What are the advantages and disadvantages of sprinkler irrigation? What are the disadvantages of spr

1. Advantages 1. Water saving. Sprinkler irrigation can control the amount and uniformity of irrigation, without deep seepage and surface loss, and can adjust the amount of sprinkling according to the water demand of crops, thus greatly saving irrigation water consumption. Generally, it can save 30-50 water, and more than 70 can be saved on sandy land with strong permeability and poor water retention capacity.

2. Increase production. Irrigation can be controlled in a timely and appropriate amount to keep soil moisture within the appropriate range for normal crop growth; It does not have a mechanical damage effect on the soil cultivated layer and maintains the soil aggregate structure; Regulate the microclimate, and play a cooling role in the hot season; Effectively regulate the water, air, heat, nutrient and microbial status of the soil; Rinse off dust from stems and leaves, which is good for crop respiration and photosynthesis.

the proceeds of the process; In the cold season, it can prevent frost, increase foliar temperature and ground temperature, create a good growth environment for crops, and achieve obvious yield increase effect.

3. Strong adaptability. Sprinkler irrigation technology is suitable for a wide range of crops and plots of different terrains.

4. Labor saving. Sprinkler irrigation technology has a high degree of mechanization and automation, and the use of sprinkler irrigation equipment combined with fertilization and pesticide application can greatly reduce labor and labor.

5 provinces. The use of sprinkler irrigation technology can free up the ditch to occupy land and achieve the purpose of saving land.

2. Disadvantage 1. Affected by wind. The wind not only affects the uniformity of the spraying, but also drifts.

Evaporation losses increase. Therefore, when the wind speed exceeds meters per second, the sprinkler irrigation should be stopped.

2. Large investment. Sprinkler irrigation requires equipment and a large number of pipes, and the investment in infrastructure is high.

Indicators to measure the quality of irrigation generally include irrigation intensity, irrigation uniformity and droplet diameter.

Irrigation intensity is the amount of water sprayed on a unit area per unit time, that is, the depth of water sprayed on the irrigation land per unit time.

In general, the average sprinkler irrigation intensity should be adapted to the soil permeability, and the sprinkler irrigation intensity should not exceed the infiltration rate (i.e., the imbibition rate) of the soil, so that the water sprayed on the soil surface can seep into the soil in time, and no more water and runoff will be formed on the surface.

Sprinkler irrigation uniformity refers to the uniform intensity of water distribution in the sprinkler irrigation area, and it is one of the main indicators to measure the quality of sprinkler irrigation.

The size of the water droplets sprayed from a nozzle is inconsistent, generally there are more small droplets near and more large droplets at a distance, so the diameter of the water droplets should be measured at a distance of 3-5m from the nozzle and the average value should be obtained. Generally, the average diameter is not more than 1-3mm.

1.Basically does not produce deep seepage and surface runoff, can save more than 20 water, the water-saving effect is remarkable, easy to control, and the water utilization rate can reach 80.

2.Irrigation is uniform, the soil is not flattened, the damage to the soil structure is reduced, the original soil can be kept loose, and the excessive irrigation caused by excessive salinization of the soil can be avoided.

3.Sprinkler irrigation. It can adjust the microclimate of the orchard, clean the dust on the surface of the plant, reduce the damage of low temperature, high temperature, dry and hot wind to the orchard, and improve the field microclimate and agricultural ecological environment.

4.Labor-saving, high work efficiency, convenient to work in the field machinery, but also with fertilizer spraying, spraying.

5.The requirements for leveling the land are not high, and it is also possible to use terrain with complex terrain, which is suitable for all kinds of terrain.

As we all know, sprinkler irrigation plays a great role in agricultural irrigation, and has a great role in saving water, saving labor, increasing yield, and improving quality, but there are also some limitations.

1.Spraying operations are greatly affected by wind.

The trajectory of the water droplets sprayed by the sprinkler is greatly affected by the wind during the process of falling on the ground. Under the influence of wind, the range and water distribution of the sprinkler in all directions will change significantly, which will affect the uniformity of irrigation and even cause leakage. Generally, when the wind force is greater than level 3, the uniformity of spraying and nuclear irrigation will be greatly reduced, and it is not suitable to carry out sprinkler irrigation at this time; It is advisable to carry out sprinkler irrigation at night when the wind is light.

In areas with windy irrigation season, the adverse effects of wind should be fully considered in equipment selection and planning and design, and other irrigation methods should be considered if it is difficult to solve.

1) Large drift evaporation loss.

The water droplets sprayed by the sprinkler will produce evaporation loss before falling to the ground, and will float out of the irrigation field under windy conditions, resulting in drift loss, especially in the drought, windy and high temperature seasons, the evaporation loss of sprinkler irrigation drift is greater, and the loss is related to wind speed, air temperature and air humidity.

Relate. The evaporation loss of sprinkler irrigation is also related to the atomization degree of the sprinkler, and the higher the atomization degree, the greater the evaporation loss.

2) High investment in equipment.

