How big is the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang? How big is the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang?

How deep is the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang?

After archaeological exploration, the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang can be divided into two parts: the mausoleum area and the burial area. The cemetery covers an area of nearly 8 square kilometers, there are two inner cities and outer cities, the sealed soil is a square cone, the existing height is 76 meters, there are a large number of ground building relics and burial objects around. The mausoleum is the place where the coffin of Qin Shi Huang is placed, there are more than 400 burial pits and tombs around the mausoleum, the main burial pits have copper carriage and horse pits, rare birds and beast pits, stable pits and terracotta warriors and horses pits, etc., more than 50,000 important cultural relics have been unearthed over the years.

In 1980, a group of two-seated large-scale painted bronze chariots and horses were excavated in 1980, which is the largest and most ornately decorated, most realistic and complete ancient bronze chariot and horse found in China so far, and is known as the "bronze crown".

In December 1987, the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and the Terracotta Warriors and Horses were inscribed on the World Heritage List. Qin Shi Huang established the first unified multi-ethnic and centralized state in Chinese history in 221 BC.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, where the first emperor who hoped that his descendants would be emperors for generations, is located in Lintong District, 35 kilometers east of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, and is the first emperor cemetery in Chinese history. Historically, Qin Shi Huang recruited more than 700,000 craftsmen to build this mausoleum, which took 38 years to build, and also produced miracles.

In March 1974, the terracotta warriors and horses were "born" from a depth of 5 meters, which was the luck of several farmers and a historical necessity. Although it is located on the east side of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang up to 1 5 kilometers, with terracotta warriors.

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shi Huang with the first, second and third pits as the main body still covers an area of more than 300 acres, with a grand scale and majestic momentum.

The 8,000 terracotta warriors and horses are like resurrected legions, guarding the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang. Liu Zhancheng, the leader of the archaeological team of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shi Huang, said: "Although they are terracotta figurines, they are life-size, or wearing knee-length clothes, armor, holding long weapons, or waist leather belts, legs tied around legs, feet on the square mouth and head with pointed shoes, or black hair, blue robes, green faces, leaving people not only with the military power of the male entanglement, but also the life of the ancients 2,200 years ago." ”

The total area of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is 56 25 square kilometers (equivalent to the size of 78 Forbidden City). The original height of the tomb is about 115 meters, it is still as high as 76 meters, there are two walls inside and outside the cemetery, the circumference of the inner city is 3840 meters, and the circumference of the outer city is 6210 meters. The inner and outer city outlines have a city wall about 8-10 meters high, and there are still ruins remaining.

The burial area is in the south, and the dormitory and the hall complex are in the north.

The shape of the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is divided into two cities, the circumference of the inner city is 2525 meters, the circumference of the outer city is 6264 meters, the south is the center of the mausoleum, the mound is still 40 meters high, and the bottom is 485 meters and 515 meters of rammed earth hills.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is located 5 kilometers east of Lintong County, leaning on Lishan Mountain in the south and Weihe River in the north. In 1974, three terracotta warriors and horses pits were discovered on the east side of the mausoleum, which caused a sensation in the world and was called the most important archaeological discovery in the 20th century.

Mausoleum value

According to history, there are all kinds of palaces built in the underground palace, displaying all kinds of rare treasures, and digging up models of mountains, rivers, rivers and seas, and pouring mercury. There is a burial tomb without a coffin and a corpse near the underground palace, and the earliest existing slab tile epitaph in China has also been unearthed, as well as the annex building where the tomb was built, etc., with grand regulations. In recent years, a large number of bronze, lacquer, and silver wares have been unearthed near the mausoleum, and there are thousands of pottery painted terracotta warriors and horses.

On the east side of the cemetery, there are the burial tombs of the sons and princesses of the first emperor, and there are burial pits from the burial pit group where the terracotta figurines and live horses are buried. To the west of the cemetery is a cemetery for the burial of servants, as well as a place for making stones, firing bricks and tiles, and stacking building materials. In 1961, the imperial tomb was identified as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang covers an area of square kilometers. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is the mausoleum of the first emperor in Chinese history. It is the first batch of world cultural heritage in China, the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, and the national AAAAA-level tourist attraction.

