During the Song Dynasty in China, was it right or wrong to emphasize literature over military force?

In fact, in the understanding of the rulers at that time, it was the national policy of the Song Dynasty to emphasize literature over military force, and the five dynasties and ten kingdoms of the vassal kings were divided, and the melee lasted for many years. In that case, there is no right or wrong, only the limits of understanding.

I think this approach is wrong, because in this way, the Song Dynasty has no generals who can fight, and it is very passive in foreign wars.

There are pros and cons, and the heavy text has made the culture of the Song Dynasty, including medicine, have developed greatly. However, light military force allowed it to be invaded by foreign tribes in the later period, resulting in the weakening of the national power.

As we all know, during the Song Dynasty in China, the strategy of emphasizing literature over military force was implemented. During the Song Dynasty, the strategy of emphasizing literature over military force was mainly manifested in three aspects. These three aspects are mainly manifested in the great power, high status, and good treatment of civil officials.

1. A brief description of the Song Dynasty The most impressive thing about the Song Dynasty in the historical development of our country is that there are two extremes. First of all, during the heyday of our country, the economy was very developed, and many new inventions appeared. At that time, the whole society was promoting democracy, the economy was prosperous, the politics were stable, and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.

This is one of the best aspects that the Song Dynasty has done relative to other dynasties in history. Another bad aspect of the Song Dynasty was that the rulers of the Song Dynasty implemented a strategy of emphasizing literature over military force. Because of the implementation of the strategy of emphasizing civilians over military force, the military strength of the entire country has gradually weakened, resulting in a large part of the country's people often being oppressed by surrounding countries.

Second, the performance of emphasizing literature over military force During the Song Dynasty, the state implemented the strategy of emphasizing literature over military force, which greatly inhibited the development of military generals, resulting in the gradual weakening of the country's military strength. During the Song Dynasty, the status of civil officials was much higher than that of military officials. During the Song Dynasty, some important policies of the state were formulated with the participation of civilian officials, and military attaches generally did not have the opportunity to participate.

Therefore, during the Song Dynasty, civil officials held most of the real power in the imperial court, while military officials only had no real power. In addition, the status of civil officials during the Song Dynasty was much higher than that of military officials. During the Song Dynasty, the rulers also made a special rule not to kill scholars.

Because the civil officials in the Song Dynasty had relatively large power, the civil officials were treated in the court, and naturally they were treated much better than those of military officials. Moreover, the speed at which civil officials were promoted in the court was much faster than that of military attachés. Therefore, during the Song Dynasty, there were many civil officials who looked down on military attachés.

3. OverviewThe Song Dynasty's strategy of emphasizing civil affairs over military force led to the weakening of military power during the Song Dynasty, and the status of civilian officials was much higher than that of military attachés.

There is no such thing as a policy of "emphasizing literature over military force".

"Emphasizing literature over military force" is an inevitable political phenomenon produced by the dynasties that basically achieved reunification after the Tang Dynasty.

In the Kaiyuan Dynasty, Zhang Jiazhen, Wang Hui, Zhang Shuo, Xiao Song, and Du Xian all entered the governor's affairs with the degree of moderation, and Lin Fu was in the position, and he wanted to Du out of the source of the phase. ”

For a big country, internal affairs are inevitably more important than side affairs, which makes the administrative ** in the center of the country must be in a dominant position, and personnel is politics, and these administrative ** who occupy a dominant position in the center will inevitably control the army through personnel means to let people who are the same or close to themselves in terms of origin and political views, and belong to a circle with themselves.

Before the Song Dynasty, most of the **administrative** came from the big families, and their circles were demarcated by family relationships, marriages and other family relationships. After the Song Dynasty, it was the same year, classmates, and teacher-student relationship between the scholars of the imperial examination. And the real professional soldiers, they are the Han clan who have no one in the court, and in any dynasty, they cannot be "heavy".

In the Tang Dynasty, before the Anshi Rebellion, it was clear that among the military generals whose origins could be examined, the most were born in the official eunuch family, followed by the imperial examination, and far more were born in the military than in the army. The generals from the Eastern Han Dynasty did not become more than a Zhonglang general before Dong Zhuo wholesaled the general.

The Song Dynasty's policy of emphasizing literature over military force was very short-sighted, and even had considerable limitations, which would produce more drawbacks, after all, every dynasty was a power out of the barrel of a gun, and Zhao Kuangyin, the Taizu of the Song Dynasty, himself also rebelled and became the emperor, but in fact, it was not. At the beginning of each new dynasty in ancient times, the ruler would mostly summarize the reasons for the demise of the previous dynasty and formulate the best policies so that the dynasty could prosper and survive for a long time. Although this policy implemented by Zhao Kuangyin is very wrong from the perspective of today's people, the Song Dynasty also survived for more than 300 years in that era of frequent wars.

During the period of feudal rule, the rulers of a country usually did not think too much about their army not being strong enough, but would worry that the army was too strong and threatened their position, and the rulers of the Song Dynasty did think the same way, they felt that as long as they held on to the elite troops to be able to deal with the rebellion that might occur in the country at any time, it was enough, which directly gave birth to the Song Dynasty's forbidden army system.

The Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties have always been in the order of dynasties that we are very familiar with, but in fact, there was a turbulent era of more than 70 years during the Tang and Song dynasties, which was the period of five dynasties and ten kingdoms. The Tang Dynasty is also a stage of military strength, when the Tang Dynasty's ** army was mainly managed by eunuchs, in ancient times, having military power means having the power to control the country, this situation developed more and more at the end of the Tang Dynasty, when a number of separatist forces, and there were many generals to seize the imperial power. One of the most significant features of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms is that military generals rule the country, and military generals are naturally warmongers, which creates an iron-clad army of emperors in that period.

This is why Zhao Kuangyin, who was originally a military general and rebelled, staged a wonderful cup of wine to release the military power, in order to directly nip the military general's chaotic government in the bud.

At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the main territory was in the Central Plains and the Jiangnan region, and when the Song Dynasty arrived, it could only hold on to the south of the Huai River. At that time, although the Northern Song Dynasty and both sides had battles from time to time, in fact, the Northern Song Dynasty had always been on the weak side in the battle, and it was difficult to cause great trouble to both sides whether it was offensive or defensive. Because the Song Dynasty used the property for the development of military strength to develop other aspects, ** has always been the proud industry of the Song Dynasty, and at that time it was not only engaged in military struggles with Western Xia and Liao, but also engaged in ** wars.