What measures are used to regulate the ripening period of the grape annual fruiting

Under the conditions of the facility, the environmental conditions can be artificially controlled to meet the needs of the grapes. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, as long as people adopt corresponding agricultural technical measures according to the biological characteristics of grapes, it is completely achievable to make grapes bear fruit all year round. Based on the existing experience at home and abroad, the main measures to achieve the year-round fruiting of grapes are:

1) Use early-maturing varieties Varieties with early maturation period will mature correspondingly earlier under protected land conditions. In Beijing, the Chana cultivar matures at the end of July when cultivated in the open field, and can mature at the end of April under the conditions of protected land, which can be 3 months earlier than the open field.

2) Varieties with multiple fruiting habits Varieties with multiple fruiting habits can use secondary fruits, or even tertiary fruits. In the northern region, it is difficult for secondary fruits to ripen normally in the open field, with less sugar accumulation, high acidity and poor quality. However, under the condition of protected area, the development period of the fruit can be extended by heat preservation, and not only the secondary fruit can be fully ripe, but even the third fruit can be fully ripe.

This allowed the grapes to ripen from October to January.

3) Inhibition of grape dormancy Grapes begin to enter the dormant period after September, until March of the following year through the accumulation of low temperature to meet the needs of dormancy, and begin to sprout and grow when the temperature is suitable, generally after the beginning of April under open field conditions. However, it has been proven that the dormancy of the grapes can be suppressed, that is, the grapes can start a new growth cycle by taking measures to suppress dormancy and protect it before the grapes begin to enter dormancy. This allows the grapes to ripen earlier into February and March.

4) Break the dormancy of the grapes Grape conservation is usually cultivated after the grapes have passed the natural dormancy period. In the northern region, natural dormancy is generally lifted after mid-December. After that, the heat is kept warm, and the grapes are able to flowering and fruiting normally.

If you keep warm before this, there will often be uneven germination and poor flowering and fruiting. If it is necessary to keep warm before this and bring the ripening period forward to April, measures can be taken to break the dormancy.

To sum up, if the above measures can be scientifically and reasonably adopted, so that the cultivation of protected land and open field cultivation can be combined, so that the results of the four seasons can be achieved, the annual market can be done.

During the growth of the grapes, new shoots will first appear in the bud break stage, and the growth of branches and leaves will begin in 2 weeks, and in early June, the grapes will begin to bloom and enter the flowering period, at this time the branches and leaves will be pruned to increase the light. Wait until the end of June after the flowering into the fruiting period, then fertilization and maintenance to make the fruit full, at the end of August will enter the maturity period, you can pick the fruit, after which is the defoliation period, control the temperature to let it overwinter and wait for the next year's growth.

The first stage of grape growth is the bud break period, when the vine will grow new shoots, and the temperature needs to be controlled at about 10 to start the bud break. Temperature control and ploughing and weeding are done so that the vines can grow and bud better.

Usually two weeks after the vine has bud growth, it enters the shoot stage, when the shoots need sufficient nutrients to support their growth. It takes about 2 to 3 weeks to apply a thin nitrogen fertilizer solution to provide enough nutrients for the vines to grow vigorously.

Around June, the grapes will slowly bloom and enter the flowering period, which is also part of the grape growth process. During the flowering period, the grapes should be provided with sufficient light to allow the flowers to bloom better, and their lush foliage should be pruned to avoid the consumption of excess nutrients.

The vines bear fruit slowly after flowering, usually at the end of June when the flowers wither and bear fruit. In order to plump the grapes, it is necessary to spray phosphorus and potassium fertilizer once a week to make them better colored, and to spread film on the ground and prune the branches and leaves to increase the amount of sunlight so that the grapes can grow better.

At the end of August, the grapes reach ripeness, the fruit is fixed and soft, the sugar content increases dramatically, and the vines begin to stop growing foliage. Ripe grapes should be harvested in time to prevent them from rotting on the branches and affecting the health of the vines.

