What are the sequelae of hydronephrosis? 250

The hazards of hydronephrosis complications are as follows: Hazard 1: Urinary tract infection due to urinary stagnation in the kidneys and ureters, resulting in the growth and reproduction of bacteria, resulting in pyelonephritis, ureteritis, cystitis or periphritis.

Hazard 2: Kidney atrophy. Renal atrophy is the main hazard caused by hydronephrosis.

Due to obstruction of urinary output, the renal pelvis is enlarged, the intrarenal pressure increases, and the renal tissue blood vessels are compressed, resulting in renal ischemic progressive atrophy and destruction, and renal function is impaired. In more severe cases, the kidneys become large, non-functioning pouches. In patients with mild hydronephrosis, the morphology of the renal pelvis can be restored when the hydronephrosis obstruction is relieved; In severe hydronephrosis, the atrophied kidney tissue is difficult to repair.

Hazard 3: Kidney stone formation Stone obstruction of the urethra complicated by hydronephrosis, which in turn induces stone formation, is cause and effect of each other. Infected flora, pus, necrotic shedding tissue cells become the core of kidney stone formation, especially the precipitation of infected urine salt crystals will accumulate into stones.

Generally speaking, the more common sequelae of hydronephrosis is that the hydronephrosis is more severe, which leads to renal insufficiency, and even the complete loss of kidney function.

In addition, the sequelae of hydronephrosis can also cause infection of this allergy system, which can lead to a more serious infection in the kidneys, which leads to this kidney keelung. In view of such sequelae, some patients are more serious, and even septic shock can occur, especially for elderly patients, if there is this septic shock, it is easy to be life-threatening, so if hydronephrosis is found, we should carry out active **.

Long-term hydronephrosis may lead to kidney function damage, renal cortex thinning, nephron damage, etc.

The renal pelvis and calyces dilate due to obstruction of the urinary system, in which urine is retained, collectively known as hydronephrosis. Because urine accumulates in the kidneys, the pressure increases, causing the renal pelvis and calyces to enlarge and the renal parenchyma to shrink.

Extended Materials. There are two causes of hydronephrosis: congenital and acquired, as well as hydronephrosis caused by extraurinary tract and lower urinary tract**.

Congenital obstruction**.

1.Segmental dysfunction is due to segmental muscle absence, hypoplasia, or anatomical disturbance at the ureteropelvic junction or upper ureter, which affects the normal peristalsis of the ureter, resulting in dynamic obstruction. If this lesion occurs at the entrance to the ureterobladder, a congenital megaureter is formed, with the consequence of renal and ureteral dilation and hydrops.

2.Intrinsic ureteral strictures mostly occur at the ureteropelvic junction of the renal pelvis and are usually 1 2 mm long but can be as long as 1 3 cm, resulting in incomplete obstruction and secondary distortion. Electron microscopy shows that there are too many collagen fibers around and between the cells of the obstructed segment, and the muscle cells are damaged over time, forming inelastic narrow segments dominated by collagen fibers, which hinder the transmission of urine and form hydronephrosis.

3.Ureteral twisting, adhesions, bands, or valve structures can be congenital or acquired, often occurring at the ureteropelvic junction and at the ureteral lumbar, and are almost common in children and infants2 3.

Patients tend to be asymptomatic for long periods of time and are not noticed until they develop an abdominal mass and a feeling of distension in the lower back. Masses are mostly found inadvertently, and there are usually cysts**. The pain is generally mild or even complete**.

However, in cases of intermittent hydronephrosis (due to ectopic vascular compression or renal prolapse), renal colic may occur, with severe pain that radiates along the costal margin and ureters. It is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, bloating, and oligouria. It usually resolves within a short time or hours, followed by the passage of a large amount of urine.

On examination, the enlarged kidney may be palpable. In the case of massive hydronephrosis, the tension is not very large.

1. Due to the obstruction of urine discharge, the renal pelvis is enlarged, the intrarenal pressure increases, and the renal tissue blood vessels are compressed, resulting in renal ischemic progressive atrophy and destruction, and renal function is impaired. In mild hydronephrosis, when the obstruction is relieved, the shape of the renal pelvis can be restored, while in severe hydronephrosis, the atrophied kidney tissue is difficult to repair and can become a non-functional large pouch. Renal atrophy is the main danger of hydronephrosis.

2 As the saying goes: "running water does not rot", because urinary stagnation is stuck in the kidneys and ureters, which is conducive to the growth and reproduction of bacteria, it is easy to be complicated by pyelonephritis, ureteritis, cystitis or perinephritis, etc., thereby causing urinary tract infection and endangering the health of the urinary system.