The sprinkler irrigation system requires a large number of mechanical equipment and pipeline materials, and at the same time, the working pressure of the system is high, and the pressure resistance requirements for its supporting infrastructure are also high, so it requires equipment with high standards, which makes the one-time investment high. The investment in the sprinkler irrigation system is also related to the degree of automation, the higher the degree of automation, the more advanced equipment is needed, and the higher the investment.

4) High energy consumption and operating costs.

The sprinkler irrigation system needs pressurized equipment to provide a certain pressure in order to ensure the normal operation of the sprinkler head and meet the requirements of uniform irrigation, and in the absence of natural water pressure, it is only pressurized by the water pump, which needs to consume a part of the energy (electricity, diesel or gasoline), which increases the operating cost. In order to solve this kind of problem, sprinkler irrigation is currently developing in the direction of low pressure. In addition, it is necessary to make full use of natural water pressure in places where conditions permit, which can greatly reduce operating costs.

5) The surface is more wet, and the deep moisture is insufficient.

Compared with drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation has a much greater irrigation intensity, so there is a disadvantage of more surface wetness and less deep moisture, which is not good for deep-rooted crops, but if the design is appropriately selected for a lower irrigation intensity, or if the water penetrates into the lower layer with a longer irrigation time, this problem will be greatly alleviated. In addition, for the crops that are still in the seedling stage, because there is no closure, irrigation when using the sprinkler irrigation system, especially when the irrigation and fertilization are combined, on the one hand, it is easy to breed weeds, thereby affecting the normal growth of crops, on the other hand, the waste of water and fertilizer resources is increasedIn the high temperature season, especially in the south, when irrigation is carried out when the sprinkler irrigation system is used, it is easy to form a high temperature and high humidity environment during the growth of crops, which can lead to the occurrence and spread of diseases.

The disadvantage should be that it is greatly affected by the wind, and the evaporation of water is also more. If the wind is strong, there are some places where there is no way to pour water in the round hall, so that the orange finch will be a waste of water.

1. It is greatly affected by the wind.

When the wind blows during sprinkler irrigation, it will blow away a large number of water droplets, increasing water loss. The wind will also change the shape of the water tongue and the spray distance, reducing the uniformity of the sprinkler irrigation, so generally in the 3 4 level wind should stop the sprinkler irrigation.

2. Large evaporation loss.

Since the water is sprayed into the air, the evaporation is greater than that of ground irrigation. Especially in the dry season, when the relative humidity of the air is lower, the evaporation is greater, and the water droplets can evaporate up to 10% before they land on the groundTherefore, sprinkler irrigation can be carried out during the wind hours in the night to reduce evaporation losses.

3. There may be a problem of insufficient moisture at the bottom of the soil.

In the case of excessive sprinkler irrigation intensity and low soil infiltration capacity, the problem of soil surface layer is very moist and the bottom layer is not moist enough. The use of low-intensity sprinkler irrigation, so that the sprinkler irrigation intensity is lower than the soil infiltration rate, and prolong the sprinkler irrigation time, can make the irrigation water fully infiltrate into the underlying soil, and do not produce ground water and runoff.

The disadvantage is that it is a great waste of water, a waste of resources, a waste of pesticides, and there are some places where irrigation cannot be irrigated, and there will be some blind spots for sprinkler irrigation.

It may be affected by some wind, it may be sprayed into the air, the intensity of irrigation hail is not very good, evaporation will lose a lot of water, it requires a lot of noise, it requires a lot of energy. The source is bumpy.

First of all, it is a special waste of time, and then it is very easy to be affected by the wind, the evaporation rate is very fast, and the infiltration capacity of the soil is very low.

The advantages of drip irrigation are water-saving, fertilizer-saving, and labor-saving. Drip irrigation belongs to the whole pipeline water transmission and local micro-irrigation, which can minimize the leakage and loss of water. It can also be very convenient to combine with fertilization, the fertilizer is dissolved and irrigated into the irrigation system, because the fertilizer is combined with water, the fertilizer nutrients can directly and evenly enter the root system of the crop, and the water and fertilizer are truly synchronized, which greatly improves the effective utilization rate of fertilizer and avoids waste.

Sprinkler irrigation is an irrigation method that sprays water with a certain pressure into the air with the help of a pump and pipe system or by taking advantage of the drop of natural water sources, scattering into small droplets or forming a mist that falls on plants and the ground.

The way of watering is different, the amount of water required is different, and the impact on plants is also different, and drip irrigation is more water-saving.

Different irrigation methods, different patterns, different amounts of watering, different degrees of watering of the soil, and different watering techniques. The more water-saving way is drip irrigation, which can better water the roots of the crops, and can better hydrate the roots of the crops.

Sprinkler irrigation is a modern type of agricultural irrigation that has many advantages. First of all, sprinkler irrigation can save water resources because it can control the flow of water and the area sprayed, avoiding waste and abuse. This is especially important in water-scarce or water-scarce agricultural areas.

Second, sprinkler irrigation can improve agricultural production efficiency. It allows water and fertilizer to be sprayed more evenly on crops, promotes the growth of crop compounds, reduces land waste and improves soil quality. At the same time, it can control the intensity of water irrigation, reducing soil erosion and soil erosion.

