What are the specific methods for studying the psychology of preschool children

Children's mental health problems are the most common, the most obvious is depression, for children and young people, learning is the only daily task, but because some children do not do well and have not been able to keep up, so they are not focused, resulting in a decline in grades. When I see other children, especially some outstanding students, have good grades and fast learning and training, so as to compare, the students who can't keep up with the learning and training are more negative and can't bear the mental pressure.

As a result, some students are willing to degenerate, and even depressed, pessimistic, and misanthropic.

Some children are not talkative, do not speak well with others, and when they enter the school gate and enter a new field, they are unable to communicate effectively with others. At the same time, there are also some dormitory students who have problems in the dormitory in areas such as getting along with others and integrating into the lifestyle. In addition, coupled with the frequent testing and academic pressure, they are unable to effectively solve this problem, and are often in an anxious state of mind, resulting in anxiety and depression.

How parents should pay attention to their children's psychological problems: Comments on children should be led by incentives. Many parents will just praise their children when they are doing well, and when they are not doing well, they will scold their children and say some things that are not very good to their children.

Parents should not only understand and blame their children, but should help their children find the cause of their poor performance, and then take certain effective measures to give a lot of care and correct guidance. Therefore, in response to children's mistakes and unsuccesses, parents should establish an accurate concept of education and adopt scientific family education methods. That will be more harmful to the child's physical and mental health.

Every child likes to live in a loving and warm family, and such a child will feel a sense of belonging, and will be confident and cheerful in everything he does. Therefore, parents do not have to reveal their unsatisfactory work and their differences with their relatives in front of their children. Since this kind of thing has little to do with the child, the child will think that he has made a mistake and immerse himself in fear and guilt.

Therefore, building a warm family environment plays a particularly important role in the physical and mental health of children.

Preschoolers are born without a wide variety of human mental processes. The development of various mental processes has certain laws and development directions, and these laws and development directions have objective laws and are not transferred by human will. Exploring the occurrence and development trend of various psychological processes in preschool children is one of the important research contents of preschool psychology.

The study of preschool child psychology subjects children from birth to elementary school (0-6 years). Preschool child psychology is a science that studies the laws of children's psychological development from birth to school. Broadly speaking, pre-school education refers to the period from birth to primary school (0 6 years old).

The research object of preschool child psychology is the development of children's psychology at that age.

The general laws of psychological development of preschool children. There are individual differences in the psychological development of preschool children, but their development process is from simple, concrete, passive, and chaotic to more complex, abstract, active, and systematic, and their development trends and sequences are roughly the same. The psychological characteristics of children of the same age are about the same; The process of children's psychological development does not take place in isolation, but is influenced by a variety of factors such as genetics, education, and environment. The action of these factors is regular.

All this shows that the psychological development of preschool children is restricted by objective laws, including the laws that restrict the process of psychological development of preschool children itself and the laws that restrict the role of various factors that affect the psychological development of preschool children.

When it comes to psychology, many people would consider it mysterious and difficult to understand. In fact, psychological phenomena are not only the most common and familiar phenomena for human beings, but also the most complex and profound phenomena in the universe. The development of sensation and perception in preschool children, the development of attention in preschool children, the development of memory in preschool children, the development of representation in preschool children, the development of imagination in preschool children, the development of thinking in preschool children, the development of language in preschool children, the development of emotions in preschool children, the development of will and action in preschool children, the development of personality in preschool children, and the development of character and abilities in preschool children.

The research is that when children are young, there will be some problems in their hearts, and there are some actions made by children, which imply unique meanings, and then psychological problems can also be prevented.

Study the child's psychological state, study how the child will behave in different psychological states, and how.

It is mainly to study the law of psychological development of children aged 0 to 6 years, so that they will fully understand the child and better education.

Empirical Research Methods - The British philosopher Bacon said: "Science is the science of experiments, and science consists in organizing perceptual materials by rational methods." Observation, induction, analysis, comparison, observation and experimentation are the main conditions for the rational method.

