In ancient times, poetry was divided into several categories, and what are the two types of ancient

Three categories: poems, lyrics, and songs.

Among them, poems are divided into ancient style poems (before the Tang Dynasty) and near-style poems (after the Sui and Tang dynasties, also known as metrical poems, including rhythmic poems and quatrains).

Ancient Chinese poetry can be broadly divided into two categories: one is called ancient style poetry (or "ancient style"), a name that began in the Tang Dynasty, when the Tang people called the new metrical poems of that time as near-style poems, and the poems that were produced before the Tang Dynasty with less rhythmic restrictions were called ancient style poems. Later generations followed the Tang people's sayings, and called the Yuefu folk songs, literati poems, and poems written by literati after the Tang Dynasty in imitation of its style as "ancient style poems".

According to the number of words in the poem, there are four words (such as the "Book of Songs"), five words (such as the poem "Han Yuefu"), seven words (such as Cao Pi's "Yan Ge Xing"), miscellaneous words (such as Li Bai's "Shu Dao Difficult") and so on. Ancient style poems rhyme more freely. The other type is called near-style poetry (or "modern style poetry"), which is a new style of poetry that emerged in the Tang Dynasty.

There are two kinds of near-style poems, one is called "quatrain", each poem has four sentences, the abbreviation of five words is five uniques, and the abbreviation of seven words is seven uniques. One is called "rhythmic poetry", each poem has eight sentences, the five words are referred to as the five rules, the seven words are referred to as the seven laws, and the more than eight sentences are called the rhythm (or "long rhythm"). The rhythm of the poem is very strict, the article has a fixed sentence (except for the rhythm), the sentence has a fixed word, the rhyme has a positioning (the rhyme position is fixed), the word has a fixed sound (the tone of each word in the poem is fixed), and the couplet has a fixed pair (the two couplets in the middle of the poem must be opposed).

Classification of ancient poetry: Ancient poetry includes poems, lyrics, and songs.

1. From the form of poetry, it can be divided into:

1 Ancient style poems, including ancient poems (poems before the Tang Dynasty), Chu Ci, and Yuefu poems. The poetry style of ancient style poetry can be divided into Yuefu, miscellaneous words, four words, five words, seven words, etc. Note that poems of ancient poetry genres such as "song", "song line", "introduction", "song" and "呤" also belong to ancient poetry.

Ancient style poems do not talk about battles, and the rhyme is freer. The development trajectory of ancient style poetry: "Book of Songs" Chu Ci, Han Fu, Han Yuefu, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Folk Songs, Jian'an Poems, Tao Poems and other literati five-character poems, the ancient style of the Tang Dynasty, and the new Yuefu.

2 Near-form poems, including rhythmic poems and quatrains. The poems are divided into five-character quatrains, seven-character quatrains, five-character poems, seven-character poems, etc.

3 Words, also known as poems, long and short sentences, tunes, tune words, music house, etc. Its characteristics: the tone has a fixed frame, the sentence has a fixed number, and the word has a fixed sound.

The number of words can be divided into long tone (more than 91 words), middle tone (59 90 words), and small order (less than 58 words). Words are divided into monotone and bitonal, bitonal is divided into two large paragraphs, the two paragraphs are equal or roughly equal in the number of words, monotony is only one paragraph. The first paragraph is called the front que, the upper que, and the upper piece, and the second paragraph is called the back que, the lower que, and the lower piece.

4 songs, also known as words and music. Yuan songs include loose songs and miscellaneous operas. Sanqu arose in Jin, flourished in Yuan, and the style and words are similar.

Features: You can add words in the number of words, and use more spoken language. There are two kinds of loose songs: small reams and sets (sets).

The number of sets is a coherent set of songs, at least two, and more than dozens. Each set of numbers is based on the song card of the first song as the name of the whole set, and the whole set must be in the same house key. It is not a bin white kesuke, only for cappella.

5 New poetry (or vernacular poetry).

2. From the subject matter of poetry, it can be divided into:

1. Lyrical poems about landscapes, lyrical poems that sing about famous landscapes and natural scenery. In ancient times, due to dissatisfaction with reality, some poets often placed their affection on the mountains and rivers, and conveyed their thoughts and feelings by depicting the scenery of rivers and lakes and natural scenery. This kind of poem often places the emotions to be expressed in the scenery described later, which is often referred to as the allegorical scene.

Its style is fresh and natural.

2 In the poetry of Yongwu Yanzhi, the poet describes the shape, characteristics, charm and character of the thing he sings, so as to express the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality or ideals.

3 Instant sentimental poetry, because of a cause that triggers the poet's feelings, such as nostalgia, homesickness, longing for friends, etc.

4 Nostalgic epics, with historical allusions as the theme, or to express their own views, or to use the past to satirize the present, or to express the vicissitudes of change.

5 The poems of the Frontier Expedition describe the scenery of the Frontier and the military life of the soldiers on the Frontier, or express their optimistic and heroic or lovesick emotions, with a tragic and magnificent style and bold gestures.