After the grapes are harvested, the vines will begin to lose their leaves due to the cooler climate and lower temperatures, so it is necessary to do a good job of autumn and winter maintenance, prune their residual branches, store nutrients in the roots and branches, and control the temperature to avoid low temperatures, so that the vines can shed their leaves and wait for the next year to grow again.

Promotes coloration: Remove the bagging of the grapes when they are ripe, and turn the ears to receive light for coloring. Harvested in batches:

Depending on the ripeness, the fruit is picked. Drought prevention and cooling: irrigation and cooling during long-term high temperatures, the soil is moist but not waterlogged.

Timely fertilization: timely application of well-rotted manure and compound fertilizer to promote vigorous growth of grapes.

1. Promote coloring

When the grapes are ripe, tear the lower part of the paper bag of the bagged fruit for ventilation, remove the paper bag after 16 o'clock in the afternoon the next day, and cut off the old leaves close to the fruit ear, gently turn the fruit ear, and receive full light, which is conducive to more uniform fruit coloring.

2. Pick in batches

The grapes will not all ripen at the same time, according to different ripeness, appropriate batches of picking, evenly colored fruit indicates that there is powder frost when the fruit can be picked first, at this time the picking flesh is moderately hard, can withstand storage and transportation.

3. Drought prevention and cooling

During the grape harvesting period, the ears and branches are easy to wilt during the long-term high temperature, which will affect the quality of the fruit and the growth of flower buds in the second year.

4. Timely fertilization

Grapes in the stage of ripe picking, is the vigorous period of the second growth of the root system, to replenish nutrients in time, the use of well-rotted manure or compost, mixed with compound fertilizer, after fertilization to cover 20-25 cm of soil, and timely watering to dilute the fertilizer.

The growth cycle of <> grapes is as follows: wound flow stage, bud stage, shoot growth stage, flowering stage, berry growth stage, berry ripening stage, defoliation stage, and dormancy stage. Among them, the budding growth period is about 40 days, the flowering period is 5-14 days, the berry growth period is 35-60 days (early-maturing varieties -80 days (medium-ripening varieties are more than 1 days (late-maturing varieties), the berry ripening period is 20-30 days, the defoliation period is 30-110 days, and the dormancy period is 130-200 days.

1. Grape growth cycle

1. Wound flow period: refers to the period from the flow of sap to the beginning of bud germination (when the temperature rises to 7-9, the sap begins to flow).

2. Budding period: refers to the period from budding to the beginning of leaf development (when the temperature rises to 10-12, germination begins).

3. New shoot growth period: refers to the period from budding to the cessation of growth of new shoots (when the temperature rises to about 20, it begins to bloom).

4. Flowering period: refers to the period from the beginning of flowering to the flowering.

5. Berry growth period: refers to the period from the beginning of the ovary to the time before the berry is colored.

6. Berry ripening period: refers to the period from when the fruit begins to soften until the fruit is fully ripe.

7. Defoliation period: refers to the period from the ripening of berries to the yellowing and falling off of leaves.

8. Dormancy period: refers to the period from the fall of leaves to the beginning of the flow of sap in the second year.

2. The time of each growth cycle of grapes

1. The germination period is generally about 40 days.

2. The flowering period is generally about 5-14 days.

3. The growth period of berries is related to the variety, the early ripening varieties are generally 35-60 days, the medium ripening varieties are generally 60-80 days, and the late ripening varieties are generally more than 80 days.

4. The ripening period of berries is generally about 20-30 days.

5. The defoliation period is generally about 30-110 days, and the specific time is related to the variety.

6. The dormancy period is generally about 130-200 days, and the specific time is related to the region.

The growth and development of the grapes during the year is carried out in regular stages, with two periods of vegetative growth and dormancy each year. The annual growth cycle of grapes can be divided into 8 phenological periods.

1 Wound flow phase.

2 Embryonic stage.

3 Shoot growth period.

4 Flowering period.

5 Fruit growth period.

6 Fruit ripening period.

7 Defoliation.

8 Dormant period.

Thank you for your patience, and here is the following for you. Grape ripeness control depends on many factors, such as climatic conditions, soil quality, grape variety, irrigation control, fertilization level and growing environment. To determine the optimal harvest period, the following factors need to be considered:

1.Brix: Changes in glucose have a great influence on the formation of grape taste and aroma.

