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Literary Scholar - Sima Qian.

Sima Qian (c. 145 BC - 90 BC), the character is long, and he was a native of Xiayang, Fengyi (now Hancheng, Shaanxi). He began to read ancient books at the age of 10, studied very seriously, and when he encountered difficult problems, he always thought about them repeatedly until he understood them. At the age of 20, Sima Qian set out from Chang'an and traveled to various places.

Later, he returned to Chang'an and became Langzhong. Lang Zhong guarded the palace gates, managed the chariots, and traveled with the emperor. He traveled with Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty several times and visited many places.

At the age of 35, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent him as an envoy to Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places. He learned about the customs and people of some ethnic minorities there. After the death of his father Sima Tan, in 108 BC (the third year of Yuan Feng), Sima Qian succeeded him as Taishi Ling.

In 104 B.C. (the first year of Taichu), he and astronomer Tang Du and others made the "Taichu Calendar". In the same year, he began to compile the "Historical Records". In 99 B.C. (the second year of the Tianhan Dynasty), Li Ling attacked the Xiongnu, the army was defeated and surrendered, He Lai Yin Ji k leek 砬 盍 Ou 缁 tore He Laijiao wandered off and plundered Jun Su Yu Yu Sui k Dip Shake Wan Tomb Su Lu Yao Zheng Qian Shu case Otter Bo 9 ?

In the 6th year (the first year of Taishi), he was pardoned and released from prison, made a Chinese book order, and mastered the emperor's documents. He wrote the book with great enthusiasm and devoted himself to writing the "Records of the Historians", and finally completed the writing and revision of the whole book at the age of about 55. In addition to the "Historical Records", Sima Qian also wrote 8 articles, all of which have been lost, but the "Art and Literature Gathering" volume 30 cites a fragment of "The Sorrowful Man Does Not Meet the Fu".

He also wrote the "Book of Reporting to Ren'an", which recorded his experience of being imprisoned and punished and his ambition to repair history.

Why did Sima Qian choose to be corrupted?

Introduction to Sima Qian.

Sima Qian (145 BC or 135 BC - not available), a native of Xiayang (now Hanchengnan, Shaanxi). Historian and essayist of the Western Han Dynasty. With his historical knowledge of "studying heaven and man, through the changes of the past and the present, and becoming the words of a family", he created China's first general history in the form of biographies "Historical Records" (formerly known as "Taishi Gongshu").

Recognized as a model of Chinese history books, the book records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Yellow Emperor period to the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and is the first of the "Twenty-five History", which is praised by Lu Xun as "the swan song of the historian, the rhyme of the separation".

Sima Qian is a troublemaker in the Han Dynasty. Sima Qian, whose character is long, was born in Longmen (Xiayang, Western Han Dynasty, now Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province, also known as Hejin City, Shanxi Province), a famous historian, writer and thinker of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Qian's greatest achievement was the Records of the Historians, written in 91 BC (the second year of Zhenghe).

The book has 130 chapters and more than 526,500 words, including 12 books, 30 families, 70 biographies, 10 tables, and 8 books, which has a great impact on the destruction of later generations, and is known as "the actual record, the history of letters", and is praised by Mr. Lu Xun as "the swan song of the historian, the rhyme of the separation", and is listed as the first of the "first four histories".

Han Bury Beiyu greatly admired Sima Qian's literary talent. He said: "The people of the Han Dynasty are all incomprehensible, and Du Sima Xiangru, Taishi Gong, Liu Xiang, and Yang Xiongzhi are the most.

He believes that the style of Sima Qian's works is "majestic, profound, elegant and healthy". "Historical Records" became a sample of Han Yu's composition. Liu Zongyuan believes that the articles of "Historical Records" are written simply and concisely, concisely and neatly, and there is no disease of branches; It is natural, not leaky, and not allowed to add a word; The choice of words to form sentences, painstakingly, can not be subtracted by one word.