What is the view of history What is the view of history

Isn't it a materialist and idealistic view of history?

The basic problem of the concept of history is the question of the relationship between social existence and social consciousness.

The question of the relationship between social existence and social consciousness is the basic issue of philosophy, that is, the concrete implementation and expression of the relationship between thinking and existence in the field of social history. Social existence refers to the material aspects of social life that do not depend on social consciousness.

The most essential thing that distinguishes social existence from the existence of nature is the social mode of production. Society is the product of the long-term development of nature, and is the advanced form of movement of matter.

Materialist view of history:

An integral part of Marxist philosophy is the only scientific view of history. The materialist view of history holds that social existence determines social consciousness, and social consciousness can be used for social existence in a dynamic way.

He pointed out that social history is an objective and law-abiding dialectical process of development, that the basic contradictions in society are the driving force for all social development, and that the productive forces are the initial source of social development.

In a hierarchical society, class struggle is the direct driving force for social development; The masses of the people are the main force promoting the development of history. The establishment of the materialist view of history broke the situation in which idealism dominated the world in the field of social history, and was a great change in the concept of history.

There are class historical views, civilization historical views, materialist historical views, global historical views (overall historical views), and heroic historical views. They are distinguished by different perspectives and perspectives on the world, so different historical perspectives have different interpretations of the world.

1. The concept of class history (the concept of revolutionary history).

Also known as the historical view of class struggle, it studies history from the perspective of classes, and studies the influence of different dominant classes and the development status of each class on the historical period in which it is located.

2. The historical view of civilization.

The concept of civilization history holds that the history of human society is the history of the evolution of human civilization. The basic characteristics of the concept of civilization history are: Taking the development of productive forces as the criterion, human history is divided into the era of agricultural civilization and the era of industrial civilization.

3. Historical materialism.

The productive forces determine the relations of production, and the comprehensive economic basis of the relations of production determines the superstructure; The relations of production have a huge counter-effect on the productive forces, and the superstructure on the economic base.

4. Global view of history (overall view of history).

The basic characteristic of the global view of history is to study the entire history of mankind as a whole. His research targets include not only Europe, but also the wider Asian, African and Latin American regions.

5. Heroic view of history.

Emphasizing the prominent and indispensable role of individual heroes in history, it is often difficult to make the mistake of idealism (in textbooks) and one-sidedly emphasize the absolute role of the individual in history.