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At the time of reform and opening up3, China's economic strength has been greatly improved. When we take the other world, i.e., the developed countries of the West, as a reference, we have achieved the economic growth expectations relatively smoothly. However, in accordance with this "backward-progressive" modern development model, we have to deal with another problem that accompanies economic development:
Environmental issues, and sometimes even risk issues.
Due to the difference in the development time period between the developed countries of the West and China, China's own problem has emerged, and there is no experience for others to learn from in solving this problem. The developed countries of the West have entered the industrial society and the risk society in turn, but China must face the problem of both the industrial society and the risk society.
As Deng Zhenglai points out, "China's development process since 1978 has provided possible "channels" for the current "world structure" to influence China in terms of institutions and structures and their consequences.
First, China has been pursuing high-speed economic development under the domination of developmentalist ideology, with a view to entering an "industrial society"; Second, China is undergoing a movement of social transformation and institutional change under the "coercion" of Western values, although it is extremely difficult; Third, the structure of the gap between the rich and the poor formed by China's development has led to the coexistence of environmental hazards and techno-industrial hazards.
This, combined with the many nuclear power plants that have been built in recent years, indicates that China has somehow entered a risk society in the second modern world. As Chinese society moves forward, it needs to solve the paradox between economic development and environmental protection. The logic of an industrial society is different from that of a risk society.
As Beck points out in The Risk Society, in classical industrial societies, the "logic" of wealth production dominates the "logic" of risk production, whereas in a risk society, this relationship is reversed.
He also pointed out that "the driving force of class society can be summed up in the following sentence: I am hungry! On the other hand, the driving force of the risk society can be expressed as: I am afraid! The commonality of anxiety replaces the commonality of need. ”
Much of China's future depends on how it deals with these dilemmas today. As a latecomer, China has no experience to learn from, and to a large extent has moved forward in a "trial and error" way on its development path.
At the same time, due to the large Chinese population, uneven regional economic development, and the existence of the dual structure of urban and rural areas, many problems add to the complexity of this dilemma - economic development and environmental protection, or risk prevention and control.
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Sixty years, time and years, sixty years, the vicissitudes of China. Looking back, in the past 60 years, how many ups and downs the Chinese nation has passed, how many ups and downs it has gone through, how many disasters the Chinese people have conquered, and how it has changed from the sick man of East Asia to a world power, this may be a mystery to the people of the world, but we Chinese sons and daughters understand that this depends on a kind of spirit, a kind of Chinese spirit.
A spirit that all Chinese people have. Take the 5 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China as an example, at 2:28 p.m. on May 12, 2008, the world suddenly turned around, and Wenchuan suddenly became a ruin, with crying, shouting, complaining, and lamenting ......In the face of the sudden disaster, the sons and daughters of China did not bow their heads.
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In many aspects, the Chinese spirit can be expressed in advance, including the spirit of unity of the Chinese people, and the powerful and shocking spirit of the Chinese honor guard walking in the phalanx.
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