How should China develop the photovoltaic industry?

The development of China's photovoltaic industry in the past decade, along with the increasing global attention to the energy and environmental crisis, has experienced a stage of rapid development in the past decade. At the same time, China's economy is also experiencing leapfrog development, and its total economic output has jumped to the second place in the world, second only to the United States. As a major manufacturing country and energy consumer in the world, China's photovoltaic industry has played a very important role in the rapid development of the world's photovoltaic industry, and has also experienced several stages of ups and downs in industrial development.

On January 10, 2014, at the symposium on the integration of China's photovoltaic industry hosted by China Minsheng Bank, Mr. Wang Bohua, Secretary General of China Photovoltaic Industry Alliance, summarized and reviewed several important stages of the development of the photovoltaic industry in the past ten years. During the period of rapid development (2004-2008), with the introduction of the EGG Act in Germany, European countries vigorously subsidized and supported the photovoltaic power generation industry. In 2007, China surpassed Japan to become the world's largest producer of photovoltaic power generation equipment.

A number of photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises represented by Suntech Power and Jiangxi Saiwei have successively landed in the U.S. capital market and have been sought after by the market. The core raw material of photovoltaic power generation equipment - polysilicon exceeded 400 US dollars per kilogram.

China's photovoltaic industry has broad prospects for development: 1) The universality of technology, first of all, the prerequisite for the industrialization of any technology is the sufficiency of raw materials. The crust of semiconductor materials, which are the basis of photovoltaic technology, is abundant, with an abundance of about 28% of silicon (Si) and about 19ppm of gallium (Ga), which can meet the electricity needs of all mankind through the existing crystalline silicon and thin-film solar technologies. Secondly, photovoltaic technology benefits from solar radiation, which is different from the demand constraints of other new energy sources such as hydropower, wind power, and nuclear energy, so it can be called an important part of near-earth energy in the future.

2) Application market potential, in 2013, the total global power generation was about 23 trillion kWh, China's total power generation trillions kWh, such as according to the photovoltaic full load power generation accounted for 5% of the total electricity calculation, the global potential photovoltaic application market of nearly 1000GW, China's potential market also reached more than 200GW. From 2009 to 2014, China's annual new photovoltaic installed capacity increased from 160MW to more than 10GW, with a compound annual growth rate of more than 100%. As of the end of 2014, China's cumulative total photovoltaic installed capacity is expected to reach about 44GW by the end of 2015, and has become one of the most important photovoltaic application markets in the world.

In addition, all sectors of society have an increasingly strong call for the development of renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy to alleviate environmental problems such as fossil energy crisis and haze, which is also conducive to the rapid development of domestic photovoltaic applications.

The development trend of China's photovoltaic industry is: the photovoltaic industry has entered a period of steady growth, and the number of enterprises has increased rapidly, and China will open the first year of carbon neutrality in 2021 under the background of "carbon neutrality" becoming a global proposition. Since the beginning of the 21st century, China's photovoltaic industry has experienced four stages: start-up, development, recession and recovery, and has entered a period of steady growth, and has now become the world's largest country in terms of new installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation.

China's photovoltaic industry has achieved leapfrog development from scratch and from existence to strength. In terms of policy, since entering the first year of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, favorable policies for the photovoltaic industry have been intensively introduced: from 2021 to 2022 alone, China has introduced more than 10 support policies to encourage the development and innovation of the photovoltaic industry.

At the same time, the state's financial support for renewable energy has also been further increased. The National Standing Committee held on May 11 announced that 50 billion yuan of renewable energy subsidies would be allocated to ** power generation enterprises in the early stage. The issuance of 50 billion renewable energy subsidy funds approved by the first domestic government will greatly ease the capital turnover pressure of photovoltaic enterprises, and the photovoltaic industry will usher in heavy development.

China's photovoltaic industry is one of the emerging industries that has developed rapidly in recent years, and has become one of the largest photovoltaic markets and production bases in the world. At present, China's photovoltaic industry has formed a complete industrial chain, including silicon materials, cells, modules, system integration and application.

