On the philosophical thought of the Art of War

"The Art of War", also known as "The Art of War", "The Art of War", "The Book of War", "The Book of Soldiers", "The Book of the Soldiers", etc., is the earliest existing military book in China, and it is also the earliest military work in the world, and is known as the "holy book of military science". There are about 6,000 words in total, and there are thirteen articles in total.

The Art of War is a brilliant treasure in the ancient Chinese military cultural heritage, an important part of the excellent traditional culture, its content is broad and profound, the ideology is rich and rich, the logic is meticulous and rigorous, and it is the concentrated embodiment of the essence of ancient military thought. The author is Sun Wu, a general of Wu who was originally from Le'an in Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period.

The Art of War is regarded as a military classic. It has a history of 2,500 years and has been studied throughout the ages. Li Shimin said, "Looking at the books of soldiers, there is no Sun Wu."

The art of war is strategy, and strategy is not a small trick, but a grand strategy and great wisdom. Today, Sun Tzu's Art of War has gone global. It has also been translated into many languages and also has an important place in the military history of the world.

Sun Tzu's Art of War bamboo slips were unearthed in Linyi.

One is the top of the attack, the second is the battle, the second is the army, and the bottom is the siege.

Second, it is necessary to fight as a last resort, and it is best to be expensive and not expensive for a long time, because the food is inferior to the enemy; First of all, it is invincible and invincible.

Three to the people but not to the people, to use the advantages and disadvantages to mobilize the opponent to grasp the initiative, the first to show the form and lure the enemy, but when the attack is dangerous, the situation is short and short!

Fourth, pay attention to the climate'Topography'Popular support'Generals'The impact of the organizational system on the military, in addition, intelligence work is very important, and it is indispensable to know oneself and know one's opponent's use.

Fifth, it is difficult to describe the other methods of taking detours as direct and taking difficulties as benefits, as well as some specific methods of military struggle and marching operations.

Supplement: 1 Take the detour as the straight --- although the road is far, although the enemy is numerous; However, the attack was unprepared and unexpected.

2. Take the suffering as the benefit--- give up the small profit and seek the big benefit, and the calculation will be calculated.

3 The Japanese often say that the wind forest is volcanic, and the god of war, Takeda Shingen, uses it as the banner of the army, and he must be coerced in every battle. It's just a sentence taken from the Chinese Art of War: its speed is like the wind, its speed is like a forest, the invasion is like fire, it is not moving like a mountain, it is difficult to know like a yin, and it is like a thunderbolt.

The main ideological content of The Art of War is:

First, in terms of strategy, it emphasizes the use of strategy to defeat the enemy; Second, it emphasizes the need to be able to make arrangements and arrange battles in accordance with local conditions; The third is to emphasize the comprehensive grasp of internal and external information, "knowing each other and knowing oneself, and not being defeated in a hundred battles"; Fourth, in terms of specific tactical skills, we advocate taking them by surprise, attacking them unprepared, and avoiding reality and making things virtual; Fifth, when striking at the enemy, it is necessary to seize the opportunity and seize the initiative in the overall strategy and tactics; Sixth, the highest level of guiding war is not to resort to bloodshed and violence; Seventh, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the situation of the war; Eighth, choose a good leader.

Introduction. Sun Tzu's Art of War, also known as "Sun Wu's Art of War".

Wu Sun Tzu's Art of War, "Sun Tzu's Book of Soldiers".

Sun Wubingshu is the earliest surviving military book in China and the earliest military book in the world, about 2,300 years earlier than Clausewitz's "On War", and is known as the "holy book of military science". There are about 6,000 words in total, and there are thirteen articles in total. The author was originally from Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period.

The country of Wu in Le'an.

General Sun Wu. The Art of War is a brilliant treasure in the ancient Chinese military cultural heritage and an excellent traditional culture.

Its content is broad and profound, its thinking is profound and rich, and its logic is meticulous and rigorous, and it is a concentrated embodiment of the essence of ancient military thought.

Know yourself and know your opponent, and you will not be defeated in a hundred battles;

1) "The Art of War" strategically emphasizes the use of strategy to defeat the enemy, "go to the army to fight and strategize" ("Attack Chapter"), the first-class commander always has to use strategy to win the opponent rather than the courage of the horseman, and force alone will not solve the fundamental problem.

Sun Tzu clearly stated in "The Art of War: Strategy" that the content of the strategy is mainly "five things": Tao, heaven, earth, general, and law; "Seven Strategies": The Lord has the way, the general has the ability, the heaven and the earth have it, the law is enforced, the soldiers are strong, the soldiers are trained, and the rewards and punishments are clear.

2) Emphasizing the need to be able to deploy and arrange battles according to local conditions. Because all external factors are in the process of changing, we must not adopt rigid formulas and promote empiricism and dogmatism.

Sun Tzu's Art of War: Fiction and Reality says: "Water is controlled by the ground, so soldiers win because of the enemy." Therefore, the army is impermanent, and the water is impermanent; Those who can take the enemy because of the change are called gods. ”

3) Emphasize a comprehensive grasp of internal and external information. "Knowing the other and knowing oneself, a hundred battles will not be defeated", (Sun Tzu's Art of War, Seeking Attack) "Knowing the heavens and knowing the earth, victory is infinite". (The Art of War: Topography).

4) In terms of specific tactical skills, advocate surprise, attack unpreparedness, and avoid reality and hypocrisy.

Sun Tzu's Art of War: The Strength of the Soldier says: "All those who fight, with the right match, with the odd victory." Therefore, those who are good and surprising are as infinite as heaven and earth, and inexhaustible as rivers. "In war, it is necessary to skillfully grasp the odd and the right, the virtual and the real, and skillfully use strategy to confuse the enemy, mobilize the enemy, and defeat the enemy.

