What are the facial muscles also called muscles, and what parts are there?

Muscles are made up of two parts: the abdomen and the tendons. The muscular abdomen is the main part of the muscle, located in the middle of the muscle, which is formed by the combination of many skeletal muscle fibers with the help of connective tissue, the connective tissue that wraps around the outer surface of the whole muscle is called epimysium, and the tendons are located at both ends of the muscle abdomen and are composed of dense connective tissue.

According to the different structure and function, it can be divided into smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, smooth muscle mainly constitutes internal organs and blood vessels, has the characteristics of slow contraction, long-lasting, not easy to fatigue, skeletal muscle is distributed in the head, neck, trunk and limbs, usually attached to the bone, skeletal muscle contraction is rapid, powerful, easy to fatigue, can be contracted with the will of the person, so it is called voluntary muscle. Skeletal muscles are striated when observed under the microscope, so they are also called striated muscles.

There are more than 600 muscles in the human body, and the muscles play a role in stabilizing and protecting the joints, and at the same time can generate heat to provide heat. Muscles can maintain the movement of the human body and play an important role in completing the movement of limbs and walking. The muscles of the upper limbs include trapezius, sternocleidomastoid muscle, deltoid muscle, biceps, flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum digitalis, pectoralis major, external oblique muscle, and the muscles of the lower limbs include tensor fascia lata, rectus femoris, adductor longus, external femoralis, internal femoralis, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and gastrocnemius muscle.

Muscles are made up of muscle fibers, and each muscle fiber is made up of smaller myofibrils. Each myofibril is made up of two filamentous proteins (myosinin and actin) that are entwined, which are the most basic units of muscle.

The middle part of the muscle is soft and elastic, called the muscular abdomen, and it is contractile. The ends of the muscles are tactile and have no contraction. The muscles and legs are white and strong, attached to the bones.

The lower end of the biceps purus muscle has only 1 muscle m, which grows on 1 bone of the forearm bone; There are two muscular legs at the upper end, which grow on the shoulder and foot bones. The lower end of the triceps muscle also has only one muscle leg, which grows on the other bone of the forearm bone; There are 3 muscles at the upper end, which grow on the shoulder joint.

Intact muscles are surrounded by a layer of connective tissue (epimysium), which extends inward to form fascicles, which extend further inward to form endomysium. The size of the muscle bundle determines the quality of the meat, and the relative content of connective tissue and the number of muscle fibers vary greatly between different muscles, which is an important reason for the difference in muscle stiffness. Connective tissue is composed of formed components and an amorphous matrix, with formed subcontracting being buried in an amorphous matrix, which is composed of collagen fibers and elastin fibers.

Collagen is a hydroxyproline-rich protein, and each collagen has a unique amino acid composition that is linked to different carbohydrate molecules. The nature of the cross-links in collagen determines the size of the muscle's solubility, contraction, toughness, and stiffness. During the development of muscle tissue, due to the increase in the number of intermolecular cross-links, the glycosylation of lysine in collagen and the thickening of collagen fibers make the degradability of collagen lower and lower, and the toughness of muscles increases.

And, as the animal ages, the cross-linking of heat-stable collagen in the muscles increases, resulting in an increase in the hardness of the meat.

The main component of elastic fibers is amorphous elastin, and a small amount of microfibrin, which is the main component of blood vessel walls and is found in low amounts in muscles. The structure and arrangement of elastic fibers vary from one animal to another, as the animal ages, the solubility of elastin decreases, and the elastic fibers shrink when the muscle is heated, making the meat hard and affecting the texture of the meat.

There are also small amounts of proteoglycans and glycoproteins in connective tissue. Proteoglycan is a macromolecule that is covalently bound to glucoglucan with protein as the core. There is a large amount of negative charge in the protein polysaccharide molecule, which makes the protein polysaccharide chain repel each other, and the molecular structure is loose, which can adsorb a large amount of water.

Glycoproteins are also a class of macromolecular substances found in the extracellular matrix of proteins – polysaccharides that can anchor cells to muscle membranes and collagen.

Muscle fibers are the basic building blocks of muscles, and the diameters of muscle fibers are different in the same muscle, with thin muscle fibers distributed around the muscle and thick muscle fibers in the center. As the animal ages, the nutritional level increases, and the exercise intensity increases, the diameter of the muscle fibers increases, and the weight of the young animals and estrogen also promote the thickening of the muscle fibers. The myofium is a sheath-like structure between the endomysium and the muscle fibers, the myofibrils are embedded in the sarcoplasm, and the myofibrils are composed of coarse filaments and fine filaments, which are composed of myosin and actin, respectively.

There is also elastin, or connexin, in muscles, which is present in the sarcomere of skeletal muscle and has a certain impact on the quality of meat. Connexin is composed of munitin, the main protein of connexin, and connexin, which may fold differently when the muscle relaxes or contracts.