The development prospects of China's photovoltaic industry are very broad. On the one hand, with the country's increasing emphasis on renewable energy, the market demand of the photovoltaic industry will continue to increase. On the other hand, technological progress and cost reduction will also provide more powerful support for the development of the photovoltaic industry.

In the next few years, the main trends of China's photovoltaic industry development include the following aspects:

1. Large-scale application: With the continuous reduction of the cost of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic power generation will gradually become a competitive clean energy, and will be applied to residential and commercial users on a large scale in the future.

2. Technological innovation: A new generation of photovoltaic technology, such as polycrystalline silicon cells, thin-film solar cells, organic solar cells, etc., will continue to emerge to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and reduce costs.

3. Intelligent application: The photovoltaic industry will be combined with new technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data to realize the intelligent management and application of photovoltaic power generation, such as smart photovoltaic power stations and smart photovoltaic roofs.

4. International cooperation: Chinese photovoltaic enterprises will strengthen cooperation with international photovoltaic enterprises, accelerate technological progress and internationalization, and improve international competitiveness.

In general, the development prospects of China's photovoltaic industry are very broad, and it is expected to become an important pillar industry in the future, which is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of China's economy and responding to climate change.

China's new PV installations; China's cumulative grid-connected PV capacity; China's photovoltaic power generation accounts for the proportion of social electricity consumption.

Supply – The production of solar cells is increasing year by year

Since 2011, the scale of solar cell production in China has increased steadily. According to statistics from the China Photovoltaic Association, China's cell production in 2021 was 198GW, up from 135GW in 2020. In the first half of 2022, domestic cell production increased year-on-year.

Supply – PV module production is growing rapidly

Single solar cells cannot be used directly as a power supply, and several single cells must be connected in series, in parallel and tightly packaged into components. Solar modules (also called solar panels) are the core part of the solar power system and the most important part of the solar power system.

Driven by the growth of global PV demand, domestic enterprises have continued to increase investment and technological innovation in the module sector in recent years, and production costs have continued to decline in the past 10 years, and the degree of automation and digitalization has been continuously improved. According to statistics from the China Photovoltaic Association, in 2021, China's module production reached 182GW, a year-on-year increase, dominated by crystalline silicon modules. In the first half of 2022, domestic module production reached a year-on-year increase.

Demand – China's new PV capacity fluctuates widely

According to the statistics of the National Energy Administration, in 2017, the new installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in China hit a record high. In 2018, affected by the new photovoltaic 531 policy, the new photovoltaic power generation projects in various regions have declined, and the new installed capacity for the whole year is 17% year-on-year. Affected by national subsidies and financial support for the photovoltaic industry, the installed capacity of photovoltaic will rebound sharply in 2020 and 2021.

In 2020, the newly installed PV capacity in China increased by 59% year-on-year. In 2021, China's new PV installed capacity reached a new high, reaching a year-on-year increase of 14%. From January to September 2022, China's cumulative new PV capacity was added, a year-on-year increase of 106%.

Demand - The cumulative grid-connected capacity of PV has reached 100 million kilowatts

As of the third quarter of 2022, China's cumulative grid-connected photovoltaic power generation capacity has reached 100 million kilowatts, including 10,000 kilowatts of centralized photovoltaic power stations and 10,000 kilowatts of distributed photovoltaic power.

The proportion of photovoltaic power generation in the whole society's electricity consumption is increasing year by year

With the continuous improvement of the urbanization rate and the electrification level of urban and rural residents, as well as the new round of rural power grid transformation and upgrading, and the vigorous promotion of "coal to electricity" for residential heating, especially under the effect of temperature factors, the rapid growth of heating load in winter and cooling load in summer has driven the rapid growth of electricity consumption of urban and rural residents in the spring. As a kind of renewable clean energy, with the continuous improvement of China's electricity consumption, the demand for power generation will also continue to grow, and the demand for photovoltaic power generation will gradually expand. From 2014 to 2022, the proportion of China's photovoltaic power generation in the whole society's electricity consumption has increased year by year, reaching the proportion in 2021 and the first three quarters of 2022.