5) When attacking the enemy, it is necessary to seize the opportunity in the overall strategy and tactics, grasp the initiative, and "those who are good at fighting will cause people but not others" "The Art of War: Fiction and Reality", so that the enemy will fall into passivity. The main ways to master the initiative are:

Waiting for work with ease: "The Art of War: Fiction and Reality" says: "Those who are on the battlefield first and treat the enemy will be lost, and those who will be on the battlefield and tend to fight will work." ”

Be prepared: "The Art of War: Nine Changes" says: "Therefore, the method of using war, there is no fear that it will not come, and I will wait for it."

Soldiers: "The Art of War: The Nine Lands" said: "The love of soldiers is the main speed, taking advantage of the lack of others, from the way of danger, attacking what is not quit." ”

6) The highest level of advocating and guiding war is not to adopt bloodshed and violence, but to "surrender without a fight, and the good will also be good" (Sun Tzu's Art of War: Strategy), and the ability to use various political and diplomatic means, strategy and wisdom to win the war at the lowest cost is success.

7) It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the situation of the war. "The Art of War: Attacking Chapters" proposes that there are five factors that affect the victory of war: "Those who know what they can fight and those who cannot fight win; The one who knows the few wins; The one who wants the same wins; Treat those who are not safe to win; The one who can but does not win wins. ”

Sun Tzu put forward the general strategic principle of "striving for the world with all aspects" and advocated the general strategic goal of "self-preservation and total victory".

Sun Tzu said: The law of the husband and the soldier, the whole country is the first, and the country is second; The whole army is the top, and the army is broken.

Followed by; The whole brigade is the first, and the broken brigade is second; The whole pawn is the first, and the broken pawn is second; The whole army is the first, and the army is second. Therefore, a hundred battles are won, and the good ones who are not good are also; A soldier who surrenders without a fight, and a good man who is good. Therefore, the upper and the conspiratorial, the second is the enemy, the second is the army, and the city is under the city.

The method of siege is only empty, and it is a last resortTherefore, make good use of soldiers.

The soldiers of the people are not wars, the cities of people are not attacked, and the country of people is destroyed instead of for a long time, and they will fight for the whole world.

Sun Tzu said: Those who are good at fighting in the past are invincible first, and then they can be defeated by the enemy. You can't win against yourself, but you can win against the enemy.

Therefore he who fights well can be invincible, and he who cannot make the enemy invincible. Therefore, it is said: victory can be known, but not done.

The invincible, keep also; The victor is also attacked. The rules are insufficient, but the offense is more than enough. The good defender is hidden under the nine earths, and the good attacker moves above the nine heavens, so he can protect himself and win all.

Sun Tzu's "completeness" refers to the goal of wholeness and comprehensiveness.

stratagem; It also refers to the means of preservation and the means of security.

The battle must be fully "known". "Knowledge" is the prerequisite for winning a war, the basis of military strategy, and the most basic content of war activities. Monarchs and generals must know the "five things and seven strategies", "fully know" the interests and disadvantages of using troops, "know the opponent and know themselves", and "foresee" the enemy's situation.

In short, the monarch and the commander should be "knowledgeable", "deeply known", and "prophetic", knowing the change, knowing the virtue and the law, knowing the heavens and the earth, and knowing the benefits and disadvantages.

Only by "knowing" can we "plan". All "plotting" and "winning".

Sun Tzu believes that "victory is possible". "Victory and blindness" is better than "being invincible first, waiting for the enemy to be victorious".

Excellent generals always constantly improve the standard and level of "victory", and pursue the victory realm of "skill", "ease", "god" and "wonder", which is also the realm of "total victory".

1. Know each other and know yourself, and you will not be defeated in a hundred battles.

Brief analysis: If we can have a deep understanding of the situation on both sides of the enemy, we will not lose or lose no matter how many battles we fight.

Personal opinion: The most famous sentence in "The Art of War" is usually said, know yourself and know your opponent, and win all battles.

Not only on the battlefield, but also in shopping malls, love scenes, and even fighting can use this principle, so take advantage of it.

Second, attack it unprepared and take it by surprise.

Brief Analysis: Attack where the enemy is not prepared, and act beyond the enemy's expectations.

Personal opinion: Attacking the opponent's weaknesses, attacking the opponent's unexpected places, the superior person whose IQ crushes the opponent, or the capable person who has more information than the opponent, often ends the battle in this way.

3. Move in line with the interests and stop at the interests of the non-profits.

Brief analysis: If it is profitable, I will act, and if it is not profitable, I will stop.

Personal opinion: It is human nature to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, but the ruler should tend to those big benefits, and avoid those sugar-coated harms!

For example, if you know that you go to bed early and get up early to be in good health, but you still stay up late to drink and play games for bad habits, stop it immediately!

You know that you can only succeed by struggling, but you still waste time by indulging in temporary pleasures, so stop immediately!

Fourth, the five elements are impermanent, the four times are impermanent, the days are short and long, and the months are life and death.

Brief analysis: Among the five elements, there is no one who is always invincible and undefeated; There is no season of the four seasons that is always the same; The sun shines for a long or short time, and the bright moon is cloudy and sunny.

Personal opinion: Everything in the world is always changing, your opponent is strong, you have to think that he will always grind the code one day will become decaying, if your opponent is weak, you should not take it lightly, but prepare for a rainy day.

The philosophical ideas contained in The Art of War include dialectical thought and ().

a.Subjective pretending to be hungry idealism.

b.Subjective materialism.

c.Simple idealism.

d.Naïve materialism.

Correct answer: Hall back d