What is a proximal fracture, what is a distal fracture, and what is a proximal fracture

Has a history of direct external force injury to the lateral calf, pain, swelling, and tenderness. Although the patient can walk without crutches, it is painful when bearing weight. Tenderness at the site of a soft tissue contusion fracture.

However, if the tibia and fibula are squeezed in the middle of the lower leg or if pain at the site of the trauma is caused when the foot is rotated in the knee flexion position, a fracture of the proximal fibula may be present. In addition, when the affected limb resists knee flexion, the biceps femoris muscle attaches to the fibular head, causing pain.

**Measures] Because there is little displacement, no correction is required. Many patients are unremarkable**. It also does not cause pain when the affected limb is supported to walk without weight.

For patients with severe pain, a long-legged tubular cast can be used to immobilize the knee in a fully extended position for 4 weeks. The cast runs from the middle of the thigh to the hallux and is well shaped at the knees. The cast is removed after 4 weeks, and the patient is allowed to walk after 6 weeks.

Fracture of the upper end of the fibula, injury to the common peroneal nerve should be noted. Some patients have a contusion or crush injury to the common peroneal nerve, while others have a nerve caught in a callus, which gradually becomes paralyzed in the weeks following the injury. The affected foot should be placed in dorsiflexion to relax the peroneal, tibialis anterior and extensor muscles.

If there is no recovery after 2 months, the nerve should be explored, and sutures or decompression should be done if necessary. In a very small number of fibular fractures, the proximal segment of the biceps femoris muscle is displaced upward and backward, and the knee joint should be flexed to fix the fracture in the normal position, and if the fracture is not reduced by x-ray, the fracture fragment should be surgically sutured back to the normal position. Postoperatively, a cast is used to immobilize the knee in a moderately flexed position. (Look).

The description of the distal and proximal ends after a fracture can only be used in the case of complete fractures of the extremities: The bone is broken into two parts, which are divided into two parts by the fracture line, in which the part closer to the heart is close to the fracture line is the proximal fold, and the other is farther away from the heart and closer to the fracture line is the distal fold.

Proximal and distal fractures are mostly used to describe limb fractures, and the distance from the trunk is distinguished.

Take the arm as an example: the humerus of the upper arm near the shoulder joint is proximal and near the elbow joint is distal; The ulna on the forearm is proximal near the elbow joint, the distal end is near the wrist joint, and so on.

Fracture ** push. Foshan Orthopaedic Hospital is recommended, and the orthopedic manipulation has the advantages of not moving the knife or surgery.

If the same bone is broken in the direction close to the foot, it is called distal and vice versa.

Just like the "big arm", the place close to the hand, that is, near the elbow, is called the "distal end", and the place close to the shoulder is called the proximal end.

The forearm is called distal when it is close to the wrist, and it is called proximal when it is close to the elbow.

The thigh near the stomach is called proximal, and close to the knee is called distal.

The lower leg close to the knee is called proximal, and close to the foot is called distal.

If it's the fingers and toes, then the ones that are close to the wrists and ankles are called proximal, and the ones near the fingertips are called distal, understand?

Generally, it refers to the fracture of the limbs, that is, the proximal end is close to the body, and the distal end is vice versa.

Generally refers to the fingers.

Those close to the palm are proximal, and vice versa are distal.

Fracture healing is a very slow process, as the saying goes, "100 days to move the bones", and different ages, different fracture sites, previous health conditions, and methods will affect the healing process of fractures.

During this period, you can insist on using "orthopedic blood ointment" to help the healing of fractures and reduce the incidence of non-union of fractures. 272 yuan a cycle. 81 flavors of traditional Chinese medicine, the classic formula, with the muscles and blood activation, swelling and pain relief, soft and hard knots, warm meridian and cold, wind and dampness, bone and tendon, strong muscles and bones, kidney and sperm and other powerful effects, for the Qing Dynasty Kangxi court doctor Mr. Mei Lao pioneered, the curative effect is remarkable, since ancient times known in Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Hebei, Northeast, Jiangsu and other regions.

In terms of diet, the following points should be noted: 1. A balanced diet is very important, as post-trauma consumption is high and nutritional support is needed, and a balanced diet is required for fracture healing and tissue repair; The five types of nutrients required by the human body, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals must be guaranteed to be consumed. 2. Supplement minerals

Eat more foods rich in copper, zinc, and iron. Seafood, soybeans, etc. contain more zinc; Oatmeal, egg yolk, etc. contain more manganese. 3. In addition, try to eat less sugar and salt, because it will hinder the healing process of fractures.

At the same time, smoking significantly inhibits fracture healing.

It should be a minor injury. It mainly depends on the post-healing function.

Simple fracture does not need **, rest and recuperate, bedridden, if the fracture is displaced, it will be corrected by surgery, go to the hospital as soon as possible to listen to what the professional doctor says, the operation will be operated, and it is a big deal to hurt the bone.

It seems that you need to have surgery, and you have to go to a regular hospital to do it.

If you have a bone fracture, if you have more trouble, you will have a second injury in the future. Simple fractures are less painful.

However, regardless of whether the distal fracture is a proximal fracture, reinforcement fixation is required. There should be no difference.

