What serious harm did the imperial examination system bring to intellectuals?

The imperial examination was a system in which officials were selected through examinations in successive feudal dynasties. Because of the method of selecting scholars by subject, it is called the imperial examination.

Clause. 1. Because the rulers changed the content of the examination to make the imperial examination a shackle that bound the minds of intellectuals, Ming Taizu officially designated the Bagu Wen originating from the Yuan Dynasty as the style of the imperial examination. Later, it became a tool for the rulers to control their thoughts, and because of the examination of the Bagu Wen, the thinking of those who were not good at the imperial examination subjects was suppressed, and some intellectuals were unable to innovate in academic thinking.

As a result, ideological backwardness has led to stagnation in the development of science and technology. There are even victims of imperial examinations like Kong Yiji.

Clause. Second, the imperial examination system has also produced family tragedies. Because the imperial examination system and the first person enjoy a wealth of preferential honors, and the imperial examination is also an important way for ordinary people to get ahead, there are often tragedies of poor people abandoning their wives and children after high school.

Although the reason for this is very important is the ideological values and sense of responsibility of the parties, the imperial examination has given it such a soil for survival after all.

Finally, the imperial examination system led to corruption in officialdom. With the advancement of the wheel of history, the politicization of the imperial examination system has appeared, and the education of the princes of heaven and earth has led to the prevalence of the relationship between teachers and disciples. This has led to a serious phenomenon of nepotism between teachers and doors.

These divisions and disciples form factions with each other in the officialdom, and the officials protect each other. This is not conducive to the country's efforts to build a fair, fair, and open social system. caused the darkness of officialdom and social chaos.

1.Limit the scope and stifle innovative ideas.

2.Adopt servile Confucianism, stifle talents, and cultivate slaves.

3.Adopt servile Confucianism, strengthen the feudal system, and stifle academic exchanges.

4.The vanity of the feudal aristocracy was strengthened, and the occurrence of bribery led to political corruption.

The main one is still 123

After Cheng Zhu Lixue, the intellectuals' thinking was stagnant, and they could no longer make academic innovations.

The advantages are: the opening of examinations has absorbed many Han scholars into the political power, which is conducive to expanding and consolidating the political foundation of feudal rule, and changing the situation of the wealthy families controlling the government in the early stage of feudal society; The vast number of Shu landlords entered the government through the imperial examination, which injected vitality and vitality into the feudal regime; Since then, the selection of officials has an objective basis for the level of cultural knowledge, which is conducive to the formation of a high-quality civil service contingent; The combination of power, position and knowledge has created the Chinese nation's tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education and an atmosphere of hard and diligent study; It promoted the prosperity of literature, such as the Tang Dynasty endowed scholars with poetry, which promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry. The disadvantages are:

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the eight-share selection of scholars was implemented, which seriously constrained the candidates from content to form, so that many intellectuals did not pay attention to practical learning, and constrained the thinking of intellectuals; The detached style of study brought about by the Eight Strands of Scholars has had an extremely negative impact on the development of academic culture. The imperial examination system at the end of the Qing Dynasty seriously hindered the development of science and culture, which was one of the important reasons for the backwardness of natural science in modern China. The imperial examination system is not conducive to knowledge innovation, let alone the cultivation of innovative talents.

1. Improve the employment system; 2. Promote the development of education;

3. Promote the development of literature and art, especially poetry;

4. The imperial examination system has had an impact on the examination system in other countries around the world.

The advantages are: the opening of examinations has absorbed many Han scholars into the political power, which is conducive to expanding and consolidating the political foundation of feudal rule, and changing the situation of the wealthy families controlling the government in the early stage of feudal society; The vast number of Shu landlords entered the government through the imperial examination, which injected vitality and vitality into the feudal regime; Since then, the selection of officials has an objective basis for the level of cultural knowledge, which is conducive to the formation of a high-quality civil service contingent; The combination of power, position and knowledge has created the Chinese nation's tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education and an atmosphere of hard and diligent study; It promoted the prosperity of literature, such as the Tang Dynasty endowed scholars with poetry, which promoted the prosperity of Tang poetry.

