How to discern that all idealists are agnostics .

This question is wrong.

Idealism asserts that consciousness is the first nature and the material second nature.

The distinction between agnosticism and agnosticism is based on the ability to know the world (whether thinking and being are identical).

The idealist position does not mean that the world cannot be known, and it also includes agnosticism and agnosticism.

Agnosticism refers to not acknowledging that the world is knowable. Subjective idealists all believe that their subjective emotions, experiences, feelings, etc. are the origin of the world, so how can they feel that the world is unknowable? That is to say, if he can perceive himself, he perceives the world.

Objective idealists, on the other hand, believe that the origin of the world is objective mystical forces, such as gods, ideas, etc., and they believe that these things are mysterious and cannot be perceived by human forces. So this debate is one-sided.

Idealism, also translated as the Theory of Ideas, is the discussion and view of the relationship between ideas, minds, languages, and things in philosophy.

It should be said that "idealism" is more accurately translated than "idealism", but the latter has become a common word. Nowadays, the academic circles call the "eidos" (forms) of the entities on Plato's figures "rational theory" to distinguish the ideas of the theory of ideas, which are derived from experience; Plato's rationality, however, does not come from experience; Therefore, the rational type will be a more appropriate translation.

Marxist philosophy, on the other hand, holds that idealism is one of the two basic schools of philosophy, and is a theoretical system that is opposed to ontology (materialism). On the basic issues of philosophy, it advocates the primacy of spirit and consciousness and the secondness of matter, that is to say: matter depends on consciousness for its existence, and matter is the product of consciousness; It is believed that it can be divided into two basic types: subjective idealism and objective idealism.

Plato's Theory of Ideas.

At the heart of Plato's philosophical thought is the theory of ideas, which he believes exists as an objective and universally reliable real world composed of forms and ideas, the so-called "world of ideas". The world of ideas is an entity independent of individual things and human consciousness, and the eternal and unchanging idea is the "paradigm" of individual things, and the individual thing is the imperfect "shadow" or "copy" of the perfect idea. In the Nations, Plato speaks of an allegory:

A prisoner is locked in a hole, and there is a puppet show on the entrance of the cave, and its shadow is cast on the wall of the cave by the light of the fire at the entrance of the cave, and the prisoner sees only these shadows, and when the prisoner is released, he sees the puppet, sees the fire, and realizes that what he saw before is only the shadow of these things, and when he climbs out of the hole, sees the real thing, and sees the sun, he realizes that the puppet fire and the like he saw before are just imitations of the real thing and the sun. Plato's fables about real things and the sun are metaphors for his world of ideas, while puppets and the like are metaphors for the real world, and he thinks that the world of ideas is more real and perfect than the real world.

1. This statement is wrong.

2. Materialism and idealism, agnosticism and agnosticism, as two pairs in philosophy, are independent of two different aspects of the basic problem of philosophy (that is, the relationship between thinking and being), and there is no direct relationship between the two, but there is a cross-relationship. That is, idealistic philosophy can be agnosticism or agnosticism, but materialist philosophy is mostly an agnostic philosophy.

3. The basic problems of philosophy and their contents.

The basic questions of philosophy have two aspects: the first is the question of what is the origin of thinking and existence, consciousness and the age of things. There have always been two fundamental differences on this issue, and as a result, two camps, two basic factions, and two opposing lines have been formed in philosophy.

All philosophical schools that believe that consciousness is primary and matter is secondary, that is, consciousness precedes matter, matter depends on consciousness for existence, and matter is the product of consciousness belongs to idealism; Any philosophical school that believes that matter is primary and consciousness is secondary, that is, matter precedes consciousness and consciousness is the product of matter belongs to materialism.

Another aspect of the fundamental problem of philosophy is the question of the identity of thinking and being. The vast majority of philosophers, including materialist philosophers and some idealist philosophers, have affirmed this aspect. However, materialism and idealism have different solutions to this problem in principle.

Materialism is based on the recognition of the objective existence of the material world and its laws, and the recognition of thinking as a reflection of existence, and the recognition of the world as knowable; Idealism, on the other hand, regards the objective world as the product of thinking and spirit, and believes that knowing the world is the self-knowledge of the spirit. There were also philosophers such as DHume and I

Kant, who denied the possibility of knowing the world, or denied the possibility of knowing the world thoroughly, were agnostics in the history of philosophy.

Generally speaking, all materialism and radical idealism are agnostic.

Starting from the basic viewpoint of the primacy of matter and the secondness of consciousness, materialism holds that consciousness is a reflection of the functions and objective existence of the human brain, and that consciousness is the product of nature in the final analysis, and that it is consistent with the nature of nature, so that it can understand the external natural world.