Finally, sprinkler irrigation can reduce labor costs and improve labor efficiency in agricultural production. Irrigation systems can be automated and do not require a lot of manual work, which is important in areas where there is a shortage of labor and where farming is busy.

In general, sprinkler irrigation is an efficient, water-saving and labor-saving irrigation method, and it occupies an important position in modern agricultural production. With the continuous development of science and technology, the quality and efficiency of sprinkler irrigation systems are also improving, which will bring greater development space and opportunities for agricultural production.

1. Energy saving, small blockage problem, simple water purification treatment, the diameter of the flow channel of the small pipe irrigator is much larger than the diameter of the flow channel or orifice of the drip irrigation irrigator, and the large flow outflow is adopted.

2. When fertilizing is convenient for fruit trees, the chemical fertilizer liquid can be injected into the pipeline and enter the soil in the root zone of the crop with the irrigation water, or the fertilizer can be evenly sprinkled in the infiltration ditch to dissolve, and the water can enter the soil. In particular, when applying organic fertilizer, all kinds of organic fertilizer can be put into the soil under the seepage ditch, and matured under the water, heat and gas conditions suitable for leakage, so as to fully return to the skin and volatilize the fertilizer, and solve the problem that organic fertilizer can not be applied by drip irrigation.

3. Water-saving small pipe outflow irrigation is a local irrigation technology, which only moistens part of the soil of the crop root active layer on both sides of the seepage ditch, and the water utilization rate is high, and it is the pipe network for water transmission and distribution, and there is no leakage loss. According to the test in Beijing's Haidian District, it can save more than 60% of water compared with surface irrigation.

4. Strong adaptability to all kinds of terrain, soil, all kinds of fruit trees, etc.

5. Simple operation and convenient management.

It can be said that sprinkler irrigation machine is currently the most commonly used water-saving irrigation technology, has a very wide range of applications in the agriculture and forestry industry, its advantages are many, its most significant feature is water-saving, and simple operation, convenient management, is a good hand in agriculture and forestry irrigation.

The main features of the self-propelled sprinkler are:

1. The auto-return function can automatically return when it runs to the endpoint position. The sprinkler can start from the starting point and reach the end point, and then automatically return to the starting point and then stop. Set the start and end positions at will.

The start and stop of the self-propelled sprinkler are all controlled by the magnetic induction model, and the running stroke of the sprinkler can be changed by moving the magnets at the beginning and end points.

2. The running speed of the stepless speed sprinkler in both directions can be arbitrarily set within 4-16m min. Setting the appropriate operating speed can greatly improve the efficiency of the project, which provides the different crops in the greenhouse with their own amount of water and fertilizer.

3. Set the spraying cycle time for regular spraying, and the sprinkler can automatically spray regularly.

4. With the function of remote control, this function greatly saves labor costs, and through the remote control, an operator can operate several sprinkler bucket belt machines at the same time.

Drip irrigation is more water-efficient.

Drip irrigation,It is the use of plastic pipes to send water to the roots of crops through orifices or drippers with a diameter of about 10 mm through orifices or drippers for local irrigation.

It is one of the most effective water-saving irrigation methods in arid and water-scarce areas, with a water utilization rate of up to 95%. Drip irrigation has a higher water-saving and yield increase effect than sprinkler irrigation, and can be combined with fertilization to improve fertilizer efficiency by more than double. It can be applied to the irrigation of fruit trees, vegetables, cash crops and greenhouses, and can also be used for field crop irrigation in drought and water shortage places.

The disadvantage is that the dripper is prone to fouling and plugging delayed plugs, so the water source should be strictly filtered.

Drip irrigation features

1. Save water and labor, increase production and income. Because the water does not move in the air during irrigation, does not crack the wet leaf surface, and does not evaporate from the soil surface outside the effective moist area, the amount of water directly lost to evaporation is the least; It is easy to control the amount of water and does not cause surface runoff and deep soil leakage. ThereforeIt can save 35 to 75% more water than sprinkler irrigation.

It has opened up a new way to realize water conservancy in mountainous areas with scarce water sources and water shortages. Due to the lack of sufficient water between the plants, weeds are not easy to grow, so the interference between crops and weeds competing for nutrients is greatly reduced, and the weeding labor is reduced. Yields can be increased as the root zone of crops can maintain optimal water supply and fertilizer supply.

2. The drip irrigation system has higher requirements for the quality of management personnel and intensive planting of farmland, and the cost is higher than that of traditional canal irrigation, and due to the influence of impurities and mineral precipitation, the capillary dripper will be blocked, and the uniformity of drip irrigation is not easy to guarantee. These are all obstacles to the widespread adoption of drip irrigation technology. In order to promote the modernization and sustainable development of agriculture, China is comprehensively and vigorously promoting the high-code Qixiao water-saving irrigation technology, and the development prospects are broad.

Sprinkler irrigation. It is an irrigation method that sprays water with a certain pressure into the air with the help of a pump and pipe system or by taking advantage of the drop of natural water sources, scattering into small droplets or forming a mist that falls on plants and the ground.