How to control common sunflower insect pests?

1) The two-spotted fluorite beetle mainly takes adults as the pest, and the control methods are as follows. Eradicate weeds at the edge of the field, ridge and canal in time, eliminate the intermediate host plants, and dig deep in autumn to kill the eggs. Artificial control:

The insect has a certain degree of migration, and can be killed with insect nets to reduce the base of the insect population. The double-spotted fluorite leaf beetle has a phototaxis habit, and the frequency vibration insecticidal lamp is used to trap and kill adults. During the peak stage of adults, you can choose to use cypermethrin 1500 times liquid or 20% malathion + fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times liquid foliar spray 1 2 times.

2) Grassland borer is mainly infested by larvae, and the control methods are as follows. The implementation of autumn deep ploughing, winter irrigation, fine land preparation, reduce the density of overwintering larvae in the field. Remove weeds and reduce the number of eggs laid by the moth in the field.

Install frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps or black light lamps to trap and kill adult grass borers. Chemical control: Before the 2 3rd instar of the grassland borer, spray with 500 700 times of BT wettable powder or 1500 2000 times of 25% chlorpyramide suspension.

When the amount is large, cypermethrin 1500 2000 times or cyhalothrin EC 2000 2500 times can be sprayed.

3) Mongolian gray weevil is harmful to adult feeding on sunflower seedling cotyledons, true leaves, young stems and growth points, and the control methods are as follows. Reasonable crop rotation and stubble, the implementation of more than 3 years of crop rotation. Implement deep ploughing in autumn and irrigation in winter, and fine land preparation to reduce the density of insect populations in the field.

Using the habit of feigning death, the insect was captured manually and burned intensively. Poison bait trapping: Pick fresh beet leaves and soak them in 500 times of 90% trichlorfon crystals or 1000 times of deltamethrin for 1 2 hours, and then take them out and put them in the field for booby-trapping.

Pesticide control: Mongolian gray weevil is sprayed with 1000 times of 50% phoxanthion EC and 2000 times of deltamethrin EC during the peak period.

There are many kinds of pests that harm sunflowers, and they can be divided into underground pests according to their damage types, such as mole crickets, needleworms, ground tigers, etc.; seedling pests, such as beetles, weevils, etc.; Sunflower seed pests, such as sunflower borer, cotton bollworm, etc. Due to different geographical and climatic conditions, the types of occurrence and the degree of harm are also different. Generally, the occurrence of pests in the seedling stage is more common and the damage is more serious, so the focus should be on seedling protection.

Different prevention and control measures can be adopted in different localities according to different situations.

If the small ground tiger is common, the following control measures can be taken: Weeding and insect control. Booby-trap adults.

Pharmaceutical prevention and control. Every 667 m2 can be controlled with 2 kg of trichlorfon powder, 100 times of 90% trichlorfon and other agents. Poison bait booby-trapping.

100 grams of 90% trichlorfon, add liters of water, mix 30 40 kg of chopped fresh grass to make poisonous bait, and sprinkle it near the seedlings in the evening. Manual capture.

The following methods can be taken to prevent and control the small beetles that are seriously harmful at the seedling stage in general areas: Seed dressing. The elixir powder is used to dress the seeds, and the agent is 1% of the weight of the seeds.

Spraying. It can be sprayed with a variety of insecticides such as butyrine emulsion, trichlorfon emulsifiable concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, dimethoate, 40% methyl octanthionine emulsifiable concentrate. Eliminate the source of the insect.

Sprinkle pesticides in areas where there are many weeds to reduce the source of insects. Artificial killing.

In addition, in some areas, sunflowers are also more seriously harmed by birds, and corresponding measures should be taken to prevent and control them.

The main insect pests of sunflowers are: needleworm, grub, ground tiger, grass borer, beetle, sunflower borer, aphid, cotton bollworm, etc. The main diseases of sunflower are: rust, sclerotinia sclerotinia disease, liedang, downy mildew, brown spot, and verticillium wilt.

It can be prevented by the following methods:1Breeding and popularizing the planting of disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions.

2.Crop rotation and stubble. It is recommended to practice crop rotation with non-host plants for more than 3 years to reduce the source of infection.

3.Strengthen field management. Scientific fertilization, reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to improve plant disease resistance; Reasonable irrigation, pay attention to drainage after rain; After harvesting, remove the sick and residual bodies in time and take them out of the field for centralized treatment.

4.Pharmaceutical prevention and control. Symptomatic medication should be used in a timely manner at the beginning of the disease**.

FYI.