Radical idealism holds that the external world is a product of human consciousness, so that the spirit and mind can naturally recognize the natural world, the product of themselves.

Therefore, the only people who advocate agnosticism are skeptics and dualists, not that all idealists are agnostic, but agnosticists are idealists.

Objective idealism and agnosticism are two different philosophical perspectives that differ markedly in their understanding of the nature of reality and their epistemology.

Objective idealism holds that consciousness, mind, or spirit are the basis and decisive factor of reality, but they are objective, i.e., they exist independently of the subjective consciousness of the individual. Objective idealists believe in the existence of a universal consciousness or universal spirit that transcends the individual, and that this consciousness or elaborate implies that God has objective existence and objective attributes.

Agnosticism (or the paradox of epistemology) is a view of knowledge that holds that humans cannot obtain true knowledge or definite knowledge of reality. Agnostics believe that human cognition is limited and incapable of attaining conclusive and absolute knowledge about reality.

Although both objective idealism and agnosticism involve the thinking of knowledge and reality, they differ in their concerns and perspectives. Objective idealism is concerned with the decisive role of consciousness or spirit in reality and its objective existence, emphasizing the objectivity of consciousness or spirit. Agnostic key-matching theory, on the other hand, focuses on the limitations of human cognition of reality, arguing that we cannot obtain conclusive knowledge.

It is important to note that objective idealism and agnosticism are both complex philosophical perspectives, with different variants and interpretations. In addition, there are many different philosophical views and theories about the nature of knowledge and reality, and the discussion of these issues involves numerous philosophical schools and traditions of thought.

There is no agnosticism in materialism, only idealism can be divided into knowability and agnosticism, and skepticism should correspond to absolutism.

Materialism acknowledges that the world is knowable, but denies the existence of omniscient beings. Materialism recognizes that the above assertion contains a contradiction, but does not try to resolve this contradiction, but admits it. Unitarianism also acknowledges the existence of contradictions.

According to the number of primitives, materialism is divided into two types, monism and dualism. Monist materialism recognizes only one primordial principle of matter, which is also called mechanical materialism.

Dualist materialism recognizes the two primordial principles of matter and motion, also known as dialectical materialism. Dialectical materialism does not distinguish between the movement of nature and the movement of man, nor does it distinguish between production, practice and speculation between the movement of man, believing that they are essentially the same and can be uniformly measured by time.

There are two types of idealism, dualism and triadism. In addition to acknowledging the primordial nature of matter, triadistic idealism also distinguishes between two primitives: higher motion (speculative) and lower motion (other motion), arguing that higher motion can measure lower motion, while lower motion cannot measure higher motion. Dualistic idealism does not recognize the origin of matter, and is otherwise identical to triadistic idealism.

To sum up, the common disciplines of materialism and idealism are physics and ethics (including aesthetics, morality, economics, political science, etc.). The discipline peculiar to materialism is logic (including first philosophy, metaphysics, etc.). Materialist celebrities include Russell, Mozi, Marx, and Engels, and idealistic celebrities include Hegel.

It is necessary to determine whether the subject is a materialist, an idealist, or an agnostic. The subject needs the following two questions.

First, thinking and being, who decides whom, who is primordial, who is derived.

Second, whether the mind can correctly reflect existence.

The fundamental difference between materialism and idealism lies in the opposite of thinking and being, which is the original principle of the world.

Anyone who believes that existence determines thinking and existence is the origin of the world is classified as materialism.

Anyone who believes that thinking determines existence and that thinking is the origin of the world falls into idealism.

Anyone who thinks that the mind can correctly reflect existence is agnosticism, and vice versa is agnosticism.

This view is incorrect.

1) Materialism and idealism are divided by the different answers of righteousness to the first aspect of the fundamental question of philosophy (the question of the origin of the world, or the question of what is the primacy of thinking and being), while agnosticism and agnosticism are divided by different answers to the second aspect of the fundamental question of philosophy (whether thinking and being are identical), and the two are both related and different.

2) The basic view of materialism is to assert that matter is the origin of the world, and consciousness is the reflection of matter, therefore, materialism admits that thinking and existence have the same nature, and both are agnosticism, and idealism advocates that consciousness is the origin of the world, which is of course wrong, but thorough idealists believe that the human mind can know the spirit as the origin of the world, and therefore it is also agnostic. Only a small number of incomplete idealists believe that the world is unknowable or that the mind can only know phenomena but not the essence of things, and deny the identity of thinking and beingHume is one of the main exponents of modern European agnosticism.