How do you manage peas in the field? What are the details to look out for in order to increase yield

Pea is an annual climbing herb of the legume family, native to the Mediterranean and Central Asia, the whole body of pea is a treasure, mainly edible seeds and tender pods, young seedlings, its stems and leaves are cool and relieve heat, but also can be used as green manure, feed and fuel. Pea is a kind of long-term cold season bean, according to the type of pea can be divided into creeping species, semi-vine species and dwarf species according to the height of the plant, according to the use can be divided into grain peas, edible tender beans for vegetable peas and edible tender pods for vegetable peas. In the selection of seeds, according to the characteristics and use of plants, choose varieties that are suitable for the local area, have strong disease resistance, good quality and high yield.

Peas like cool and humid climate, cold-tolerant, not heat-resistant, seedling growth period can tolerate 5 degrees of low temperature, the most suitable for 12 16 degrees, the appropriate temperature for the pod-setting period is 15 20 degrees, more than 25 degrees of pollination rate is low, less pod-setting, low yield. And it likes long sunshine, so the growth period in the north is shorter than in the south, which shortens the growth period of peas and can ripen early. Field management is the main measure to obtain high yield after the pea is fixed, during which attention should be paid to fertilizer and water management and pest control, so that the stems and leaves can grow vigorously, the pods bear more fruit, and the bean grains swell, etc., to increase the yield.

The growing period of the bowl bean is not too long, and it is an early-maturing variety.

Sixty or seventy days, about 100 days for late-maturing varieties. Bowl beans are a crop that should not be overcropped and should be planted in a rotational manner. Sprinkle farmhouse fertilizer as base fertilizer on the selected plot, apply about 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu, and then plant the whole ground.

In the later stage of pea poding, the amount of watering can be appropriately reduced to keep the soil dry and wet. It should be noted that the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in peas throughout the growth period was the most nitrogen, followed by potassium, and phosphorus. Although the rhizobia of pea can fix nitrogen, it is still inseparable from the nitrogen fertilizer supplement in the soil, and the nitrogen fertilizer should be applied appropriately according to the nitrogen supply status of the root nodules.

Do not apply too much, so as not to cause the phenomenon of falling flowers and pods, and reduce the yield. Pea varieties are diverse, like cool and humid climate, can be cultivated in the north and south, in the cultivation can be based on the edible use and local climate, choose the appropriate variety, moderate dense planting, reasonable field management, do a good job in pest control, and carefully do a good job in all aspects of detailed management, in order to achieve a high yield effect.

It is necessary to pay attention to the density, pay attention to the planting situation, pay attention to watering, pay attention to fertilization, and spray pesticides at that time to better improve the yield.

1. Cultivating loose soil 2. Top dressing 3. Pest control.

On the basis of selecting good varieties, strengthen field management, take into account the local climate, soil conditions, and appropriate sowing time, pay attention to fertilizer and water management and pest management on a daily basis, and harvest at the appropriate time, so that peas will achieve high yields.

First of all, it is necessary to select high-quality varieties, to carry out seedling management, to choose land with good air permeability, to choose the right season, and to carry out weeding regularly; To choose high-quality chemical fertilizers, to promote germination in advance, to pay attention to watering and drainage measures, can be set up treatment, to manage seedlings.

The soil should be very fertile, the pH should be appropriate, more watering, frequent fertilization, and good management of flood prevention and drought control; The temperature should be suitable, there should be a certain amount of sunshine, and more nutrient solution and disinfectants should be sprayed.

Spring-sown peas are harvested in early April and seedlings are pulled in early June. Autumn-sown peas are harvested from early October to mid-November, and there are two main sowing methods: sowing and strip sowing. Spreading involves spreading the pea seeds evenly on the built furrow and raking the seeds into the soil. Peanut stubble is used for planting in this place, no longer fertilized, after ploughing the land, according to the row spacing of 40 cm, 20 cm five to seven grains of ditching and sowing.

Cover with soil for three to five centimeters. The use of residual fertilizer in peanut fields will surely lead to a bumper harvest of beans. If the fertilization is too dense, the meandering beans are more than 60 centimeters high.

When it comes to pea planting time, it can be flexibly mastered according to the season or stubble, etc., and of course, the appropriate sowing date for peas can also be determined according to the time and demand of pea tips or pea pods. Although it can be sown all year round, it is best to plant peas in autumn, and in our local area, peas are generally planted in April and May in the first half of the year, and harvested in September and October. Because peas prefer a cool climate, for peas that need to go over the summer, special attention needs to be paid to the impact of high temperature in summer on pea seedlings.

