During the Western Han Dynasty, the practice of thick burials was particularly important

The wind of thick burials in the two Han Dynasty has intensified, and "laws and regulations cannot be banned, and etiquette and righteousness cannot be stopped", and there are three main reasons for this:

First of all, there is the prevalence of the concept of the immortality of the soul. During the Qin and Han dynasties, people had a deep-rooted belief in ancestor worship and ghost worship, believing that after death, the soul would not be extinguished, and that people would continue to live in another world and enjoy the happiness of life forever. Moreover, during this period, the five elements of yin and yang, superstition, and immortal magic were very popular, and Taoism was formed on the basis of immortal magic at the end of the Han Dynasty, which became the soil and foundation for the prevailing atmosphere of thick burials at that time.

The second is related to the ruler's promotion of ethical and moral concepts. At that time, he advocated "ruling the world with filial piety", and under the strong advocacy of the rulers, the Confucian concept of filial piety was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and had an extremely far-reaching impact on the funeral customs at that time. People believe that a thick burial is the fulfillment of filial piety, and if the ancestors are buried frugally, it is an act of unfilial piety.

Due to the advocacy of feudal rulers, filial piety is not only a moral standard for judging a person's character, but even a political standard for determining one's career. Therefore, a thick burial naturally becomes the best way to practice filial piety, and many people want to obtain the reputation of "filial son", even if their parents cannot be dedicated to their parents when they are born, they also have to bury them after death to show their filial piety.

Thirdly, the burial itself is a kind of luxury consumption, and the level of consumption is determined by the level of development of the productive forces. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the ruined social economy had not been restored, and it was impossible to prevail in thick burials. After the middle of the Western Han Dynasty, the social and economic development was stable, the social productivity was further improved, and the material wealth became increasingly abundant, which provided a material basis for this kind of luxury consumption.

Scenes of their lives and the things they loved were carved into the tomb for the joy of the world. The portrait stone of the Han Dynasty was gradually produced in this thick burial atmosphere. Most of the Han portrait stones displayed in the stone carving art room were unearthed in northern Shaanxi.

Except for a few mythological stories, the rest are largely based on real life, such as cattle farming, hunting, music and dance, and aristocratic life. The Han portrait stone records a large number of historical facts. Therefore, they are both artistic creations and historical records, providing valuable materials for the study of Eastern Han society.

Emperor Wu of the Han DynastyReasons for the prevalence of thick burials in the future:

1. Confucianism. The concept of filial piety is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

At that time, the rulers advocated "ruling the world with filial piety", especially Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "deposed a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone."

Later, under the strong advocacy of the rulers, the Confucian concept of filial piety was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and people believed that thick burial was filial piety, and thin burial was unfilial piety.

At that time, the talent selection method was a probationary system.

Filial piety is not only a moral standard for judging a person's character, but also a political prerequisite for determining a career.

Many people are in order to raise filial piety.

Of course, in order to obtain the reputation of "filial son", although he could not serve his parents and elders wholeheartedly during his lifetime, he should also bury him after his death to show his filial piety.

Second, the concept of the immortality of the soul is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Qin and Han dynasties. Ghost worship was prevalent, and people believed that the soul still existed after death and could live in another world, so it was advocated that "death is like life", and the dead should be treated as if they were the living.

In order to allow the deceased to live a comfortable and comfortable life in another world, the shape and structure of the tomb chamber are as much as possible to imitate the real house, and the funeral goods are also as much as possible to incorporate the tools and objects used by the living into the tomb, and even the houses, fields, poultry, livestock, etc. are also made into models and idols, and buried in them, in addition to daily necessities.

and wearing accessories. Construct an underground world for the dead entirely out of real-life objects.

Its impact As far as the phenomenon of heavy burials in the Han Dynasty is concerned, the positive impact is almost impossible to find other benefits other than allowing future generations to understand the social development of the Han Dynasty through funerary goods. But there are a whole host of negative effects.

It took a huge amount of manpower and force. For example, the Book of Han

The record of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty repairing the tomb: the great rejuvenation of the ship, the heavy realm is endowed, and the levy is like rain. Such an outcome not only emptied the treasury, but also left the people in a predicament of not being self-sufficient.

It has created a bad social atmosphere. If there is one, there is two, if there is two, there is three, and if there is three, there is everything. In order to make their ancestors more decent, some families even go bankrupt to bury their ancestors, isn't this because of the influence of the idea of comparison?

