How to make your own fertilizer, how to make fertilizer

Here are some guidelines for making fertilizer for your home:

Food waste composting is the process of using microorganisms and small insects in nature to break down organic matter (food waste) in the presence of air and water. The final product is called food waste fertilizer, which is rich in easy-to-use phytonutrients that form part of a healthy soil. It is recommended to buy a bucket and wooden box for composting food waste.

It is best made on the balcony or outdoors. When the food waste compost is fermented, it will have a taste (mainly ammonia and hydrogen sulfide).

Kitchen waste composting mainly has the following conditions:

Carbon-containing organic matter such as dried leaves, wood chips, paper, peanut shells, melon seed shells, etc.

Nitrogenous organic compounds such as fruit and vegetable waste, coffee grounds, malt powder, etc.

1. Air 2. Appropriate amount of water 3. Treat kitchen waste and turn waste into treasure.

Easy 6 Steps:

1. Separate edible kitchen waste (vegetable peels, fruit peels, a small amount of wasted cooked food) into containers.

2. Collect the dried organic matter (dried leaves, sawdust) in a small container.

3. Take a box or a bucket and drill 4 5 different holes around the container to let air in.

4. Spread a layer of soil on the bottom.

5. Now start adding food waste alternately wet waste (vegetable and fruit skins) and dry waste (straw, sawdust, dry leaves).

6. Cover this container with plastic sheeting or wooden planks to help retain moisture and heat. Some advice Every few days, use a rake to turn the pile quickly to provide inflation. If you feel that the pile is too dry, sprinkle it with some water and make it moist.

Within 2-3 months, your food waste should start to form compost on dry, dark brown soil. There are also ready-made, kitted tools for food waste composting. With time and a little patience, you might enjoy composting food waste.

It is not recommended to use leftover meat, bones, leftovers, leftovers, etc. from food waste.

By sorting, ** and composting, a family of four can reduce waste by 1,000 kg to less than 100 kg per year. Imagine that 90% of all the garbage in Chennai disappeared overnight, a clean green city – and it will help you start your composting journey.

A homemade organic fertilizer with long-lasting fertility and organic green.

Fertilizer production methods include plant ash to make fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer to make, banana peel to make potassium fertilizer.

1. Make fertilizer from plant ash.

Tools: Dry leaves, dry wood, dead branches, fire.

Dry leaves, dry wood, and dead branches were burned to ashes by fire.

Grass ash contains a lot of potassium, which is a good potassium fertilizer, and can also improve the pH of the soil.

2. Nitrogen fertilizer production.

Tools: moldy beans, peanuts, melon seeds, leftover leaves, bean shells, melon peels, small jars, water, pots.

Crack and boil the moldy beans, peanuts, melon seeds, leftover leaves, bean shells, and melon peels, put them in a small jar and fill them with water, and then seal them to ferment and rot.

Hydrogen contains chlorophyll, which is necessary for plants to photosynthesize, so nitrogen fertilizer can promote photosynthesis in plants. Hydrogen is the main component of protein in crops, and it cannot be formed without nitrogen. Proper application of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the flourishing of tree foliage.

If there is a lack of hydrogen fertilizer, yellowing and thinning of the plants will occur.

3. Banana peel to make potassium fertilizer.

Tools: banana peel, scissors, trash can, dirt, water.

Cut the banana peel directly into small pieces, then find a slightly larger trash can, spread a layer of soil and then a layer of banana peel, add water, and finally seal the layer with soil, about a month or so.

Banana peels are very rich in potassium fertilizer, and they are also a fertilizer crop that is easy to rot. If you lack potassium fertilizer, you will get "hypochondriasis", which is easy to fall down, and is often plagued by bacteria and pests.

Introduction to fertilizers

Fertilizer refers to a class of substances that provide one or more essential nutrients for plants, improve soil properties and improve soil fertility levels, and is one of the material bases of agricultural production. It mainly includes ammonium phosphate fertilizers, macro-element water-soluble fertilizers, medium-element fertilizers, biological fertilizers, organic fertilizers, multi-dimensional field energy concentrated organic fertilizers, etc.

Preparation of raw materials: the proportion of various crop straw, weeds, fallen leaves, etc. is about 1000 kilograms, adding 200-300 kilograms of manure and urine, 100-200 kilograms of water (the amount of water added depends on the dry and wet raw materials), each layer can be properly covered with a thin layer of soil, mainly playing the role of limestone, peat, etc.

In order to speed up decomposition, each layer can be inoculated with high-humidity decomposing fibrous bacteria (such as enzyme bacteria), if it is lacking, an appropriate amount of stove finches, mules and horse manure or old compost, deep culvert mud and fertile soil can be added to promote decomposition. However, the soil should not be too much, so as not to affect the decomposition and compost quality.

Taking organic compost as an example, the simple steps to make it are as follows:

1. Prepare probiotic activation solution. According to the probiotic stock solution: nutrients:

Water = 2:2:16 ratio to prepare 20 kg of probiotic activating solution.

The specific preparation is: first use a small amount of hot water to dissolve 2 kg of nutrients, then add cold water to reduce the temperature to 30-35, pour in 2 kg of probiotic stock solution, add enough water and stir well.

2.Prepare a "mixed diluent". Pour the 20 kg of probiotic activation solution obtained in the previous step into 100-150 kg of water (the water consumption depends on the dry and wet of the raw materials, and the water content can be controlled at 40-50% during stacking), and the water temperature should not exceed 30 or more.