That is: [The imperial examination has also played a considerable role in promoting the popularization of knowledge and the reading atmosphere of the people. Although this impetus is motivated by the pursuit of fame and fame in general, rather than a thirst for knowledge or spirituality; However, objectively, because the imperial examination has become a fashion, China's literary style has generally improved.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were no less than 500,000 Chinese scholars most of the time. Including children, it's in the millions. Except for a few people who were able to make further progress in their careers, most of them became grassroots intellectuals living in various places, which played a certain role in the popularization of knowledge. Moreover, because these scholars are all products of the same system and study the same "sage books", they also indirectly maintain the unity and centripetal force of culture and thought in various parts of China.

The adverse effects of the imperial examination are mainly due to the content and form of the examination. Since the Ming Dynasty, the content of the imperial examination has become rigid, and it has become only required that candidates can produce formal essays, but does not pay attention to the actual knowledge of candidates. Most of the scholars are for scientific examinations, and their thinking is gradually swept away by the narrow Four Books and Five Classics and the pedantic Eight Strands; Whether it is vision, creativity, and independent thinking, it is greatly limited.

Most people take passing the scientific examination as the only purpose of studying, and studying becomes only to be an official and glorify their ancestors. In addition, the imperial examination also restricts the way out of talents. In the Qing Dynasty, most of the famous artists who had outstanding achievements in literary creation or various techniques were disappointed in the scientific field.

It can be inferred that while the imperial examination system is the best to discover talents, it also buries outstanding figures in other aspects of the people; Over the past hundred years, how many elites of all kinds have been trapped in the field and wasted their time. In order to enslave the Han people, the Qing ** strictly restricted the content of the imperial examination. The imperial examination system in the Qing Dynasty was declining, and there were more and more drawbacks.

Although the Qing Dynasty rulers punished the fraud in the imperial examination field very severely, due to the shortcomings of the imperial examination system itself, the fraud became more and more serious, and the imperial examination system finally died out. 】

Known as China's fifth greatest invention, the imperial examination system had a profound impact on the political, cultural, and social life of ancient China.

This kind of influence has "merit" and "excess":

Gong": Breaking the monopoly of the family on officialdom, providing an opportunity for intellectuals from the middle and lower classes of society to enter the official career; It has improved the cultural quality of the first class and created conditions for the improvement of administrative efficiency; To a certain extent, it embodies the social value orientation of fairness, justice and openness; It is conducive to the formation of a culture of re-learning in society; Respecting Confucianism has also played a certain positive role in maintaining social stability.

"Pass": The ruler implemented the Eight Shares of Scholars, strengthened ideological control, and made intellectuals slaves of imperial power; Paying too much attention to the Confucian classics and ignoring science and technology has led to a lack of talents to study science and technology; The content of the examination is confined to the Four Books and the Five Classics, and intellectuals are divorced from social reality, which seriously hinders the development of society.

The merits and demerits of the imperial examination system are analyzed from the positive role of the imperial examination system, such as breaking the monopoly of the family on the officialdom, providing an opportunity for intellectuals from the middle and lower strata of society to enter the official career, improving the cultural quality of the first class, creating conditions for the improvement of administrative efficiency, and to a certain extent, embodying the social value orientation of fairness, justice and openness, which is conducive to the formation of a social atmosphere of re-learning; For example, the rulers implemented the eight-share selection of scholars, strengthened ideological control, made intellectuals slaves of imperial power, attached too much importance to the Confucian classics and neglected science and technology, resulting in a shortage of talents for the study of science and technology, and the content of the examination was limited to the Four Books and Five Classics, and intellectuals were divorced from social reality and seriously hindered social development.

First, to provide a way for literati to become officials, and break through the monopoly of official positions by clan lords.

Second, to bring intellectuals closer to the ruling class.

Third, the intellectual class has been expanded, and the number of educated people has expanded.