How to breed wintering bees in autumn?

The quality of bee colony reproduction in autumn is directly related to the safe wintering of bee colonies and the production of bee colonies in the coming year. To breed wintering bees, it is necessary to determine the most suitable period for breeding wintering bees according to the local pollen source and climatic conditions. The best breeding period for wintering bees in North China is from August 20 to September 20.

Before the arrival of the breeding period, the king can be detained for about 10 days to improve the egg laying ability of the queen bee, and it is also convenient to cut off the child and treat mites. The overwintering bee cultivation group should have a strong group potential, and the group strength should be merged if the group strength is insufficient, or the two kings should be organized to breed in the same box for wintering. Overwintering breeding herds are to take advantage of new kings.

Reward feeding for colonies that begin to enter the breeding stage of overwintering bees, and make up pollen when pollen is insufficient. Deduct the king in a timely manner to prevent the overwintering bees from participating in the feeding work, so as to prolong the life of the overwintering bees.

With the end of the last honey period of the year, the bee colony shifts from production to breeding and overwintering bees, and the newly multiplying worker bees gradually replace the old bees in summer and become overwintering bees. This stage is mostly in autumn, and it takes 21 to 30 days to reproduce overwintering bees. In order to breed a large number of wintering bees, the production of royal jelly should be stopped in time before the bee colony enters the breeding period, the old and inferior kings should be replaced, the spleen should be tightened, and the mites should be cured.

In the later stage of bee colony, it is necessary to cut off the seeds in time.

In the autumn breeding period, in order to ensure the health of the cultivated worker bees, the production of royal jelly must be stopped, so that the feeding bees can concentrate nutrition and feed the worker bee larvae. The overwintering bees of the real age of autumn reproduction are the last 5 or 6 spleens to come out of the house, and the worker bees that come out of the house first are no longer physiologically young overwintering bees because they participate in the work of feeding and carrying feed. Therefore, after entering the autumn breeding, this batch of wintering bees must be multiplied.

Before bees, the group can be adjusted to make up for the weak, and the excess nest spleen in the group can be extracted, and only 7 nest spleens can be retained to make the bee spleen commensurate. Replace the old and bad queens, so that the queen bee of the breeding colony is kept as a young adult queen bee who lays eggs vigorously within a month to a year. Before multiplication, the queen bee is restricted to laying eggs for about 10 days, and after the queen is released, the queen bee is active in laying eggs.

Autumn is the period when the bee colony mite damage is heavier, if you do not pay attention to it, the bee mites brought by the worker bees in the early stage will inevitably be forwarded to the overwintering bees, which is not only unfavorable to the autumn reproduction, but also makes the bee colony unsafe to overwinter, and the parasitic rate of bee mites must be controlled at a low level. There are many ways to control mites, the simplest way is to hang mite flutter pieces to the bee colony at the beginning of autumn, with 1 2 pieces per 10 boxes of bees, and hang them diagonally at the door of the nest and between the nest spleen at the back of the box. During the autumn breeding period, pay attention to keeping the feed sufficient in the colony, if there is no local honey pollen source, the bee colony can be transferred to a place with a honey pollen source.

Otherwise, it is necessary to feed the bee colony with honey and pollen in time. If the feed storage of the bee colony is sufficient, attention should be paid to rewarding it with dilute sugar water.

When the spleen of the colony reaches 5 6, and it is found that the egg laying rate of the queen bee begins to decline, and the relationship between the bee and the spleen tends to be less than the spleen, when the first batch of caps are out of the house one after another, the queen bee should be put into the queen cage, so that a large number of new worker bees do not participate in the larval feeding work, to ensure that the new worker bees remain physiologically young and become wintering bees of appropriate age.

The so-called wintering age bees are physiologically younger bees that have been fully flown and excreted after leaving the house, but have not undertaken the task of feeding and collecting. The overwintering bee is of appropriate age, the overwintering effect is good, and the overwintering bee is poor, the overwintering bee quality is good, and the reproduction rate is faster in the next spring. To reach a healthy age, overwintering bees must do the following:

control the damage of bee mites to overwintering bees; Select excellent queen bees to breed overwintering bees; the use of double king colonies to breed overwintering bees; During the breeding and wintering bee period, a large number of spleens should be maintained; Provide sufficient high-quality feed for colonies that breed overwintering bees.