After sowing, we should check frequently, and if we find that the lack of seedlings is missing, we should replant them in time to ensure that the seedlings are early and the seedlings are full. When the pea seedlings are about 3 cm high, you can start thinning the seedlings, and you can leave 1-2 seedlings in each hole. Pea grows slowly at the seedling stage and is prone to grass shortage.

Pea planting time can not be too early, too early to grow grass seedlings longer, is not conducive to frost in the winter, grass seedlings are easy to frostbite, is not conducive to the spring of the year to continue to grow.

In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, sowing is generally from late February to early March, and in the northeast of China, it is generally sown in April and May. When the seedlings grow to 10cm after emergence, and when the pea seedlings grow to about 25cm, they should be cultivated and loosened once in the early flowering stage, and some foliar fertilizer and vegetable and fruit should be sprayed appropriately in the flowering and fruiting period, so as to improve the fruit setting rate, and do not water too much.

The sowing time of peas varies according to the latitude and longitude and altitude, the sowing in the north of the Yangtze River is in March and April in spring, the harvest is in July and August, and the sowing in the south of the Yangtze River is in September and November. The time for planting in the mountains at relatively high altitudes is in August. After sowing seedlings, you can loosen the soil shallowly at the roots, increase the ground temperature, promote the growth of the roots, sow peas in autumn before entering the winter, first carry out a soil cultivation to help it keep warm for winter, and then loosen the soil and weed in the spring rain season of the second year.

It is planted in late February or early March in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, April and May in the northeast, and is best planted in September in autumn, and the soil is loosened at the pea seedling stage after planting. Fertilization is carried out during the growth period, watering during the flowering period and clamping period, proper leaf thinning during the flowering period, and erection of pea seedlings when they grow to 30 cm.

Sowing seeds in the spring is best. Precautions: Do not water before seedlings emerge to prevent rotten seeds.

When the seedlings are about 500 cm long, the seedlings are lifted with 5 kg of thin human manure and compound fertilizer. When the seedlings are high, build a shelf and lead the vines to the shelf. Spray the fruit at the flowering and podding stage to promote fruit development.

Peas are a very common vegetable, and peas are grown in many places, but because of the different environmental climates in the location, the planting time is different, so the planting of peas should be decided according to the local climate and environment. For example, here in Chongqing, known as "cold peas are divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing, spring 2-4, autumn 7-8, spring in northern China comes late, sowing time should also be delayed, according to the actual situation of each city to choose the best sowing time, can not be selected according to the recommended time on the Internet sowing time, sowing early shape is as big as a thumb nail." In our local area of Yichang, Hubei, there are two most common ways to eat peas:

One is to fry the tender beans directly, and the other is to wait for the peas to grow old and make them into bean paste, or to fry the iron peas directly. In my family, the application of base fertilizer before planting is also relatively simple, direct and effective. First, the fertile dry manure in the field is carried 3 months in advance, and then the urea and phosphate fertilizer are sprinkled at the time of planting.

<> the best time to sow peas is from March to May every year, when the germination rate of pea seeds is relatively high. The area north of the Yangtze River is generally sown in March and April, harvested in July and August, which is the spring sowing area, and the area south of the Yangtze River is generally sown at the end of September or early October to November, and harvested in April and May of the following year, which is the autumn sowing area. It is planted from mid-September to around October of the lunar calendar every year.

In the second half of April and the beginning of May of the lunar calendar of the next year, it will be stored in the granary. Now with the development of science and technology, there are constant temperature greenhouses, which can be planted in all seasons and can be harvested at any time. (Peas are best sown in the spring (between mid-April and mid-May), as long as the temperature of the ground where the peas are sown is 5°C and the ground is not too wet.)

This means that peas are usually the first crops planted in the spring. The earlier the pea is planted, then it is necessary to figure out what type of bean it is, according to the modern breed there are a variety of varieties, there will be four seasons of special planting to eat the tip of the bean vine. There are special eating fruits and bean clips, etc., which must be artificially placed to protect the conditions, just because.

After the pea emerges to the plant before the ridge sealing, the soil should be cultivated in time 2 3 times, the depth of cultivation should be mastered first shallow and then deep, generally the seedling height of about 8 cm when the first tillage, the plant height of 15 20cm can be carried out the second tillage. Pea seedlings such as thin seedlings yellow, in case of rainfall should be timely topdressing, generally can apply urea 5 8 kg per mu as seedling topdressing. In order to improve the yield, foliar sprays of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied 2 to 3 times at the flowering and podding stage.