3 stones block the urethra complicated by hydronephrosis, hydronephrosis induces stone formation, the two are cause and effect of each other, the infected flora, pus, necrotic tissue cells, is the core of stone formation, especially the infected urine, there will be salt crystals precipitation, long-term accumulation will form stones.

4. Due to the thin renal parenchyma and excessive intrarenal tension, it is easy to cause traumatic rupture or spontaneous tensile rupture, complicated by acute peritonitis, which will seriously threaten life safety.

Severe hydronephrosis can lead to renal failure, hydronephrosis is mostly caused by upper urinary tract obstructive diseases, common causes are congenital ureteropelvic junction stenosis, ureteral stones, etc., long-term lower urinary tract obstructive diseases (such as prostatic hyperplasia) may also lead to hydronephrosis.

Hydronephrosis is caused by urinary tract obstruction, and the first thing to do is to remove the blockage, and there is no specific drug for hydronephrosis to treat the symptoms.

Hydronephrosis is more harmful, such as it may lead to serious damage to kidney function, etc., and it is important to deal with it.

One of the dangers of hydronephrosis is that it causes kidney atrophy. Renal atrophy is the main hazard caused by hydronephrosis.

Due to urinary tract obstruction, urine discharge is blocked, renal pelvis is enlarged, intrarenal pressure increases, and renal tissue blood vessels are compressed, resulting in renal ischemic progressive atrophy and destruction, and renal function is impaired. In severe cases, the kidneys become large non-functioning pouches. In mild hydronephrosis, when the obstruction is relieved, the shape of the renal pelvis can be restored, while in severe hydronephrosis, the atrophied kidney tissue is difficult to repair.

One of the hazards: it causes kidney stones. Infected microflora and necrotic tissue cells may become a major nucleus of stone formation. Experts warn that in particular, the infected patients have precipitated salt crystals in the urine, gradually accumulated and finally formed stones.

Harm 2: Cause kidney atrophy. When the patient has mild hydronephrosis symptoms, the patient's renal pelvis morphology can be restored after the obstruction is removed, but the atrophied kidney tissue of the patient with severe hydronephrosis may be difficult to repair.

Hazard 3: Because the patient's renal parenchyma is very thin, but the tension in the kidney is too large, it is easy to cause traumatic rupture, and the possibility of acute peritonitis increases.

Complications may include edema, toxemia. The greatest harm is death due to kidney failure.

In most cases, hydronephrosis is caused by urinary tract obstruction, such as urinary stones, which occur in the ureters and cause hydronephrosis to become blocked. When the tumor is blocked in the ureter, hydronephrosis can also occur, and long-term hydronephrosis may cause damage to kidney function In order to avoid the occurrence of kidney failure, hydronephrosis must be taken seriously.

Hydronephrosis is diagnosed clinically.

Active congenital and acquired in the process are also divided into mild hydronephrosis, moderate hydronephrosis and severe hydronephrosis according to the diagnosis of B-ultrasound. Hydronephrosis is a congenital condition in which the renal pelvis is widened, and we can also diagnose hydronephrosis in clinical practice. It's actually called an ampullary renal pelvis.

That is to say, the renal pelvis has a relatively large degree, but for the downstream ureter, it is relatively smooth, and the width and narrowness are also appropriate.

Generally, there will be no gratuitous end bai

Hydronephrosis du, most likely you have kidney stones. The long-term fruit of hydronephrosis is kidney function.

Energy failure, i.e., kidney failure. If the function of the opposite kidney is good, the affected kidney can be removed, and if the function of both kidneys is not good, dialysis is required. Therefore, you should go to the urology department of the hospital as soon as possible to understand the serious condition of hydronephrosis and find out the cause.

By the time it's time for dialysis, it's too late, and it's not a financial pressure that ordinary families can bear.

Hydronephrosis is generally caused by upper urinary tract stones, the principle of which is that urinary tract stones cause urine to enter the bladder poorly, causing increased tubular pressure leading to hydrofusion, long-term or severe hydronephrosis can cause increased pressure in the renal tubules, cause ischemia and necrosis, cause renal damage, and severe can cause acute renal failure.

Septonephrosis refers to the obstruction of urinary tract in which the discharge of urine secreted by the kidneys is impaired and accumulates in the kidneys, and after a long time, the renal pelvis expands and is called hydronephrosis. Severe hydronephrosis will cause the pressure in the renal pelvis and calyces to rise, which will affect the filtration of the glomeruli, affect the function of the kidneys, and the renal parenchyma will gradually shrink under compression. There are many causes of urinary tract obstruction that cause hydronephrosis, such as renal pelvis, congenital strictures at the ureteral junction, ureteral stones, tuberculous small bladder, prostatic hyperplasia, and urethral strictures.