Fractures in this kind of place are very troublesome, and once you are immobilized, your body is greatly limited in movement.

vray is not small, go and be good for me.

It is recommended that you go to the Internet to collect the request, or ask some professional doctors are okay, try to be as detailed as possible, I hope it will help you.

Correct and effective functional exercise can speed up blood circulation, help reduce swelling, prevent muscle atrophy, osteoporosis and joint adhesion stiffness, and at the same time, through the internal force generated by muscle relaxation, and the binding force of the small splint and the effect of the cotton pad, so that the residual displacement of the fracture end can be gradually corrected.

When exercising, the range of activity should be from small to large, the number of activities should be changed from less to more, and the time should be from short to long, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and avoid activities that are not conducive to the stability and healing of fractures. For example, the adduction type is not suitable for adduction activities, and the abduction type is not suitable for abduction activities. In general, 3-4 times a day, 20-40 times per day.

The following are the functional exercises for each stage of humeral surgery for neck fractures:

Early (1-2 weeks after injury).

Make a fist and stretch out your fingers, stretch out the palms and thumbs of the injured limb, and then clench them together.

The hanging arm is flexed at the elbow, the forearm of the injured limb is suspended in front of the chest, the fist is firmly clenched and the elbow is flexed, and then extended to the extent allowed by the neck wristband.

Interim (3-6 weeks post-injury).

Bend the wrist with an empty fist, half-clench the hand with the injured limb, the forearm in a neutral position, and the wrist joint flex as much as possible, and then extend to a neutral position.

Raise the arm and flex and extend, use the healthy limb to support the outside of the injured limb, and bend and straighten the injured limb as much as possible.

Rub the shoulders and rotate, use the healthy limb to support the forearm of the injured limb, caress the shoulder joint of the injured limb, and rotate back and forth inside and outside.

Shrug your shoulders vigorously, flex the elbow joint of the injured limb 90 degrees, keep the upper arm close to the chest, maintain the normal axis of the injured limb, tighten the upper arm muscles, and lift the shoulder joint.

Later stage (6-10 weeks after injury).

The carp swings its tail, the forearm of the injured limb is in a neutral position, the hand is half a fist, the wrist joint is extended dorsally, and then the palm is flexed.

With one hand, place the healthy limb in front of the chest, extend the wrist joint of the injured limb dorsally, press the upper arm against the chest wall, palm the shoulder joint forward and upward, and straighten the elbow joint, and then recover.

The fracture of the landlord is a location of the foot that is prone to fracture, and from the diagnostic report, there is no obvious dislocation of the broken end, and the swelling of the surrounding soft tissues is still caused by the fracture of the landlord and the lack of recuperation. It is recommended that the landlord do not do strenuous activities, and take the two drugs prescribed by the doctor can be fine, since it has not been displaced for so long, it is not necessary to put a plaster cast now. External plasters, in fact, are not necessary, after all, the landlord is young, and it is relatively fast to get better.

Good luck soon**!

The 3 principles of fracture** are: reduction, fixation, and functional exercises.

In your case, the fracture is not displaced much or there is displacement that does not require correction, and one of them has been satisfied. Immobilization is the basic condition for fracture healing, and if you can ensure that the tissue at the fracture site does not move, including the movement conducted by other parts of the body, you can do without a cast. After the fracture is basically healed, functional exercises are started

Fracture patients need to be supplemented with zinc, iron, manganese and other trace elements. Foods mainly include animal liver, seafood, mushrooms, eggs, beans, green leafy vegetables, cereals, mustard greens, cheese, etc., fracture patients can eat more appropriately. But there is one point to mention, that is, do not smoke, it can damage the healing ability of the wound.

Pay more attention to rest.

Suggestions: In addition to appropriate ** after the occurrence of fracture, a good diet can promote the early healing of fractures. Especially for the elderly, who are weak, osteoporosis, and weak limbs, the diet and nutrition after fracture are more important.

Now I can't exercise, and the cast holder is fixed for 68 weeks. It is forbidden to walk on the ground. When the time is up, the film will be reviewed and unfixed according to its situation.

Guiding drugs can be used in combination with drugs that promote blood circulation and swelling and promote the growth of fracture ends**. In terms of food, calcium supplementation is the mainstay, such as bone broth.

The swelling slowly disappears or there is protrusion, is there a fracture displacement, the problem of medical expenses depends on what kind of hospital you choose and what kind of internal fixation materials. The movement of the hand is flexible, the function is important, please take care of it, if surgery is needed, pay attention to functional exercise after surgery.

Need to see the specific situation of the landlord's fracture Choose the appropriate fracture fixation, the general bone crack is forgotten, it is good to be young and long, if it doesn't work, wear a threaded K-wire, put on a plaster after reduction, it doesn't cost much, and the cost of antibiotics and surgical instruments before and after exceeds 2000 yuan will be basically slaughtered.

Is it accompanied by metacarpal dislocation? If you wait for the high school entrance examination to do surgery, it will have a great impact on your future function, and the high school entrance examination will be postponed for a year, but the poor surgical function after the old fracture will affect a lifetime, and the operation should not need so much, we estimate that 4-5 thousand,