Wang Yangming s doctrine, what is Wang Yangming s main philosophical thoughts

"Four Sentences of Teaching" is a comprehensive summary of Wang Yangming's philosophical thoughts in his later years, that is, "there is no good and no disgusting body, there are good and malicious movements, knowing good and knowing evil is conscience, and going to evil for good is a thing".

Wang Yangming said that the most difficult person in life is in the heart, and only by defeating oneself can one become stronger.

Psychology, subjective idealism.

"Records of Passing on the Cultivation of Lead Grinding".

Wang Yangming's main ideas are: there is nothing outside the heart, there is nothing outside the heart, the universe is irrational outside the heart, and my heart is the Huaishen Dou universe, so that conscience, knowledge and action are united, and things are knowledgeable. In terms of philosophy, Wang Yangming advocated the theory of "nothing outside the heart" and "no reason outside the heart", and denied that there is reason outside the heart.

that the truth or law of things cannot be separated from the mind or consciousness;

In terms of epistemology, Wang Yangming preached the theory of "to conscience" and "the unity of knowledge and action", believing that human knowledge is the self-knowledge of one's own conscience, that everyone has a conscience, and that conscience is the principle of heaven, and that all things and their laws are contained in conscience.

The essence of Wang Yangming's thought is the study of the mind, and his thought is actually the thought of the Confucian sub-sage Mencius. Mencius believed that everyone has a conscience, and this conscience is like our limbs, which exists inherently in our hearts.

After Song Cheng and Zhu Lixue, under the influence of Lu Jiuyuan's theory of "my heart is the universe, and the universe is my heart", Wang Yangming enlightened in the vast wilderness of Guizhou Longchang after experiencing countless difficulties and obstacles in the world, and created his theory of mind.

Wang Yangming's theory of mind, unlike other Confucian thoughts, emphasizes the role of the heart

Wang Yangming believes that everything is not outside the heart or stupidity, but in our hearts. Everything exists by human understanding. Wang Yangming said, "The way of the sage, my nature is self-sufficient, and those who seek reason from it are also auspicious. ”

Wang Yangming gave an example and told the students, "When you don't see this flower, this flower and your heart will die together. When you come to see this flower, the color of this flower is understood for a while. I know that this flower is not outside your heart.

Some people say that this is idealism, but in fact, Wang Yangming means that when people know this thing, this thing is valuable to me, otherwise this thing is worthless to me, because it is not perceived by me.

It is equivalent to a graceful beauty, she is beautiful like a fairy, but I didn't see her, she is not in my heart, this beauty is meaningless to me, once I see this beauty, her beautiful shadow casts layers of ripples in my heart, and her beauty has value and significance for me. Therefore, the philosophical connotation of Wang Yangming's lack of things outside his mind is not that the heart produces all things, but that the heart knows all things, and all things have a value and value for me.

The unique value of Wang Yangming's psychology lies in the emphasis on the role of the heart and the free and lively spiritual experience of human life. Because, for a person, the state of mind is clear, then the mind is free of obstacles, and only then can the great realm be reached.

Wang Yangming's main philosophical ideas are as follows:

1. Four sentences.

There is no good and no disgusting body, and there are good and malicious movements. Knowing good and knowing evil is conscience, and keeping good and eliminating evil is a thing.

2. The heart is reason.

Wang Yangming believes that there is nothing outside the heart, there is no reason outside the heart, and the heart is reason.

3. To the conscience.

Wang Yangming believes that things are the heart, the heart is the object, and the knowledge is the conscience. "The Mean" talks about the undeveloped conscience, that is, the essence of the heart, and it is not even necessary to seek it from the undeveloped joy, anger, sorrow, and happiness.

4. Spiegel said (there is a difference with Shenxiu's statement).

The heart is like a mirror, selfish desires are dust, and the object is to remove selfish desires to restore the heart to sight, so as to take care of all things.

5. Bacon said.

The root of human beings is in the heart, and Bacon attaches importance to the cultivation of the heart, which is the principle of heaven, and it should be sincerely made to play a role.

6. Licheng said.

Determined to be sincere, to do learning, we must first be sincere and determined, and then go to the knowledge of things.

7. The unity of knowledge and action.

Knowing the truth and being honest is doing, and doing it to the place of enlightenment and discernment is knowing, which cannot be simply understood as combining theory with practice.

Wang Yangming Profile:

Wang Shouren (October 31, 1472, January 9, 1529), whose real name is Wang Yun, whose name is Bo'an, whose name is Yangming, is a native of Yuyao, Zhejiang, and is of Han nationality. An outstanding thinker, writer, military strategist, and educator of the Ming Dynasty, the son of Wang Hua, the secretary of Nanjing.

In the twelfth year of Hongzhi (1499), Zhongjinshi, the head of the criminal department, successively served as Guizhou Longchang Yicheng, Luling Zhixian, Youdu Yushi, Nanjiang Governor, Liangguang Governor, Nanjing Military Department Shangshu, Zuodu Yushi and other positions, successively pacified Nanjiang, Liangguang Bandit Rebellion and Zhu Chenhao's Rebellion, and was awarded the title of Xinjian Bo.

<> essence of Mr. Wang Mingming's philosophical thought is: there is nothing outside the heart, to conscience, and four sentences of teaching (there is no good and no disgusting body, there are good and malicious movements, knowing good and knowing evil is conscience, and removing evil for good is a thing).

The core of Yangming's ideological system is:"To the conscience"。It includes the heart is reason, the conscience of knowledge and action, and the benevolence of the unity of all things. The basis and starting point of his ideological system are based on the criticism of Zhu Xi's theory of knowledge of things.

The conscience he said is not for a certain class, which affirms the meaning of human existence, and affirms the meaning of human subjective initiative, and it is Yang Ming's inward-looking thinking that affirms the meaning of our existence as individuals in the collective. So his philosophy is one that focuses on each individual in the state of being (Inner Saintology).

If you want to know more about it, it is recommended that you choose to read Mr. Mou Zongsan's "Wang Yangming's Conscience Teaching".