What are the symptoms of a herniated disc in the lumbar spine? What causes a herniated lumbar disc?

Patients with lumbar disc herniation present with flank pain and limited flexion and extension. According to the clinical symptoms of the protruding site, if the protruding site is relatively high, in the position of waist 2-3 and waist 3-4, accompanied by positive signs of femoral nerve traction, femoral nerve distribution area, that is, numbness in the front of the thigh, severe hypoesthesia and decreased muscle strength. If the protruding position is relatively low, in the position of waist 4-5, waist 5 sacrum 1, it is manifested as lumbar pain radiating to the buttocks, accompanied by numbness and radiating pain in the lower limbs, mainly related to the degree of sciatic nerve compression, mild will be accompanied by ant walking sensation on the posterior and lateral thighs, **allergic reactions, severe numbness, radiating pain, electric shock, accompanied by loss of sensation and muscle weakness on the posterior and lateral thighs.

If the protrusion compresses the cauda equina nerve, it will appear as numbness in the saddle area, which can lead to incontinence.

Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is one of the more common diseases, mainly because of all parts of the lumbar intervertebral disc (nucleus pulposus, fibrous annulus and cartilage plate), especially the nucleus pulposus.

Liver and kidney deficiency and weakness of qi and blood are an internal basis for the occurrence of intervertebral disc herniation, which is prone to aging and degenerative changes.

There are many types of lumbar disc herniation and pathological types, and patients can self-diagnose themselves according to the above types before **, make advance ** for the doctor's diagnosis, and also let themselves have a bottom in their hearts. The type of lumbar disc herniation and pathological type are also the basis for the doctor's diagnosis, and the patient mainly follows the doctor's instructions to cooperate with external use - lumbar spine - bone workshop - can be.

Classification of lumbar disc herniation.

1. Degenerative type: most patients have no clinical symptoms and signs, MRI scan shows a decrease in water in the intervertebral disc, and CT shows intervertebral disc deformation and calcification. Degenerative is an early change in a herniated lumbar disc.

2. Bulging type: patients generally have no clinical symptoms, and sometimes they can have recurrent low back pain due to vertebral space stenosis, vertebral instability, and secondary changes in articular faces, such as combined with developmental spinal stenosis, which is manifested as low back pain, lumbar distension, and lumbar tightness. The bulge is physiologically degenerate, with the annulus fibrous being flaccid but intact, the nucleus pulposus constricted, and the annulus fibrous uniformly elevating above the edge of the vertebral endplate.

3. Protrusion: patients may be asymptomatic, and some patients have radicular symptoms and signs. The nucleus pulposus protrudes into the spinal canal through the annulus fissure, and the imaging shows a localized protrusion of the intervertebral disc into the spinal canal.

4. Prolapse type: the patient presents with obvious low back pain and radiating pain from stenosis. The annulus fibrous and posterior longitudinal ligaments are completely ruptured, and the nucleus pulposus protrudes into the spinal canal, most of which require surgery**.

5. Free type: the patient presents with persistent radicular pain, low back pain, waist distension and waist tightness. The prolapsed nucleus pulposus is not connected to the corresponding intervertebral disc and is free to the upper or lower stage of the neuraxial lesion or to the foramina.

Precautions for herniated lumbar discs.

1. Improve the working posture and pay attention to the combination of work and rest. Maintaining proper posture is important to reduce pressure within the lumbar interdisc. Avoid doing repetitive monotonous movements for a long time to prevent excessive fatigue and avoid overloading the spine.

2. Strengthen the lower back muscles. Strong lower back muscles have a maintenance and protective effect on the lumbar spine, so strengthening the lower back muscles is an important measure to prevent lumbar disc herniation.

3. Scientific and reasonable force in life. Actions such as bending over to lift heavy objects, bending over to hold a child, twisting the waist suddenly, and stretching back strongly while bending over can damage the muscles in the lower back and the lumbar intervertebral discs.

4. Regular life and reasonable diet. At the same time, arrange the diet reasonably, pay attention to eating small and frequent meals, eat more vegetables, fruits and legumes, and eat more foods with high calcium content.

Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common diseases, mainly because of the lumbar disc parts (nucleus pulposus, fibrous annulus and cartilage plate), especially the nucleus pulposus

The degeneration of the nucleus pulposus is mainly manifested by the decrease of water content, and can cause small-scale pathological changes such as vertebral segment instability and loosening due to water loss. The degeneration of the annulus is mainly manifested by a decrease in the degree of toughness. Minor damage is caused by repeated external forces over a long period of time, which aggravates the degree of degeneration.

Lumbar disc herniation is due to the degeneration of the lumbar spine, and the elasticity of the fibrous annulus decreases, when the human body suffers from external forces. Caused by the herniation of the nucleus pulposus, which breaks through the fibrous annulus and compresses the nerve root, it manifests as pain in the lumbosacral region and radiates to the lower extremities. If the degree of disc herniation is relatively mild, a conservative approach is generally adopted, and surgery is generally adopted for severe cases.

Lumbar disc herniation is mainly due to age, or the waist is often stressed and weight-bearing, and the intervertebral disc has degenerative changes. However, some external forces, such as bending over to lift heavy objects, pregnancy, or bending over to work hard, may induce the disc to protrude backwards.