In the future, photovoltaic power generation is expected to become one of the important engines to promote China's energy transformation.

In 2023, the state did not stop PV.

In recent years, photovoltaic power generation has been strongly supported and encouraged by the state, the policy environment has been continuously optimized, and the market prospect is good. However, sometimes due to some special circumstances, such as the lag in power grid construction and the difficulty of connecting photovoltaic projects to the grid, the construction and normal operation of some photovoltaic power generation projects may be suspended or postponed. This is also a common problem and challenge in the development of the industry, which requires the joint efforts of all parties to solve and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the photovoltaic power generation industry.

The state began to cancel some of the original, high-cost, low-efficiency photovoltaic power generation projects, and gave more support and funds to support those enterprises and projects with leading technology and good benefits. The starting point of this policy is to promote the technological upgrading and brand building of the photovoltaic industry, and strengthen the supervision of the photovoltaic power generation market to ensure that the market is reasonable and sustainable. Therefore, there is no situation where the state has stopped photovoltaic power generation.

Problems faced by photovoltaics

Photovoltaic is a clean energy that has the advantages of environmental protection and sustainability, and is widely used all over the world. In China, ** has been actively promoting the development of the photovoltaic industry, and has introduced a series of policies and measures to support and encourage the construction of photovoltaic projects. For example, tax incentives for photovoltaic power generation projects, subsidy funds, and reduction of land use costs.

These policies and measures have effectively promoted the development of the photovoltaic industry, and also contributed to China's energy transition and environmental protection.

With the passage of time and the rapid development of technology, the photovoltaic industry is also facing some challenges and problems. For example, the efficiency and cost of photovoltaic power generation still need to be further improved; The construction of photovoltaic power plants also needs to take into account issues such as ecological environment and social impact. Therefore, while promoting the development of the photovoltaic industry, it is also necessary to strengthen its supervision and management to avoid some negative impacts.

Summary. Hello, dear, I am happy to answer for you, the global photovoltaic industry is booming in the context of renewable energy receiving more and more attention from the international community, and China, as one of the countries with the largest total investment in new energy, is also in a leading position in the photovoltaic industry. Knowledge**[3] pointed out that China's photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly in recent years by taking advantage of its own technical foundation and industrial supporting advantages, and has the world's most complete photovoltaic industry chain, including photovoltaic materials, photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic systems and photovoltaic applications.

At the same time, the report released by the China Photovoltaic Industry Association (CPIA) is mentioned in the knowledge**[4], which analyzes the development status and future trends of China's photovoltaic industry.

The development of the global photovoltaic industry and the development status of China's photovoltaic industry.

Hello, dear, I am happy to answer for you, the global photovoltaic industry is booming in the context of renewable energy receiving more and more attention from the international community, and China, as one of the countries with the largest total investment in new energy, is also in a leading position in the photovoltaic industry. Knowledge**[3] pointed out that China's photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly in recent years by taking advantage of its own technical foundation and industrial supporting advantages, and has the most complete photovoltaic industry chain in the world, including photovoltaic materials, photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic systems and photovoltaic applications. At the same time, the report released by the China Photovoltaic Industry Association was mentioned in the knowledge**[4], and the development status and future trends of China's photovoltaic industry were analyzed.

The global photovoltaic industry is booming in the context of renewable energy being increasingly valued by the international community, and China, as one of the countries with the largest total investment in new energy, is also in a leading position in the photovoltaic industry. In recent years, China's photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly by taking advantage of its own technical foundation and industrial supporting advantages, and has the world's most complete photovoltaic industry chain, including photovoltaic materials, photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic systems and finger sales photovoltaic applications. At the same time, the report released by the China Photovoltaic Industry Association analyzes the development status and future trends of China's photovoltaic industry.