3.Stack. Mix 1 ton of manure raw materials with straw and other prepared rolling materials and humus, pile them directly on the ground, generally pile them into a trapezoidal shape, no more than one meter high, no more than 5 meters wide at the bottom of the pile, spray probiotic "mixed diluent", stir evenly, and control the water content at 40-50%.

4. Carry out aerobic fermentation for a few days until the material temperature reaches 40-50 (generally 1-2 days in summer, about 3-5 days in spring and autumn), stack and compact, seal with plastic cloth or rainproof cloth (around to be compacted to prevent air leakage) for anaerobic fermentation.

5.Due to the different temperatures on the surface of the pile and the inside of the pile, the degree of fermentation and decay is different, and the pile should be poured in time. The number of stacking should be determined by the temperature in the reactor, generally starting from the stacking and reaching 60-65 when the temperature in the reactor reaches 60-65.

The temperature must be strictly controlled, when the temperature in the pile exceeds 70, it means that there is a shortage of water in the pile, and the water should be replenished in time to pour the pile, and the fermentation and decay should be continued; When the temperature in the pile is less than 40, it means that the moisture in the pile is too large, and the backing of the sail should also be carried out to reduce the moisture, and the number of times of the pile is generally not less than 2 times.

Note: 1) The amount of water added should be adjusted according to the humidity of the raw materials, and when it is dry, more water should be added when preparing the "mixed diluent", and the water consumption should be reduced; When spraying the "mixed diluent", it should also be noted that it can be sprayed several times to prevent too much water from being sprayed at one time.

2) Sealed fermentation. During anaerobic fermentation, if the seal is not tight, it is easy to enter the air and cause high temperature, which affects the quality of organic fertilizer.

3) Fermentation time and temperature. The general fermentation time is 20-25 days in spring and autumn, 15-20 days in summer, and 30-40 days in winter. The optimal ambient temperature for fermentation is 25-35.

4) Fermentation completion standard: the smell of fermented compost is koji flavor, and it is advisable not to smell.

The method of making fertilizer varies depending on the raw materials used and the nutrients required, and a simple method of making organic fertilizer is provided below for reference:

Material: Fresh cow dung or other animal manure (such as sheep manure, chicken manure, etc.).

Coarse detrital waste such as straw and wheat straw (so-called "carbon sources").

Waste vegetables, fruit peels, leftover food waste, etc. (so-called "nitrogen sources").

Steps: Mix cow dung or its animal manure with carbon sources such as straw and wheat straw in a ratio of about 3:1.

Stir the mixture well, add waste vegetables, fruit peels, and remaining food waste as nitrogen sources, and pay attention to evenly distribute them in the mixture.

Add an appropriate amount of water to the mixture to keep it moist, but not too moist to avoid adverse reactions such as spoilage.

Fill the mixture into a bucket or compost bin, taking care to ventilate so that the organic matter breaks down adequately.

Every 2-3 days, flip the mixture with an iron hook or stir bar to fully reverse the leaven.

In the fermentation process, residual substances such as konjac residue and bean dregs can also be appropriately added to improve the nutrient content of organic fertilizer.

Usually the fermentation process takes about 4-6 weeks, and when the mixture turns black and gives off a smell of the earth, it is ready to stop fermentation and apply.

Precautions: When making organic fertilizer, fresh and clean waste materials should be used to avoid pollution and odor.

The proportion of waste material should be well controlled to ensure the nutrient balance of fermentation.

During the fermentation process, the mixture should be stirred frequently to ensure that the fermentation is even.

If conditions permit, some soil or decompost can be added to the fermentation process to promote fermentation.

In short, making fertilizer requires patience and care, mastering good methods and skills, in order to make high-quality organic fertilizer and provide sufficient nutrients for plants.

How to make fertilizer: 1. Fruit skin, mix fruit skin, rotten vegetable leaves with sandy soil, and make humus; 2. Chicken and duck manure, add Cao Fen and superphosphate to chicken and duck manure, and ferment for more than 2 months; 3. Licorice, licorice can be directly incorporated into the bottom of the rhizome of the plant; 4. Grass ash, directly mix plant ash into soil or compost.

Don't throw away the leftover fruit skins, you can use them to make fertilizer. Mix 2 3 sand into fruit skins and rotten vegetable leaves, seal them tightly with mud in a container, and make humus soil, which can be directly used to plant flowers or used as flower fertilizer.

If you have chickens and ducks at home, you can collect some manure, add Cao Fen and superphosphate to it, seal it with plastic film after stacking, heat up and ferment, and open the bag for ventilation when the temperature is high. After 10 days of fermentation, it is deeply turned and brewed for about 2 months before it can be used as base fertilizer.

Licorice is rich in nitrogen, which can replenish nutrients to the soil and can also be used to make organic fertilizer. Directly add an appropriate amount of licorice to the bottom of the rhizome of the plant, or put it into a container first, mix it with an appropriate amount of water, seal it, and wait for 2-3 weeks to make a well-rotted organic fertilizer.

Grass ash is the ash left after the burning of wood and hay, which is rich in potassium and is a pure natural fertilizer, which can be directly mixed into the soil or compost, which is convenient to use, but pay attention to the amount of each time can not be too large, otherwise it is easy to lead to alkaline soil.