It is located 5000 meters east of Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Meters at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang was built from the first year of King Qin to the second year of Qin II, which lasted 39 years.

It is the first large-scale and well-designed imperial mausoleum in Chinese history. The mausoleum is located in the southern part of the inner city. It is in the shape of an overturned bucket.

It is 51 meters high and has a base circumference of more than 1,700 meters.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang covers an area of square kilometers. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is the mausoleum of the first emperor in Chinese history. It is the first batch of world cultural heritage in China, the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units, and the national AAAAA-level tourist attraction.

It is located 5000 meters east of Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Meters at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain. The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang was built from the first year of King Qin to the second year of Qin II, which lasted 39 years.

It is the first large-scale and well-designed imperial mausoleum in Chinese history. The mausoleum is located in the southern part of the inner city. It is in the shape of an overturned bucket.

It is 51 meters high and has a base circumference of more than 1,700 meters.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is square kilometers.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, the mausoleum of the first emperor in Chinese history (259-210 BC), China's first batch of world cultural heritage, is located at the northern foot of Lishan Mountain, 5 kilometers east of Lintong District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province.

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang was built in the first year of the reign of King Qin (247 BC) to the second year of Qin II (208 BC), which lasted 39 years, and was the first large-scale and well-designed imperial mausoleum in Chinese history. There are two rammed earth walls inside and outside, symbolizing the imperial city and palace city of the imperial capital Xianyang. The mausoleum is located in the south of the inner city, is in the shape of a covered bucket, is 51 meters high, and the circumference of the bottom edge is more than 1,700 meters.

According to historical records, there are also various palaces built in the Qin Tombs, and many strange treasures are displayed. There are a large number of burial pits and tombs with different shapes and connotations around the Qin Tombs, and more than 400 have been discovered, including the terracotta pit in the "Eighth Wonder of the World".

The Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang is bordered by Li Mountain in the south and Weishui in the north, covering an area of 56 square kilometers, which is equivalent to the area of 78 Forbidden City, which can be described as very huge. Lishan is a branch vein at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains, stretching about 25 kilometers from east to west, about 7 kilometers wide from north to south, and about 1,000 meters above sea level.

Li Bai has a poem "700,000 prisoners, from Tuli Mountain", this sentence well reflects the scale of the construction of the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, "Historical Records" records that Prime Minister Li Si is the designer of the mausoleum, Shaofu Ling Zhang Han is the chief worker, and the mausoleum was built to collect 720,000 people in the world.

At its peak, it was close to 800,000 people, equivalent to 8 times the number of people who built the Pyramid of Khufu (the largest pyramid in ancient Egypt), and it took nearly 40 years to build it, and the construction time was twice that of the Pyramid of Khufu, and the amount of work was equivalent to 16 times that of the Pyramid of Khufu in terms of manpower and construction time, which shows how huge this project is.

Structural features

The whole cemetery can be divided into four levels, that is, the underground palace city (underground palace) is the core part, and the others are the inner city, the outer city and the outer city in turn, each with its own priority and priority.

The core of the cemetery is the underground palace. The Qinling underground palace is located under the enclosed soil in the southern half of the inner city, which is equivalent to the "palace city" during the lifetime of Qin Shi Huang.

This is followed by the inner city. The inner city is the key construction area of the Qin Cemetery, and the ground and underground facilities in the inner city wall are the most, especially the southern half of the inner city is more dense. The western area of the northern half of the inner city is the annex area of the temple, and the eastern area is the burial area of the harem personnel.

This layout makes it clear that the southern part of the inner city is the key district and the northern part is the annexary area. The connotation of the two facilities in the north and south belongs to the scope of the palace.

The outer city is the outer city, that is, the outer outline part between the inner and outer city walls, and the ground and underground facilities in the western area are the most dense, and the relics and relics have not been found in the south and north districts. This layout shows that the western area of the outer city is the key area, and its connotation is to symbolize the stables, gardens and garden temples in the capital. Compared to the inner city, it is clearly in a subordinate position.

Finally, there is the area beyond the outer walls. There are three cemeteries, brick kiln sites and stone quarries, etc., and the official office and Liyi building ruins of the cemetery supervisors were found in the north, which belong to the status of the most subordinate edge.