Hydronephrosis is prone to bacterial secondary infection due to urine stasis.

Symptoms: (1) Generally asymptomatic, sometimes there may be dull pain or slight discomfort in the lower back.

2) In the case of secondary infection, frequent urination and urgency occur.

3) Bilateral hydronephrosis, prone to renal failure. Urine output is significantly reduced.

How to: Medicated health care.

Hydronephrosis is generally not administered by medication**, but can be used to prevent secondary infection and preserve kidney function until the urinary tract obstruction is relieved**

Antimicrobials: e.g. erythromycin, pioneermycin, etc.

Traditional Chinese Medicine**: Antibacterial Chinese medicine that can be used to clear away heat and detoxify, such as Bupleurum chinensis, Phellodendron chinensis, Skullcap, psyllium, etc.

Dietary health. Increase energy intake, but in order to avoid increasing the burden on the hydrated kidneys, it is not advisable to eat too many protein-rich foods. Energy intake is mainly based on carbohydrates and fatty foods.

If there is unilateral hydronephrosis, it is not necessary to limit the amount of water intake, and if there is bilateral hydronephrosis and renal dysfunction, the daily water intake should be limited.

If it is not serious, you can go to the hospital to take extracorporeal lithotripsy to discharge the stones of the ureter, and the hydronephrosis is caused by the stones blocking the ureters and the urine produced cannot completely flow into the bladder.

Not serious. Go to the hospital for a minimally invasive surgery, and it will take about ten days to recover.

Hello, according to your condition, you currently have severe hydronephrosis, which may lead to uremia if not eliminated in time.

Your condition is only mild hydronephrosis, not serious, I also had an experience before, a large stone fell into the ureter, causing moderate hydrops, and later after using Xiao Huamin's stone secret recipe, the stone was discharged small, and the stagnant water was emptied.

Surgery for hydronephrosis in adults** should be done early. Rational application of plastic surgery to correct the abnormality of the renal pelveropelvic junction and strive for greater recovery of renal function. If hydronephrosis is severe and the renal function is very seriously damaged, nephrectomy can be performed.

The principle of surgery is that the obstruction is mild, and when the dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces is severe, simple orthopedic surgery is performed; If the dilation is obvious, the narrow segment of the lesion and the over-dilated renal pelvis should be excised, and then anastomosis; In more severe cases, nephrectomy is performed. The success rate of surgery varies from one company to another, depending on the degree of renal pelvis and calyceal dilation, the functional status of the kidney, and whether the surgical method is reasonable, generally in 80% to 90%.

Be more cautious with hydronephrosis** and do everything possible to preserve the kidneys. There are generally several situations: Severe water accumulation on one side, light on the other:

It can be ** severe side first. In this way, there is no concern about renal insufficiency during surgery, and a successful operation can be used to increase the safety of contralateral surgery. On the milder side, the indications for surgery should be carefully determined, and their development can be closely observed if necessary.

Severe water accumulation on both sides: can be staged**, but it is still better to treat the heavier side first. The accumulation of water on both sides is light, and it should be carefully analyzed to determine the indications for surgery.

If renal drainage is required before the obstruction is relieved (if there is severe infection or bilateral lesions that have renal failure), a renal puncture and renal drain can be placed. At present, percutaneous puncture and drainage tube placement can replace the nephrostomy method of open surgery.

For ureters that need to be drained for a long time due to serious surrounding lesions (eg, cervical cancer, colon cancer), percutaneous puncture can be inserted into a double "J" catheter (or double pigtail catheter). The catheter is a silicone product, which is inserted antegrade into the ureter through the renal pelvis and enters the bladder through the ureteral obstruction. In this way, the urine of the renal pelvis can enter the bladder through the catheter and be discharged on its own, eliminating the inconvenience of carrying a nephrostomy tube and urinary reservoir.

The catheter acts as an internal drain, which is a suitable method for patients with advanced cancer or other dying diseases.

The occurrence of hydronephrosis indicates that it is still more serious, as soon as possible, hydronephrosis is usually caused by kidney stones, there is no drug remedies, if extracorporeal lithotripsy is effective, extracorporeal lithotripsy can be done. The most effective method is surgery, which is relatively large. Suggestions:

This disease should not be delayed, especially if there is a lot of hydronephrosis, it is easy to cause kidney function decline, and finally lead to uremia.