What is the achievement goal theory, and the representative of the achievement goal theory

: Atkinson is a leading exponent of achievement motivation theory. The achievement goal theory has gone through four main stages in the development process.

1.The achievement goal theory began in the seventies and eighties of the 20th century, and Dweck and other scholars proposed that achievement goals can be divided into two types: the first is the achievement goal, which refers to the purpose of learning to obtain grades and show one's ability; The second is to master the goal, learning is to master knowledge and develop one's abilities.

Both of these goals are near-success goals.

2.By the 90s of the 20th century, Elliot and his colleagues were proposing that the goal of achievement was not only close to success, but also to avoid failure. Therefore, there are three types of achievement goals: mastery goals, achievement convergence goals, and achievement avoidance goals.

3.By the beginning of the 21st century, Printrich P. of the University of Michigan in the United States r.

Both Professor and Professor Elliot believe that there are also approaches and avoidance types of mastery goals, and then proposed a quadrangle of achievement goals: mastery approaching goals, mastery avoidance goals, achievement approaching goals, and achievement avoidance goals.

et al. further developed the achievement goal theory, and proposed the achievement goal model of 3 (task orientation, self-orientation, and others orientation) x2 (approaching success and avoiding failure), and there are six kinds of achievement goals: task approaching type: possessing the ability required by the task and solving the problem correctly; Task Avoidance:

Avoid making mistakes on tasks; Self-approaching: self-realization ability, better than one's previous performance; Self-avoidant: Avoid performing worse than you did before:

Others-approaching type: the pursuit of ability is higher than others, and the grades are better than others; Others avoidance: Poor avoidance ability and lower grades than others.

Achievement goal refers to the goal that an individual wants to achieve by engaging in an achievement activity. The achievement goal theory suggests that there are significant cognitive, emotional, and behavioral differences among individuals with different achievement goals.

Achievement goals are generally divided into two categories: mastery goals (also known as learning goals, task goals) and achievement goals (also known as competency goals). Mastery goals refer to the purpose of an individual's achievement activities in order to master and understand tasks, develop new skills, and improve their own abilities.

Achievement goal refers to the purpose of an individual's achievement activities to do better than others, exceed the standards required by the outside world, and obtain the affirmation and praise of others for their ability, so as to show their own ability and avoid negative evaluation of their own ability.

Individuals with different achievement goal orientations hold different standards for evaluating achievement. The individual who has mastered the goal orientation follows the standard of the degree of achievement of the task, which is an absolute criterion, that is, whether the individual has met the requirements of the activity task, such as whether I have learned the content in the textbook, whether I have met the standard of a certain physical activity. Achievement-oriented individuals follow a standard of comparison with others, which is a relative measure of whether the individual is better than others in the group, such as whether I study better than my classmates or stand out in some way.

The researchers found that mastery goals and achievement goals had different effects on cognition, emotion, and behavior.

1 Individuals with different achievement goal orientations differ in cognition.

2 Individuals with different achievement goals differ in their emotional aspects.

3 There are also differences in behaviour among individuals with different achievement goal orientations.

Achievement Goal Theory:

Mastering the goal - approaching: [Example: As long as you master the knowledge, you don't care about the score of a learning motivation] Master the goal 1 avoidance:

Example: As long as you can get a high score, you don't care about the learning motivation of knowledge mastery] Achievement Goal - Approaching: [Example:

To test the best in the class, you must surpass others in a kind of learning motivation] performance goal - avoidance: [e.g.: as long as you are not the worst in the class, you can't show yourself a stupid learning motivation].

a.Learning goals, performance goals.

b.Power goals, career goals.

c.Development goals, survival goals, and achievement goals.

Correct Answer: a

According to the achievement goal theory, the criteria for evaluating "success" are: task criteria, self-criteria, and others' criteria.

Achievement goal theory is one of the most directly used theories of motivation to explain individual behavior in educational situations and guide educational practice activities.

Early motivation research regarded human beings as mechanical individuals controlled by the environment and without subjective initiative, focusing on the causes of human behavior from a physiological point of view, such as foraging behavior, attack or escape behavior, and put forward some motivational theories that explain the causes of all human behaviors, such as instinct theory and drive theory.

After the 60s of the 20th century, motivation psychology gradually abandoned this large and comprehensive research paradigm, and turned to the various branches of motivation, especially the field of achievement motivation, to carry out in-depth and detailed **. This transformation has gradually become the dominant trend in modern motivation psychology, and achievement motivation has also become a core issue in the field of motivation research.

In the 80s of the 20th century, Nicholls (1984) and Dweck (1988) introduced the concept of achievement goals into the field of achievement motivation, and made it a hot topic in the study of motivation in the 90s.

Application of Achievement Goal Theory

In the case of goal orientation, individuals usually exhibit a positive, adaptive pattern of motivation that seeks challenges, focuses on the task at hand, is able to effectively use deep processing strategies such as trying to discover the relationship between old and new knowledge, and is able to maintain positive emotions and perseverance in the face of failure.

In the case of performance goals, individuals tend to attribute success or failure to their own ability, so success can certainly improve the individual's self-confidence, but once it fails, it is easy to lead to imbecile evaluation, produce negative emotions such as anxiety, shame, and frustration, interfere with the use of effective and comprehensive strategies, and reflect an unsuitable motivation pattern. Therefore, the general view is that the goal of grasping the goal is more likely to stimulate students' intrinsic motivation to learn, generate lasting motivation and promote students to achieve greater results.

The above content refers to: Encyclopedia - Achievement Goal Theory.

Hello, it's a pleasure to serve you and give you the following answer: Goals and achievements are about achieving fulfillment by setting goals and achieving those goals. The steps to solve the problem are as follows:

1.First of all, be clear about your goals and make a feasible plan to better achieve them. 2.

Secondly, be persevering, make progress every day, and constantly improve your abilities to achieve your goals. 3.Thirdly, we must adhere to self-discipline, arrange our time well, and put the important things in front and the unimportant things in the back in order to better achieve our goals.

4.Finally, it is necessary to persevere, constantly sum up your own experience, and constantly improve your methods in order to better achieve your goals. Personal Tips:

If you want to achieve your goals, you need to persevere, make progress every day, constantly improve your abilities, adhere to self-discipline, put important things in front, constantly summarize your own experience, and constantly improve your methods, so that you can achieve your goals.

Answers]: a, c, d

The criteria for evaluating "success" in the achievement goal theory mainly include: Task standard: mainly to see whether the bridge body meets the requirements of the activity; Self-standard:

It mainly depends on whether it is better than before; Criteria for others: It mainly depends on whether the individual is better than the others in the group.

Answer]: A achievement goal theory divides achievement goals into achievement goals and achievement goals. Mastery goals are also known as learning goals, and achievement goals are also translated as performance goals. Therefore, a is chosen for this question.