The incidence of sunflower diseases and insect pests is low, and the main diseases are powdery mildew, black spot, bacterial leaf spot, rust (prevalent in high humidity period) and sunflower borer. After being susceptible, remove the diseased leaves and stumps and burn them intensively; In the early stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with 500 times of 50% methyl tobuzine wettable powder or treated with the same amount of Bordeaux solution.

1. Powdery mildew.

Symptoms: At the onset of powdery mildew, the leaves begin to produce white round powdery spots, which expand and become a piece, and brown dots appear on the powdery layer, and the plant stops growing.

Prevention and control: After susceptibility, it is necessary to remove diseased leaves and residues in time and burn them in a centralized manner; In the early stage of the disease, it can be sprayed with 500 times of 50% methyl tobuzine wettable powder or treated with the same amount of Bordeaux solution.

2. Black spot disease.

Symptoms: Sunflower can be infected at all stages of growth, there is light brown mold on the lesions, the petiole lesions are round, oval or fusiform, and the lesions are connected into large patches, so that the leaves turn black and die. The disease develops quickly and is very harmful.

Prevention and control: It can be prevented by disinfection of the substrate, reasonable watering, increased air circulation, intermittent spraying of protective fungicides, etc. At the beginning of the disease, the bottom leaves and diseased leaves were sprayed at the same time with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times or 70 methyl tobuzine wettable powder l000 times, and sprayed twice with an interval of 10 days.

3. Worms. Symptoms: It is one of the most serious pests that damage sunflowers. Between the grains on the flower disc, the moth is bored into a criss-cross tunnel, and the insect feces and dregs left in the damaged part cause the flower disc to rot. It seriously affects the improvement of sunflower yield and quality.

Control: Choose borer-resistant varieties, which is the most economical and effective measure. The best time for control is during the 1-2 instar (10 days) of larvae, which can be killed with contact agents.

The larvae of the 3rd instar burrow into the grains to feed on the kernels, and systemic insecticides must be used for control. In the larval occurrence period, about the beginning of August, 90 trichlorfon 500 times can be sprayed, sprayed 2 3 times, and the control effect is very good.

1. Grass borer: preventive measures: 200-375 ml of pyrethroid insecticide EC or 300-450 ml of 20% pyrethroid EC, and 450-600 kg of water to dilute Qinxian spray; (2) Spray seedlings with trichlorfon powder or insecticide powder, and use 20-25 kg per hectare.

Use 50% phoxanthion EC and 50% pine moth EC 500-1000 times spray.

2. Sunflower leaf miner fly:

Precautionary measures: spraying trichlorfon powder or 2% pine borer powder;

2) Use 90% trichlorfon emulsion spray 1000 times.

3. Black suspicion rock shoot velvet beetle beetle:

Preventive measures: spraying 2% pine borer or 2% Baizhi Tu powder, 15-23 kg per hectare;

2) Use 35% or 50% thiocyclophos emulsifiable concentrate spray 500-800 times;

3) Cut the leafy branches of the elm tree to 60 cm long, soak them in 40% monocrotophos or 50 times the solution for 10 hours, and insert them into the sunflower field after 2 p.m., 200-300 branches per hectare.

4. Mongolian gray weevil: jujube empty.

Precautionary measures: use powder as raw material, use 15-23 kg per hectare, acclimatize 230-300 kg of fine fluvial soil into poisonous soil, mix evenly, and sprinkle around the seedlings;

2) Spray 1200 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate.

<> can be scraped directly when there are fewer pests, it is best if you have a pair of sharp eyes, and you can find pests when they are eggs and remove them in time.

When the disease occurs, you can spray deltamethrin EC or pyrethrin EC, diluted with water and sprayed.

Seedlings can choose trichlorfon powder or insecticide powder for the onset of disease, and sprinkle directly on the bottom of seedlings and soil, 10 15g per plant.

Leaf miner flies are more stubborn, and can be sprayed with Wu Zhiwei Chlorfen Insect Powder or Pine Borer Powder, and sprinkled once every 2 3 days until it is completely removed.

Of course, you can also use spraying to dilute the emulsion of trichlorfon into a 1000 times solution and spray around the plant and leaves.

Is not very familiar with the pests that are very common when cultivating this cavity. When the plant has dead leaves and rotten stems, this pest comes to taste. You can spray the soil surface with pine borer or Baizhi Tu powder, and pay attention to spreading evenly.

Spray with 50% methyl thiocyclophos emulsifiable concentrate solution, apply more insects, and spray directly on pests.

Select elm leaves with leaves, soak them in monocrotophos solution for 10 hours, and then insert them next to sunflowers at 2 p.m., 2 3 per plant. Naturally, the insects did not dare to approach.

The easiest way is to spray dichlorvos solution.

