Taking Gome as an example, what are the financing channels and methods of China s private enterprise

absorption of direct investment;

Issuance**; utilization of retained earnings;

borrowing money from banks;

utilization of business credit;

issuance of corporate bonds;

financial leasing; Leveraged buyouts.

Among them, the funds raised in the first three ways are equity funds, and the funds raised in the latter ways are debt funds.

Financing channels for enterprises:

1) Carry out good commodity management, accelerate capital turnover, and ask for funds from the market.

2) Financing from the state treasury.

3) Bank loan financing.

4) Absorb shares and issue ** to raise funds.

5) Issuance of corporate bonds to raise funds.

6) Enterprises use foreign capital to raise funds.

7) Lease financing.

8) Revitalize the financing of the company's internal assets.

9) Commercial credit financing.

10) Venture capital financing.

11) BOT financing of infrastructure projects.

Bank loans. National policies support low-interest or interest-free loans.

Venture capital (the kind of venture capital that must be required to be listed).

Private lending (similar to investment companies, borrowings higher than bank loan interest rates) for strategic investors (those who only require dividends and do not participate in management or require management supervision).

It's a drop, you go and ask Mr. Zhang, which one are you!! I'm writing Da Hee hee Hee Hee You're too godly The one above is too godly I'm a ...... cc

Everybody must stand up, ah......I'm going to hand in my homework tomorrow......Call Mr. Zhang Gaosheng ......Teacher Teacher

The following will not be done by Mr. Zhang, do you want to copy it, it is dangerous.

You go and ask Mr. Zhang Gaosheng.

Daddy! Help me with my homework.

A prominent feature of the capital structure of China's listed companies is the preference for equity capital. From the perspective of the composition of long-term funds, the long-term debt ratio of enterprises is extremely low, and some enterprises even have no long-term debts. Especially in the context of several consecutive interest rate cuts, in the context of declining debt costs, the proportion of long-term debt has not risen but fallen, and has been maintained at a low level, which cannot but show that China's listed companies have an obvious preference for choosing equity financing.

The modern capital structure theory of the West proposes that the financing order of enterprises should follow the order of endogenous financing, debt financing, and equity financing. However, judging from the capital structure of China's listed companies in recent years, it is to avoid borrowing as much as possible, and when enterprises are listed, they should strip off more liabilities and recommend more allotments when refinancing.

From the perspective of the relationship between endogenous financing and external financing, Chinese enterprises have a strong preference for external financing. From 1995 to 2000, for listed companies with undistributed profits greater than 0, the average endogenous financing was less than 15%, and more than 85% was external financing, while for listed companies with undistributed profits less than 0, external financing was more than 100%, and endogenous financing was negative. In the exogenous financing structure, equity financing is dominant, which is typically manifested as equity financing preference, and the order of financing is generally as follows:

Equity financing, short-term debt financing, long-term debt financing Chinese companies have an extremely strong impulse to seek an initial public offering** and successfully list before going public; In the selection of refinancing methods after listing, equity financing methods such as allotment or additional issuance are often desperately chosen, resulting in the formation of the so-called concentrated "allotment fever" or "increase fever" of listed companies; On the one hand, most listed companies maintain a very low asset-liability ratio, and on the other hand, almost none of the more than 1,000 listed companies will voluntarily give up their opportunity to use the re-issuance of ** financing. We refer to the above characteristics of the financing behavior of listed companies as equity financing preferences. This is different from the "pecking order" of mature foreign financing markets, and Chinese enterprises show a strong desire and action for equity financing when they raise funds from external sources.

There are many sources and ways of financing, but few are available to SMEs. Cases of private enterprises like Tian Dama's financing methods are not standardized, the financing channels are narrow, and there is no way to seek loans.

The main reasons for the difficulty of private enterprises in obtaining loans are: state-owned banks discriminate against the ownership of private enterprises, banks prefer large loans from large enterprises in issuing loans, small and medium-sized enterprises have poor credit standing and few items available for collateral, and financial accounting is not standardized. Therefore, to solve the problem of difficult loans for private enterprises, from the perspective of external conditions:

The first is to come forward to set up a guarantee for private enterprises, promote the conceptual change and mechanism transformation of state-owned banks, and put forward requirements for the proportion of loans from state-owned banks to private enterprises in legislation. Second, it is necessary to establish channels for private enterprises to raise shares and issue bonds, and vigorously develop and standardize over-the-counter transactions. The third is to encourage the establishment of regional, community-based, and non-governmental cooperative financial organizations, and actively introduce foreign-funded banks.

