Why was the northern economy strong before the Three Kingdoms?

The Yellow River Basin was originally the birthplace of Chinese culture. At that time, most of the economy was agrarian, and the thinking of people at that time was very simple: wherever there was food, they would immigrate wherever they wanted. The North China Plain is fertile and rich in products, so it has naturally become the preferred area for immigration.

Therefore, the capitals of Xia, Shang and Zhou were built in that area, and the natural person Ding was prosperous. By the time of the Warring States Period, the Guanzhong region where the Qin State was located at that time, that is, the area around Xianyang in today's Shaanxi, was not the barren Loess Plateau today. At that time, there were grass and trees, and the grain was abundant.

There is also the natural danger of Hangu Pass, the six countries in the east cannot be beaten, and the people can live and work in peace and contentment. In order to escape the annual wars of the six eastern countries, the people emigrated to Qin in large numbers. Driven by the Shang Dynasty reforms, the Qin State also greatly improved its economic strength and laid a solid foundation for the unification of the world.

Later, when Han and Chu fought for the world, Liu Bang still relied on the advantages of Guanzhong's easy defense and difficult attack, rich resources, and large population, which crushed Xiang Yu's strength little by little. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the capital was still located in Chang'an and Luoyang. At that time, the Yangtze River basin in the south was still a barbarian land, with complex terrain, inconvenient transportation, unsmooth information exchange, and many miasma epidemics.

The state of Chu here also has to establish good relations with the local ethnic minorities all day long, which is not suitable for a large number of people to live. Therefore, although the territory of Chu is very large, its economic strength has never been strong.

Before the Three Kingdoms, the concept of the Central Plains referred to the areas east of Tongguan, south of Shanhaiguan, and north of the Yangtze River, and other areas were unsuitable for human habitation. The poor south is due to the abundance of rivers and water, the frequent occurrence of schistosomiasis and plague, and the frequent occurrence of typhoons near the sea.

Probably because the flooding in the south is too serious, the terrain is complicated. The northern plains are more suitable for agricultural development. Northeast China, North China Plain, etc.

The most important thing is that the south has always been underpopulated.

From the birth of Chinese civilization to the Western Jin Dynasty, the civilization activities were in the north, and the main territory of the Southern Barbarian Chu State of the Zhou Dynasty was in Henan, and the farthest was Hubei, and Hunan was a place outside the country. During the Three Kingdoms era, no one paid attention to the south, and the big families were reluctant to go, and Jiangnan was mostly a lot of landlord forces who controlled large tracts of land, and the imperial power was useless here. When Sun Jian's father and son opened up the south of the Yangtze River, they only fought tens of millions of people, and at this time the north was more than 100,000 people.

It was not until the Eastern Jin Dynasty that the emperor fled south, and then he took many nobles from the north to the south, bringing with him the civilization system and science and technology, and the south began to develop from then on.

1.Climate, the Yellow River Basin in ancient northern China has a high forest coverage rate, and the climate is also warm and humid, suitable for living and farming.

2.Crops, the yield of wheat introduced in China from the Qin Dynasty onwards was relatively stable, suitable for cultivation in the north3The climate in the south is hot and humid, and the natural conditions are not conducive to human health.

4. The opening of the Silk Road has facilitated communication between the north and the west, while the southern maritime navigation technology is still underdeveloped.

Because of the backward farming technology of human beings before the Three Kingdoms, the south was mostly clay soil, and the cultivation remained unchanged, and there were many rivers in the south, and the transportation was inconvenient

When Cao Cao was unified, most of their leaders were in the north, and the southern ones were subject states and Wu states.

The Yellow River Basin is the birthplace of the Chinese nation, so the political and economic centers of ancient China are all in the north.

Also, the southward shift of the economic center began at the end of the Tang Dynasty, because the long-term war almost destroyed the north, and many people moved south, while the Song Dynasty even had its capital in the south

The southward shift of the economic center of gravity is an important historical phenomenon in Chinese history, which runs through almost the entire history of China.

From ancient times to the Western Jin Dynasty, the economic development level of northern China is far higher than that of the south, although Wu Shu developed the south during the Three Kingdoms period, but compared with the economic strength of Wei in the economic center of China, there is a huge disparity in economic strength, so the economic center of gravity in this period is in the north. From the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the level of economic development in southern China gradually improved, and by the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the level of economic development in the north and south was basically the same. From the mid-to-late Tang Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty, China's economic center of gravity irreversibly shifted to the south.

By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, the level of economic development in southern China far surpassed that of the north, and it became the new economic center of gravity of China. So why is this happening? Why?

1 day: During the Song Dynasty, China's climate and environment underwent a great change, and the northern part of the country, which had high temperatures, abundant precipitation, and superior natural environment, began to turn cold. Coupled with the long-term deforestation of the Central Plains, the natural conditions in the north began to deteriorate.

2. Geographical advantage: From the Anshi Rebellion in the middle and late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties, there were constant wars in the northern part of China, while there were few wars in the south.

3. Harmony: Many people from the Central Plains migrated south, bringing with them advanced technology and increasing the labor force in the south.

To sum up, the southward shift of China's economic center of gravity began in the mid-to-late Tang Dynasty, that is, the Anshi Rebellion, and ended in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Because Cao Cao's ambition caused dissatisfaction among the people who recovered the Han Dynasty, he has been obstructed on the road to reunification.

This is because there are many ethnic minorities around the north, and most of these minorities are nomadic people, so it is difficult to completely defeat them.

Because there are so many ethnic groups in the north, and the terrain of the north is different.

Because during the Han Dynasty, the north had to resist the attack of the Xiongnu, and there were many princes in the north, and the military strength of each prince was not weak, so it would be so difficult for Cao Cao to unify.

I think there was a strong opponent at that time, that is, Liu Bei, the strength of the two sides is still very equal, which is also the reason why they can't go north together.

Jiangnan development.

During the Six Dynasties, especially in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, the economy of Jiangnan was greatly developed. During this period, the large-scale and destructive turmoil mostly occurred in the north, and the war situation lasted for a long time, while the south was relatively stable, after the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, millions of northern people moved south, enriching the labor force in the south of the Yangtze River and bringing advanced production technology; The integration of ethnic minorities in the south with the Han Chinese has accelerated the development of the local economy.

The economic centre of gravity is still in the north. The southeast has been rapidly developed, the Central Plains has developed relatively slowly, and the economic development of northern cities is higher than that of the south.

The south is inaccessible, while the economic and political center is in the north.

At that time, most of the forces of the Eastern Han Dynasty were in the north!! Therefore the North is richer than the South!