Poison clay. Mix methyl 1605 powder with wet soil and sprinkle it around the plant, and the pests will be poisoned if they come close.

Spray with 500 times solution of methamidophos emulsifiable concentrate, pay attention to spraying evenly when spraying, and spray the back of the leaves.

Sprinkle the soil surface with insecticide powder, 10 15g per plant

It doesn't take much time to grow sunflowers, so it's more convenient to grow sunflowers. So what are the common pests and diseases of sunflowers? What are the main control methods of sunflower pests and diseases?

How to control sunflower pests and diseases to minimize the damage? Let's ** sunflower common pests and diseases and their control methods.

Sunflowers focus on the control of aphids, almond bees, almond scale insects, etc.

Aphids: The key to controlling aphids is to spray pesticides before germination, that is, during the flower bud expansion period. During this period, 4000 to 5000 times the solution of imidacloprid can be used.

After germination, 4000 5000 times of imidacloprid solution and 2000 3000 times of chlorine cover deltamethrin solution can kill aphids, and can also be ** almond bee. After sitting, you can kill 1500 times the liquid with aphids.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum: spray 50-80 times of the emulsion of the oil before germination and in late May, respectively, and add 1500 times of acesalixonoids.

1. Sunflower downy mildew

Measures:

1.Establish a disease-free seed preservation farm. It is strictly forbidden to introduce seeds from epidemic areas, and make every effort to protect disease-free areas.

2.Implement grass crop rotation.

3.Use disease-resistant varieties.

4.Sow at the right time, not too late, with the right density, not too dense. Pull out the diseased plants in the field and spray or water the roots to prevent the disease from spreading.

2. Sunflower gray mold

Sunflower gray mold occurs very widely, the incidence is serious, can cause sunflower stem folding, flower disc and seed kernel rot, the threat to sunflower production is great, the common root rot type, stem rot type, leaf rot type, flower rot type four types, among which root rot type, flower rot type is seriously damaged. Flower rot refers to the damage of the flower disc, the appearance of water-soaked spots on the back of the disc, which turns brown and rots in the later stage, and grows white mycelium, which spreads between the achenes and the fruiting base, forming a black nucleus. Mildly infected flower discs produce small seeds that are dull, have a bitter taste, peel off the epidermis, and most seeds fail to germinate.

Measures:

1.Prevention and control methods: First of all, we should pay attention to the implementation of crop rotation and stubble.

Encourage the rotation of sunflower and grasses such as millet, cereals, and corn, and avoid continuous cropping with leguminous and solanaceae crops. Crop rotation is at least three to five years. At the time of the autumn harvest, remove as much straw as possible, dig out the root stubble, and turn it more than 20 centimeters deeper.

2.Chemical control: treat the seed coating agent at the right time, or soak the seeds with carbendazim wettable powder for three hours; For the prevention and control of blight, quicklime wettable powder can be mixed with an appropriate amount of sand per mu one kilogram, combined with sowing, and the seeds can be evenly sprinkled into the seeder to open a ditch; At the beginning of the field disease, the plant is planted with quicklime or mycorrhizal netting watered with plant root control, and the solution should be applied once every two weeks, at least twice.

3. Sunflower borer

Both adults and larvae of sunflower borers can cause damage, with adults occurring in late June to early July. In early August, the eggs hatch into larvae, feed on seeds, and often bite into many tunnels and spit out wire mesh; When it rains, the flower disc often rots, reducing the yield and quality of the sunflower.

Measures:

1.During the flowering period of sunflowers, trichlorfon is sprayed before the larvae eat the seeds, but it is harmful to the bees, resulting in more empty shells.

2.Biologics, such as BT emulsion diluents, can also be used to spray discs. In areas with serious damage, adults are used as the main prevention, combined with larval control, fumigation with dichlorvos or application of dichlorvos in early July when the adult is in full bloom.

A common pest of sunflowers is the grass borer, which can be sprayed with deltamethrin EC; Leafminer flies can be sprayed with trichlorfon powder or pine borer powder; The black velvet golden tortoise shell can be sprayed with carpyl or angelica powder; Mongolian grey weevil, methyl 1605 powder mixed with wet soil and sprayed around plants; The mesh sand dives and sprays with a 500x solution of methamidophos EC.

Almond bees, mole crickets, ground tigers, grubs, needleworms. Prepare some medicines for these bugs and spray them in the sunflower field, and that's it.

Pests such as ground tigers, needleworms, beetles, etc., should be sprayed at the sunflower seedling stage, and they should be observed more and sprayed in time.

Powdery mildew, black spot, borer, gray mold, listed as disease, need to spray pesticides on time, pay attention to the growth of plants, and clean up the plants that have been diseased.