Replace the queen bee: In the case of abundant honey sources in the outside world, replace the old, weak, sick and disabled queen bees, and breed a large number of wintering bees. Controlling the Temperature:

In early autumn, the beehives are covered with straw curtains, and in late autumn they are covered with quilts to keep warm. Adjust the group potential: Before the autumn multiplication, it is necessary to use the strong to supplement the weak intermodulation spleen, and adjust the capped spleen in the strong group to the weak group to enhance the swarm potential of the bees.

1. Replace the queen bee

When bees breed in autumn, in order to speed up the reproduction, it is necessary to replace the queen bee in time, because the new queen bee has a relatively strong egg-laying ability, and in the case of abundant external honey sources, replace the old, weak, sick and disabled queen bee, so as to give full play to the egg-laying advantages of the new queen bee and cultivate a large number of wintering bees.

2. Control the temperature

When breeding bees in autumn, because the temperature in early autumn is still relatively high, this time it is necessary to cover the beehive with a layer of grass curtain, and at the same time strengthen the internal air convection to provide suitable breeding conditions for the bees.

3. Adjust the group potential

When the bee colony is reproducing in autumn, it is necessary to adjust the colony according to climate change, the principle of bees and spleens in the early stage, avoid rushing to add spleen in the middle and late stages, and make more bees than spleens, and before the autumn reproduction, it is necessary to make up for the weak and intermodulate the spleen, and adjust the cap spleen in the strong group to the weak group, so as to enhance the group potential of the bees.

4. Breeding time

The autumn breeding time of bees in the south is from September to October every year, while the bees in the north begin to reproduce in August, due to the slow decline in temperature in the south, the bees generally end their breeding in mid-December, and the north completes the breeding task in October.

The wintering bee colony should be strong, with many juvenile bees, sufficient feed, strong queen bees, strong egg-laying ability, and dense wintering colonies.

For wintering hives, they can be arranged in a "concave" type. Cut off more than half of the 1 2 honeycombs of the honeycomb, and then reduce the area of the honeycombs to both sides in turn, and finally leave the outer honeycomb as the whole spleen. In this way, when it is cold, the bees tend to clump together in the notch to keep warm.

In areas where the temperature is higher than 4, the colony only needs to be densely insulated by the colony itself for wintering. In areas with low temperatures, it is necessary to do a good job of keeping warm inside and outside the box. The space in the box can be filled with straw, and the box body is surrounded by a straw curtain to leave the nest door, and the bottom of the box is cushioned with straw.

Wintering bee colonies should be displayed in a dry and quiet place facing north and south. Try to avoid all loud noises and vibrations, prevent rats and other infestations, prevent direct sunlight from the nest door, and reduce the amount of bee colony activity as much as possible.

(1) Preparation before overwinteringWhen a bee colony enters the overwintering period, preparations should be made first.

Adjust the colony. A comprehensive inspection of all bee colonies should be carried out once, and the bee colonies should be adjusted according to the inspection situation. Extract the excess empty spleen, remove the relay box, and keep only the nest box.

If the bee colony is too weak, you can add a partition to the nest box**, separate the two rooms, and put a weak group in each room called double king in the same box, and the two weak groups can keep each other warm. Strong swarms should also be kept with more bees than spleen. The imprisoned king is cut off.

The queen bee can be imprisoned in a cage for about 15 days, so that the queen bee can completely cut off her baby and rest. Change the spleen and disinfect it, and tighten the hive. After the king is cut off, there are no bees in the nest, the nest spleen can be raised, smoked with sulfur, rinsed and dried with water, and then put into the group, and then the hive is tightened, so that there are more bees than the spleen, which is conducive to wintering.

2) Wintering insulation work:

Insulated in the box. Place the condensed bee spleen in the honeycomb** and clamp the insulation board on both sides. Outside the partitions on both sides, tie a small handful of straw to fill the space, cover the frame beam with a cloth, and narrow the nest door.