Peas often develop rust, powdery mildew, etc. during the growth period. After the onset of the disease, the diseased leaves should be removed in time, the diseased plants should be uprooted, and the disease should be burned in a centralized manner. The occurrence of rust and powdery mildew can be prevented and controlled with 25% powder rust 2 000 3 000 times.

At the same time, it is often harmed by leaf miners, and can be sprayed with 80% dichlorvos 800 times liquid, and can also treat aphids and laiqing insects.

Topping rack. When the pea seedlings grow to about 30 centimeters, in order to make the pea seedlings grow more side branches and improve the yield of peas, it is necessary to top the pea seedlings, remove the heart leaves, promote the growth of the side branches, and wait until the side branches grow to a certain extent, and then promote the growth of the lower branches, until the pea seedlings form a complete plant shape, and finally top to inhibit the continued growth of the pea seedlings. And build a scaffold when topping, it is best to build a scaffold for each plant, and the scaffold is implicated with a string, and the seedlings are supported to the scaffold to climb and grow, so as to increase the yield of peas.

As the saying goes, whether the crop grows well or not, the bottom fertilizer is the key, so when planting peas, the bottom fertilizer should also be applied to the bottom fertilizer, the bottom fertilizer is mainly based on the rotten farmhouse fertilizer, if you can use rhizobia to dress the seeds when sowing, the effect is better, the pea rhizobia has the effect of nitrogen fixation, and after the pea seedlings are unearthed, because of various reasons, the pea seedlings are not neat, and when there is a shortage of monopoly seedlings, it is necessary to replant in time to ensure the number of basic seedlings per mu, and stabilize the yield. Peas are afraid of heavy stubble, generally to 2 3 years of rotation, deep ploughing when the mu is about 1000 kg of rotting organic fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate, 100 kg of plant ash, or directly with 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, to make a rice wide flat furrow.

Sow. The sowing time of peas is generally about 10 days later than the normal sowing time of wheat, and the row spacing is slightly larger than that of wheat, generally about 25 cm, the plant spacing is 3-5 cm, and the sowing width is 3-6 cm. The large pods have No. 1 and No. 8, the small pods have Taichung No. 11 and No. 13, and the medium pods have them, while the sweet and crisp beans are selected from varieties such as Qizhen 76 or Cuizhu.

The second is the grain eating type, which is generally selected as the No. 4, No. 5, No. 6 and pearl green, which is most suitable for mountain planting.

Pea field management is also very simple, as long as the land is well prepared, fertilizerd, watered, and weeds, pests and diseases are well controlled, you can have a good yield. In the process of planting, as long as the key points are done, you can save a lot of manpowerThe bowl bean does not have high requirements for the soil, all kinds of soil can be cultivated, the drainage should be good, the soil with sufficient phosphorus fertilizer is the most ideal, if the fertilizer is insufficient, the lower part of the branch is few, and it is easy to wither.

2.Before the budding of the plant, digging is mainly used to promote the deep growth of the root system, and lay a good foundation for absorbing a large amount of fertilizer and water during the full fruiting period,.。

Peas cannot be planted in one plot for a long time, soil tilling work is carried out before planting. Apply enough manure to the plough so that you can provide enough water for the peas to grow.

The growth rate of pea seedlings is relatively slow, and it is necessary to carry out weeding in time to avoid weeds from growing violently, causing grass shortage, and affecting the normal yield of peas. In the growth process of peas, it is generally necessary to carry out three times of tillage and weeding, and the first tillage is shortly after the seedlings emerge, which is almost the time when the good seedlings grow to about ten centimeters. The second tillage is generally when the pea seedlings grow to about 25 centimeters, while the third tillage is carried out before flowering, mainly according to the growth of pea seedlings and the growth of weeds.

After the pea seedlings emerge, we should quickly remove all the dead pea seedlings, because such seedlings have an impact on the growth of other seedlings. We need to fill up the fresh pea seedlings after removing the dead seedlings so that we can increase the yield.

For legume crops, care must be taken when sowing. We can't plant naked in the field. The coating must be a seed coating containing imidacloprid and thiamethoxam.

For pea seed coating, be sure to pay attention to the amount of water. Do not expose to the sun after seed dressing. Sow after drying in the shade.

Do not destroy the seed skin.