Fourth, vigorously develop financial intermediary service institutions, such as small enterprise diagnostic institutes, to provide specialized information services for bank loans.

From the perspective of private enterprises themselves, it is necessary to actively promote the improvement of internal management level, standardize financial and accounting work, and strengthen the construction of internal control system; Strengthen product innovation, improve the scientific and technological content and knowledge content of products, focus on enhancing the investment in intangible assets of enterprises, and effectively prevent the intervention of competitors; Improve profitability, pay attention to retained profits, and reduce dependence on external capital; Improve the employment system, and actively introduce management and technical talents; Establish a good financial image, give shareholders and creditors satisfactory returns, create conditions for further financing and reduce the cost of capital; Willing to invest in real estate and equipment to enhance the proportion of collateral available for enterprises; Make full use of existing financing channels such as leasing, commercial credit, private credit, and direct investment, and do a good job in the relationship with the bank, and strive for the understanding and support of the bank; Expand the scale of enterprises through mergers and acquisitions and enhance the financing ability of enterprises.

1 Borrow directly from the bank.

2. Borrowing money from the bank in the form of counter-guarantee through a guarantee company guarantee.

3. Private financing, that is, good projects are financed through private investment and financing companies.

The difficulty in financing SMEs is due to the low survival rate of SMEs, which infers that they are not able to repay.

How to solve it? At the moment, *** is trying to figure out a way.

If you don't understand, you can hi me.

Or consult the ** of the username.

At present, the problem of financing difficulties for private enterprises has become very common, and ordinary financing methods have been difficult, and only some simpler and more effective methods can be found. It is difficult to raise funds because the people or investors do not have enough trust in private enterprises, and now a large number of private enterprise groups are gradually infiltrated by state-owned capital, and after a certain proportion of internal shareholders of the enterprise changes, the nature of the company has changed and derived from state-owned enterprises (absolute control of state-owned shares) or state-owned enterprise restructuring. In this way, the above difficulties will be solved.

There are many advantages of turning private enterprises into state-owned enterprises, such as: increasing the qualification background of enterprises, public trust, policy inclination, capital and project support, structural optimization, and communication with enterprise talents, financing is naturally much easier. State-owned enterprises are better than private enterprises from the perspective of enterprises, and financing is more convenient.

Private companies, on the other hand, have experience closer to the market, can do so as long as they can make money, their management costs are lower, and some bosses themselves do not even have savings in the operation of the business, because they have more difficulty in financing.

Only the transformation of private enterprises into state-owned enterprises can solve the pain points of private enterprises, improve the internal structure of private enterprises, increase the credibility of private enterprises, and completely solve the problem of financial difficulties.

And we are professional docking to solve this problem, state-owned enterprises are affiliated, joint-stock state-owned enterprises are held, and short-term financing acceptance commercial bills are also a good choice! If you want to know more, you can send me a private message.

High-tech enterprises can raise funds mainly through the following three ways: 1. GEM financing; 2. Science and technology**;

Edition 3 Ventures.

According to the Administrative Measures for the Identification of High-tech Enterprises promulgated by the state in 2008, high-tech enterprises refer to resident enterprises registered in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) that continue to carry out research and development and transformation of technological achievements within the "High-tech Fields Supported by the State", form the core independent intellectual property rights of the enterprise, and carry out business activities on this basis.

With the copy of China's financial market.

of further. With the opening up, the financing channels of high-tech enterprises are being further broadened, such as financial leasing, bond issuance, overseas financing, financial options, and mutual assistance. High-tech enterprises should pay close attention to and use new fund-raising tools to continuously reduce fund-raising risks.

Private equity.

Entrepreneurship & Business.

Angel investment. Issuance**;

In the face of financial financing market disorder, the project party should keep a clear mind to deal with and compare, and finally choose a financing method suitable for the development of its own enterprises.

If you are a college student, you can take a loan from the bank, and the state has preferential policies!

As long as you have a better private scene, you are not afraid of not finding money.

The financing methods of enterprises are: absorbing direct investment, issuance**, retained earnings, borrowing from banks, issuing bonds, commercial credit, and financial leasing.