotation and spirit of the things sung.

2. Farewell poems.

The ancients often had to part with their families, lovers or relatives and friends because of things.

Send each other, chant poems and farewell.

Express reluctance.

3. Landscape idyll.

Landscape idylls are divided into landscape poems and idyllic poems. Shanshui poetry refers to poems that describe landscapes. Pastoral poetry refers to poems that mainly focus on rural natural scenery and pastoral life.

4. Love resentment poems.

Love poems mainly describe the love and love life of men and women, or express the pain of parting and lovesickness. The title often contains "resentment", "nostalgia", "thought", "farewell", "memory", "husband", "woman's sigh", "resentment", "hatred", or directly use "untitled".

and other words. 5. Homesick poems for detention and travel.

Because the poet has been living abroad for a long time, staying in a foreign country, or wandering in a different place, etc., he has a feeling of what he has seen and heard, so as to express his endless thoughts and life sighs and sorrows for his hometown and relatives.

Water tune song head - life can have a few beatsThe horse is in the grassland, and the tiger wants to return to the mountains.

People seek success in their careers, and they don't enjoy leisure in the world.

Don't always be right, not necessarily everyone else is wrong, be down-to-earth.

Don't talk about it, but Mu the monkey crown.

Meals must be eaten, water must be drunk, and empty talk must be stopped.

Life is peaceful, why bother to have sideburns.

How to calculate the gains and losses of success or failure, it is difficult to see the spring scene with your eyes closed, and you can go out of the well to see.

The world is always like this, and there are always no regrets in hard work.

Miscellaneous ancient poems. Miscellaneous ancient poetry is one of the genres of ancient Chinese poetry, which belongs to a kind of ancient style poetry. Ancient poems with untidy words are called "miscellaneous ancient poems".

The ancients mentioned miscellaneous words, and some called them "jagged words", such as Xie Zhen's "Four Ming Poems"; It is more called "Yuefu long and short sentences", such as Li Dongyang's "Lutang Poems", Hu Yinglin's "Poems", Ye Jiaoran's "The First Collection of Longxingtang Poems" and so on.

Some are called "long and short sentences", such as Ye Jiaoran's "The First Collection of Longxingtang Poems", Shen Deqian's "Speaking Poems", Zhu Tingzhen's "Xiaoyuan Poems", Liu Xizai's "Poems", etc.; Others associate "long and short sentences" with "seven words", "seven ancients" and "song lines", and regard long and short sentences as a category of ancient poems in seven words, or those who do not use ancient titles for seven words and long and short sentences are called song lines.

Poetry themes include:

1.Write lyrical poems.

Lyrical poems that sing about landscapes and natural landscapes. In ancient times, due to dissatisfaction with reality, some poets often placed their affection on the landscape and conveyed their thoughts and feelings by depicting the scenery of rivers and lakes and natural scenery. This kind of poem often places the emotions to be expressed in the scenery described later, which is what people often say is that the style of allegorical scenery is fresh and natural.

2.Poetry of Yongwu Yanzhi.

The poet buries the shape, characteristics, charm, and character of the things he sings about, so as to express the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality, or ideals.

3.Instant poetry.

Because of one thing, the poet's emotions are aroused, such as nostalgia, homesickness, and missing friends.

4.Nostalgic epic.

With historical allusions as the theme, or to express their own views, or to use the past to satirize the present, or to express the vicissitudes of change.

5.Poems of the Biansai Campaign.

Describe the scenery of the border and the military life of the soldiers of the border area, or express the optimistic and heroic emotions of the people or bend their hands to rent their hands and think about the sorrow, the style is tragic and magnificent, and the pen gesture is bold.

Features of poetry:

1) The content of poetry is the most concentrated reflection of social life.

2) Poetry is rich in emotion and imagination.

3) The language of poetry has the characteristics of conciseness, imagery, harmonious tone, and distinct rhythm.

4) In terms of form, poetry is not based on sentences, but on actions, and the clever lines are mainly based on rhythm rather than meaning.

Ancient Chinese poetry can be broadly divided into two categories: one is called ancient style poetry (or "ancient style"), a name that began in the Tang Dynasty, when the Tang people called the new metrical poems of that time as near-style poems, and the poems that were produced before the Tang Dynasty with less rhythmic restrictions were called ancient style poems. Later generations followed the Tang people's sayings, and called the Yuefu folk songs, literati poems, and poems written by literati after the Tang Dynasty in imitation of its style as "ancient style poems".

According to the number of words in the poem, there are four words (such as the "Book of Songs"), five words (such as the poem "Han Yuefu"), seven words (such as Cao Pi's "Yan Ge Xing"), miscellaneous words (such as Li Bai's "Shu Dao Difficult") and so on. Ancient style poems rhyme more freely. The other type is called near-style poetry (or "modern style poetry"), which is a new style of poetry that emerged in the Tang Dynasty.

There are two kinds of near-style poems, one is called "quatrain", each poem has four sentences, the abbreviation of five words is five uniques, and the abbreviation of seven words is seven uniques. One is called "rhythmic poetry", each poem has eight sentences, the five words are referred to as the five rules, the seven words are referred to as the seven laws, and the more than eight sentences are called the rhythm (or "long rhythm"). The rhythm of the poem is very strict, the article has a fixed sentence (except for the rhythm), the sentence has a fixed word, the rhyme has a positioning (the rhyme position is fixed), the word has a fixed sound (the tone of each word in the poem is fixed), and the couplet has a fixed pair (the two couplets in the middle of the poem must be opposed).