In addition to actin and myosin, intermuscular fibrin, neuin, and mall protein are also cytoskeletal proteins, and dystrophin and integrin are also found in muscle.

There are more than 600 muscles in the human body, which are mainly composed of muscle fibers. The length, size, and weight of muscle fibers vary greatly. According to the structure and function, it can be divided into smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle.

According to the morphology, it can be divided into long, brevis, latissimus and orbicularis oris muscles. Every muscle is a complex organ made up of muscles, abdomen and tendons. Each muscle will have blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic and other nutrients, innervation and innervation of the limbs.

Upper limb muscles include trapezius, sternocleidomastoid muscle, deltoid muscle, biceps brachiii, flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis, extensor digitorum majoris, pectoralis major muscle, and external oblique abdominalis.

Muscles are divided into skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles. The muscles that people usually refer to are skeletal muscles, which are controlled by people's consciousness, so skeletal muscles, also known as voluntary muscles, are mainly distributed in the limbs.

Muscles are made up of muscles and tendons: the muscle abdomen is where power is generated, and the muscle abdomen is made up of muscle fibers; Tendons are tissues that hold muscles in place and are fibers, but they are unable to generate power. Because muscles also have cells, it is accurate to say that protein and fiber are the main components of muscle.

Muscle is mainly made up of muscle tissue. Muscle cells are elongated and fibrous in shape, so muscle cells are often called myofibers. In TCM theory, muscle refers to the general term for the body's muscle tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Division of the whole body exercise. The spleen is the main muscle, and the nutrition of the muscles is obtained from the spleen's transportation and water valley.

According to its appearance, it can be divided into four types: longus, brevis, flattenus (latissimus) and orbicularis oris muscle.

1. Morphological classification of muscles.

Long muscle: The muscle bundles are usually parallel to the long axis of the muscle, and the muscle is significantly shortened when contracted, which can cause large movements, mostly in the limbs. Some longus muscles have more than two heads at the beginning, which later coalesce into a single muscular abdomen, called the biceps, triceps, or quadriceps; Some longus muscles are divided into two muscles by the middle tendon, called the digastric muscles; Some are formed by the fusion of multiple muscles and abdomen, and the middle septum is drawn by tendons, such as the rectus abdominis muscle.

Short muscle: small and short, with obvious segmentality, small contraction, more common in the deeper trunk. Flat muscle is broad, flat and flaky, mostly found in the chest and abdominal wall, in addition to motor function, it also has the effect of protecting internal organs.

Orbicular muscle is mainly composed of ring-shaped muscle fibers that are located around the hole fissure, which can be closed when contracted.

Second, the nomenclature of muscles.

Muscles are named by shape, size, location, starting and ending points, or action, etc. For example, trapezius, deltoid, etc. are named by shape; Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, interosseous muscles, etc., are named by location; Biceps brachii and quadriceps muscles are comprehensively named according to the morphological structure and location of the muscles; The pectoralis major and psoas muscles are named after their size and position; The sternocleidomastoid muscle, sternohyoid muscle, etc. are named according to their starting and ending points; Supinators, adductor magnus, etc. are named according to their function; The external oblique muscle, transverse abdominis muscle is named according to the position and the direction of the fascicle.

The middle part of the muscle is called the abdomen, and the thin, milky white part at both ends is called the tendon, and the tendon is attached to the bone. The abdomen is the middle part of a muscle. the part near the starting point, called the caput; The part near the insertion point is called the cauda.

The abdomen is mainly composed of muscle fibers (i.e., muscle cells) and is red and soft in color. The outer side of the whole muscle has the epimysium of connective tissue, and several fibrous septums are sent out by the epimysium into the muscle to divide it into smaller muscle bundles, and the connective tissue that encloses the muscle bundles is called perimysium. Each muscle fiber in the fascicle is also covered with a thin membrane of connective tissue called endomysium.

**The blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels of the muscles penetrate deep into the muscles along these connective tissues. Skeletal muscles can be divided into red muscles and white muscles. Absent red muscle is mainly composed of red muscle fibers, which are smaller and contract more slowly, but the effect is long-lasting; White muscle is mainly composed of white muscle fibers, which are wider, contract faster, and can quickly complete specific actions, but the effect is not long-lasting, and most of every muscle contains these two fibers.

Generally speaking, the muscles that maintain the body posture contain more fibers for red muscles; Muscles that complete movements quickly, with many white muscle fibers.

The halogen porphyry gull is more developed crab.

One is: abs; The second is muscle fitness.

Skeletal muscles are made up of muscle bonds and muscles. The muscle bond connects the bone to the muscle-abdomen, and the muscle-abdomen can contract to cause the bone to displace. Muscle bonds are made up of connective tissue. The muscular abdomen is made up of muscle tissue.

Muscles are made up of tendons, cells, blood, strips of muscle. If you are not satisfied, you can ask questions.