What are the characteristics of young children s joints What are the main characteristics of bones,

Many people think that rheumatoid arthritis is only affected by the elderly, but in fact, it is a highly morbidized and harmful autoimmune disease, which not only affects the elderly, but also children. If the diagnosis and treatment are not carried out in time, it will lead to the disability of the child and affect the whole life, so the majority of parents need to pay attention, and the following is an introduction to the symptoms and characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in children, I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Polyarticular type: more common in school-age children. It is characterized by progressive polyarthritis followed by joint destruction.

Arthritis can progress from one side to the other side, from small joints to large joints, first migratory and then fixed and symmetrical. Swelling, pain, and limited movement occur during the attack, and the joint is deformed and rigid. Systemic symptoms are mild.

3. What are the symptoms and characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in children? Systemic disease (STILL) is more common in young children. Fever is the main symptom of this type, which is a flaccid fever that can last for weeks or months, and resolves spontaneously but easily**.

It is accompanied by a transient polymorphic rash that often appears and disappears as body temperature rises. Joint symptoms are mild, and in some cases, symptoms of polyarthritis appear later. Most have enlarged liver, spleen, and lymph nodes.

The pleura, pericardium, or myocardium may be affected.

The above is an authoritative introduction of experts on the symptoms and characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis in children, rheumatoid arthritis in children is complex, mostly caused by trauma, environmental and psychological reasons, in addition, it is also affected by genetic factors, so it is best to actively carry out ** after the discovery of this disease to avoid more serious harm.

What are the main characteristics of bones, joints, muscles in preschool children?

In children's bones, organic matter and inorganic salts account for half each. Due to the difference in proportion, pediatric bones have the following characteristics: (1) It needs to be continuously calcified.

Children are in an important period of growth and development, and the continuous growth of height is actually the continuous growth of bones. Bones originally came in the form of cartilage, which had to be calcified to become a hard bone. In the process of calcification of the bones, calcium and phosphorus are needed as raw materials, and vitamin D is also needed to promote the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus.

Children who lack vitamin D can develop rickets (plexiflex chondrosis). Therefore, taking more children to the sun can prevent the occurrence of rickets. (2) Rich in elasticity and easy to deform.

Children's bones are soft and elastic, and they are easily affected by poor posture and deformity, such as hunchback, scoliosis, etc. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the correct posture of the child sitting, walking and standing.

The shoulder joint consists of the glenoid of the femoral head and scapula. The femoral head is large, the glenoid is shallow, the joint capsule is relaxed, and the biceps longus tendon passes through. The upper arm of the joint capsule is strengthened by the coracohumeral ligament, the shoulder joint is surrounded by the deltoid muscle, and the lack of protection below is weak, and the shoulder joint is the most flexible joint in the body, which can be flexed, extended, adducted, extended, pronated, pronated, and circumnavigated.

The elbow joint is a compound joint and includes three joints, namely the humeral-radial joint composed of the humeral head and the radial head joint concave, the humeral-ulnar joint composed of the trochlear notch of the humerus and ulna, and the proximal radioulnar joint composed of the radial head articular surface and the radial notch of the ulna. The three joints are encased in a joint capsule, the anterior and posterior walls of the capsule are thin and relaxed, the medial and lateral walls are tense, and the radial collateral ligament and ulnar collateral ligament are strengthened. The lower part of the capsule has the radial annular ligament.

In early childhood, the radial head is still developing, the radial annular ligament is flaccid and lacks protection, and when the anterior wall is suddenly and violently pulled, the radial head can prolapse downward, called the radial head subluxation. The elbow joint is mainly used for flexion and extension, and can also participate in the pronation and supination of the forearm. When the elbow is extended, the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus and the olecranon of the ulna are in a straight line, and when the elbow is flexed at 90 degrees, the three points form an isosceles triangle.

In the posterior dislocation of the elbow, the position of the three points changes.

Hip. It consists of the acetabulum and the femoral head, the acetabulum is deep, and the periphery is attached to the acetabular labium. The transverse acetabular ligament rests on the acetabular notch.

The joint capsule is thick and tough, the front of the femoral neck is completely wrapped, and the posterior lateral third is not surrounded by the joint capsule, so the femoral neck fracture is divided into inside and outside the capsule. The joint capsule is strengthened by ligaments, and there is a strong iliofemoral ligament in the anterior, which restricts excessive posterior extension of the hip joint and plays an important role in maintaining the body's upright posture, but the posterior lower part lacks ligaments. The hip joint can do flexion, extension, extension, pronation, and circumference.

Knee joint. The knee joint is composed of the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia and the patella, and is the largest and most complex joint in the human body. The joint capsule is thin and flaccid.

Ligaments are strengthened both inside and outside the capsule, with anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments in the capsule, and patellar ligament, fibular collateral ligament, and tibial collateral ligament outside the capsule. There is a related disc in the joint capsule (inner C outer O-shaped). It has a synovial sac and pterygoid folds.

A joint refers to the movable connection between a bone and a bone, generally consisting of an articular surface and a joint capsule.

and the joint cavity The characteristics of the joint are both firm and flexible The structural characteristics of the joint are as follows: the joint capsule and the ligaments inside and outside the capsule firmly connect the two bones together; The structural characteristics of making the joint movement flexible are: the joint surface is covered with a layer of smooth articular cartilage, and the inner surface of the joint capsule can also secrete synovial fluid, which can reduce the friction between the two bones during exercise and cushion the vibration during movement, and there is a small amount of synovial fluid in the joint cavity The synovial fluid has the effect of lubricating the articular cartilage, which can reduce the friction between bones and make the movement of the joint flexible and free

So the answer is: robustness and flexibility.

Knee: Consists of the lower end of the femur, the upper end of the tibia, and the skeleton.

The knee joint can be flexed and extended, and the calf can still be rotated when the right half is flexed.

Elbow: It is composed of the lower end of the humerus and the ulnar, and the upper end of the radius, including the humeral-ulnar joint, the humeraldial joint, and the radial-ulnar joint.