Normally, grapes can be harvested when the sugar content exceeds 20 degrees brix. 2.Acidity:

The acidity in the grape has an important influence on the taste and flavor characteristics of the grape. The acidity of the grapes must be determined before harvesting, as grapes that are too acidic or too low can affect the quality of the wine. 3.

pH: The pH value of the grapes and the shelf life of the grapes. pH is generally considered to be optimal at the time.

4.Pigment content: The pigment in grapes is an important indicator of the color and depth of wine.

In general, the pigment content is highest during the final stages of the grape harvest. The above factors should be considered in combination with the grape varieties and the geographical location of the grapes. In order to determine the best harvest time, the ripeness of the grapes needs to be tested several times and at least two tastings are carried out before the harvest to determine the most suitable harvest time.

In this process, irrigation control and fertilization levels can be appropriately increased to help the grapes ripen quickly and increase the sugar value. I hope the above answers will be helpful to you<>

<> when the grapes are in the harvest period, after the grapes are harvested, the butyrylhydrazide solution can be sprayed to inhibit the growth of the grape branches; It is also necessary to spray foliar fertilizer in time to restore tree vigor and enhance the photosynthesis ability of leaves. At the same time, it is necessary to cultivate and weed, and carry out deep ploughing, which can not only retain water and fertilizer, but also promote the growth of new roots and shoots.

1. Grape harvest management

1. Control the branches.

After the grapes are harvested, the vine branches continue to spread and grow, depleting the nutrients of the tree. In order to prevent the grape branches from absorbing nutrients, a sprayable butyrylhydrazide solution inhibits its vigorous growth. At the same time, it is necessary to prune branches reasonably, leave more thick branches, and overly dense branches, weak branches, and diseased and insect branches should be thinned out as soon as possible.

2. Fertilization. After harvesting grapes, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed in time to restore the tree's potential and enhance the photosynthesis ability of the leaves. Every 10 days or so, a mixture of high-nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer and dipotassium phosphate can be sprayed.

It is necessary to apply a base fertilizer in autumn, and an acre of grape land needs to prepare more than 2,000 kg of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, circle fertilizer, compost and other organic fertilizers, and add 20kg of high phosphorus compound fertilizer, mix and ditch the application, and cover the soil in time after application.

3. Cultivating loose soil.

After harvesting the grapes, they should be cultivated and weeded in time, and deep ploughing should be carried out, which can maintain a certain degree of air permeability, water and fertilizer retention, and promote the growth of new roots and shoots.

4. Disease prevention and removal.

After picking grapes, 500 times of 50% gram wettable powder, 500 times of 65% zeb wettable powder, 1000 times of 70% methyl tobuzin wettable powder can be sprayed every 10 days, and other agents need to be sprayed alternately.

5. Reduce damage.

After harvesting the grapes, try not to cut off a lot of side shoots and old leaves, which will affect the growth and fruiting of the plants in the coming year. Generally, after harvesting, you can not pick the leaves, remove the tips less, and try to retain the strong branches and leaves.

6. Tidy up the orchard.

When harvesting grapes, the orchard will become dirty due to various operations, so it is necessary to clean the orchard in time after harvesting.

2. When is the season for harvesting and harvesting grapes?

1. When the grapes can be harvested.

Grapes can be harvested at the end of August and the beginning of September, but the grapes ripen at different times depending on the variety, so the specific harvest time of the grapes needs to be determined according to the grape variety.

2. Precautions when harvesting grapes.

1) When harvesting grapes, do not damage the trunk artificially.

2) When harvesting grapes, if the stems are too green, it is not ripe yet, and the harvest can be delayed for a while.

3) Supplies for harvesting grapes need to be soaked in medicinal solution before use.

4) When the grapes are about to be harvested, do not spray chemical fertilizers.

5) There should be no water or rotten leaves on the grapes, and the grapes should be wiped clean with a clean cloth before storage.

6) Generally, grapes should not be harvested on rainy and foggy days.