Packing outside the box. There are two types: single group packaging and combined packaging. After the single group packaging is made of insulation in the box, a straw curtain is used longitudinally on the top of the box cover to enclose the front and rear walls, and then a straw curtain is used horizontally, and the walls on both sides are wrapped to the bottom of the box, leaving the nest door, and then plastic film is added to wrap it to prevent rain.

The joint packaging is to first lay bricks or stones on the ground, put a layer of thick straw, and then arrange the beehives with bees and internal insulation on the straw, every 2 6 groups as a group, and the gap between the boxes is also filled with straw, and the front and back are surrounded by straw curtains. Shrink the nest door and cover it with plastic film to protect it from the rain.

3) Overwintering management:

After doing a good job of thermal insulation, do not open the box often during the wintering period, and mainly observe outside the box. If some worker bees are found to fan the wind out of the nest, it means that the nest is stuffy, and the nest door should be enlarged, or the insulation on the cover should be removed for a short time, the ventilation should be strengthened, and rodent infestation should also be prevented.

As long as the bee keeps enough honey in the nest, put it in a ventilated and dry place, do not let the wind blow the rain, and ensure that the temperature in the phase is 1 to 10 degreesBelow 1 degree will freeze to death the bee colony, higher than 4 degrees bee colony consumes more feed, shorten the life of the bee, more than 10 degrees queen bee gives birth early, so after the beginning of spring, the outside temperature rises to more than 10 degrees in the first 21 days to keep warm so that the queen bee begins to give birth, if the young bees out of the nest, the outside temperature is lower than ten degrees, the young bees can not fly out of the phase and excrete in batches to die in the phase, so the above temperature adjustment is decided according to the temperature in your area. At the junction of Yunnan, Guichuan and Sichuan, from January 1o to 20, the temperature will be kept warm to let the queen bee start laying eggs.

Beekeepers explain tips for safe wintering.

During the autumn equinox season, bees can survive the winter, as long as they have enough honey.

Looking at the nectar source, most beekeepers know that the success rate of artificial bee distribution is high, and whether the local nectar source is sufficient. Why do you have to manually separate bees at the stage when the nectar source is sufficient, and can't you do it at other stages? To be precise, it is just to do a manual treatment of pushing the boat down the river according to the characteristics of the bees, so that the size of the bee colony can be accurately grasped, and the drawbacks such as flight or inconsistent bee colony size caused by natural bee division can be avoided.

If you choose to forcibly divide the bees manually in the season when the nectar source is scarce, it will be difficult for the bee colony to succeed if it does not have the mood to divide the bees. (Just like getting married, it's not okay if two people don't have the will to get married.) If you don't do it, and weaken the whole bee colony, it will be more than worth the loss.

Because the bee colony considers that there must be enough nectar food to reproduce and grow after the bees are divided, otherwise it will kill itself and starve to death.

Look at the environment, bee breeding is distributed in most parts of our country, from the tropical climate in the south (four seasons such as spring) to the plateau temperate climate in the north (cold in winter), if you choose to carry out autumn artificial bee reproduction in October, in the south it is okay, winter is not cold and there are a large number of honey sources, even small bee colonies can safely winter, and then take a step back, winter is not cold and there is no food can also be convenient to open the box to supplement feeding. If it's in the cold north, it's winter soon after the autumn equinox. The point is that autumn in the north is more like winter in the south, and it is impossible to divide bees in winter in the south.

If the colony is too small to collect enough food in the northern bins to grow the colony, it will not be able to maintain the heat preservation effect in the cold winter, and the colony will freeze to death rather than starve.

In October, the queen bee was released, and the queen bee began to breed in December.

How to overwinter bees:

1. In mid to late November of each Zen year, prepare bees for winter.

2. Choose a sunny, dry and leeward place for the beehive in advance, and control the temperature between minus 2 degrees and 8 degrees above zero.

3. When the temperature is higher than the octave, use sprinkling or ventilation to cool down, otherwise it will consume a lot of energy and feed because of the frequent dust washing activities of bees, which will affect the normal reproduction of the next year.

3. If the temperature of the beehive is lower than minus two degrees, the bees will eat desperately because they need heat, and the cold environment will shorten their lifespan.