Child psychology, like other sciences, emphasizes the rational way of organizing emotional material. Specifically, it is embodied in the following three methods.

1 Observation MethodObservation method is a method of observing the changes in children's words and deeds under certain conditions in a planned and purposeful manner, making detailed records, and then analyzing and processing them, so as to judge the characteristics of their mental activities. Observation is the most basic method of scientific research. Through observation, people can gather the most direct information, including the occurrence and development of the event, the process and related data.

According to different dimensions, observational methods are divided into the following specific types. In terms of time, it is divided into long-term observation and regular observation.

Long-term observation refers to the continuous systematic observation of the researcher over a long period of time, the accumulation of data, and the collation and analysis of data. Regular observation refers to continuous observation at certain intervals (e.g., once a week) and a summary after a certain period of time. In terms of scope, it is divided into comprehensive observation and key observation.

Comprehensive observation refers to the simultaneous observation and recording of several psychological phenomena in the same study. Focused observation refers to the observation and recording of only one psychological phenomenon in the same study. In terms of scale, it can be divided into group observation and individual observation.

Group observation is when the researcher observes a group of children and records the various behaviors that occur in this group.

Individual observation, also known as the case method, is the specific observation of a particular child. The case method is one of the simplest and most straightforward methods of psychological research, which has the role of enlightenment and pilot.

2 Survey method: The survey method includes four methods: conversation method, questionnaire method, test method and product analysis method.

3 Experimental method.

What are the research methods in preschool child psychology? Compare the pros and cons of each.

The research method is observational. The observation master observes the changes in children's words and deeds under certain conditions in a planned and purposeful manner, makes detailed records, and then analyzes and processes them, so as to judge the characteristics of their mental activities. The pros and cons are whether it is suitable for each method and for different people, there are no absolute pros and cons.

The basic principles of studying the psychology of preschool children are: the principle of objectivity, the principle of development, and the principle of education.

1) The principle of objectivity.

Because both the research and the studied are "people", both have subjective consciousness, which will make the material subjective, so it is particularly strong in psychological research to make a tone based on the factual materials of the full prosperity of things.

2) Developmental principles.

It is necessary to study the cardiac fluid tolerance of preschool children from the perspective of development, not only to pay attention to the psychological characteristics that have been formed, but also to pay attention to the new characteristics that have just sprouted and their development trends.

(iii) Educational principles.

Research work will always have a greater or lesser impact on the psychology of preschool children, and the research process itself is often an educational process, so the researcher must be responsible for the physical and mental development of children. This is a work ethic that researchers must follow.

Child Psychology Research Methods:

1. Observation.

Psychologists believe that the most typical research method of child psychology is observation, which is established by careful observation, and observation is the main method of reflecting objective facts. Parents must be selective when observing their children, and must not stare at their children all the time, which will cause children to be disgusted. It also requires the observer to grasp the principle that the method should be combined with the point of view, and the result is only correct if the point of view is correct.

2. Experimental method.

In order to facilitate the observation of parents, they will change the child's living conditions and see what kind of changes occur in the child's psychology in different environments, which is called the experimental method. However, this method of observation is not suitable for children under 3 years of age, so it has certain limitations. Combining observation with nature is called natural experimentation.

3. Clinical method.

When dealing with children with psychological problems in clinical methods, it is necessary to extrapolate the causes from the results to study and figure out why the children have some typical behaviors, and after knowing the reasons, they will know how to deal with them, and gradually the child's psychology will be normal, which is of great significance to the development of normal children.

4. Statistical method of test.

Although the quantitative statistics method has certain limitations, it can still be used as a research method, that is, when you collect statistics, you should not be confused by superficial phenomena, and you must observe carefully.

The most important thing about the basic method in children's minds should be that it is more annoying, and there is the taxonomy.

If you want to study the basic methods of children's psychology, you need to look at the study of children's psychology in this area.

What is the basic method of studying children's psychology, which requires more contact with children and children, and a certain amount of communication.