It is undeniable that it is indeed appropriate to respect the ancestors, but is the dead more important than the living? In order to honor the dead, is it necessary to put the living in a difficult situation? This is clearly putting the cart before the horse.

Abstract: Harmful to morality. The most common is "about to live and die", that is, when the parents are there, try to make them frugal in order to save money, prepare for extravagance after death, and exchange the hunger and cold of the parents for vanity. Moreover, this kind of immoral practice is not entirely due to economic inadequacy and unavoidable necessity, but is poisoned by the concept of "thick burial is filial piety, and thin burial is contemptible".

Many wealthy families, including the noble relatives of Beijing teachers and county officials, are not well supported in life and worship after death is also very serious.

3.Gifts have become a means of accumulating wealth in disguise. Arm gift is a gift from relatives and friends to the bereaved family after a person dies. Originally, this was meant to express condolences to the deceased and to help with the funeral, but due to the prevalence of lavish burials, the cost of funeral treatment became more and more expensive, so the donation became a means of collecting money.

Combined with the knowledge of the first study of materials, this paper summarizes the reasons for the prevalence of thick burials after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. 2. Summarize the harm of the prevalence of thick burials in the Han Dynasty.

A lot of money was wasted. In the second year after his accession to the throne, the Han emperors began to build mausoleums for themselves, which were usually not completed until the time of their deaths.

According to the historical records, "one-third of the tribute in the world is given, one for the temple, one for the guests, and one for the mountain mausoleum." "Chongshan Mausoleum" is used to build a mausoleum. This means that the cost of building a mausoleum for the emperor is one-third of the country's revenue.

Harmful to morality. The most common is "about to live and die", that is, when the parents are there, try to make them frugal in order to save money, prepare for extravagance after death, and exchange the hunger and cold of the parents for vanity. Moreover, this kind of immoral practice is not entirely due to economic inadequacy and unavoidable necessity, but is poisoned by the concept of "thick burial is filial piety, and thin burial is contemptible".

Many wealthy families, including the noble relatives of Beijing teachers and county officials, are not well supported in life and worship after death is also very serious. 3.Gifts have become a means of accumulating wealth in disguise.

Arm gift is a gift from relatives and friends to the bereaved family after a person dies. Originally, this was meant to express condolences to the deceased and to help with the funeral, but due to the prevalence of lavish burials, the cost of funeral treatment became more and more expensive, so the donation became a means of collecting money.

Does the rise and fall of dynasties have a lot to do with tomb culture?

I must have taken the "Tomb Culture" class, don't ask me how I know, I also took this class.

The disappearance of the ancient kingdom of Loulan is self-defeating?

During the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty, thick burials became a common practice, and the reasons for this were the concept of immortality of the soul, "thinking that the dead have knowledge and are no different from the living" (Wang Chong: "On Heng and Thin Burial")) That is, the dead are treated as living people, and it is superstitious that there is another world after death, and ghosts and gods need to eat and live like living people, which is the so-called "ghosts still eat" ("Zuo Chuan: Xuangong Five Years"). Therefore, the worship of the dead should be as particular as that of the living, that is, the so-called "death is like life" ("Zuo Chuan: The Fifteenth Year of Mourning Gong").

Therefore, to bring everything that is needed in life to the grave so that you can continue to enjoy it after death, that is, the so-called "rich wealth and abundant storage, and use it like a living person" ("Salt and Iron Treatise: Insufficient Dispersion)))) As a result, "life is not extremely nourishing, death is mourning, or to engrave gold and jade, glutinous zizi stalk banyan, fertile land to make Ying, yellow soil to hide, bury more treasures, puppet chariots and horses, build everyone, widely plant pines and cypresses, Lushe ancestral hall, worship luxury diving" (Wang Fu: "The Theory of Hidden Husbands, Floating Luxury))) phenomenon) is blazing in the world. Second, in Confucianism, filial piety has an important position in ancient times.

As "Salt and Iron Treatise on Insufficiency" said: "In this life, it cannot be loved and respected, and death is high in luxury, although there is no heart of mourning, and those who are buried with heavy coins are called filial piety, famous in the world, and glorious in the world." And because of the Han Dynasty's emphasis on filial piety, "filial piety" has become an important way for people to enter the official ranks, and thick burials are an important means to obtain the laurels of "filial piety". Therefore, "the world is virtuous with thick burials, and thin is contemptible" ("Later Han Shu Guangwu Emperor Ji")).