How to look at Li Hongzhang, the main figure of the Westernization Movement

Liang Qichao's "Biography of Li Hongzhang" commented on him: "I respect Li Hongzhang's talent, I cherish Li Hongzhang's knowledge, and I am sad about Li Hongzhang's encounter." ”

The scapegoat has a heart to change and is powerless to return to heaven is a Westernist.

Westernization movement. Li Hongzhang in .

Three modern enterprises were founded: Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Kaiping Mining Bureau, and Shanghai Machine Weaving Layout.

In the later period of the Westernization Movement, in order to solve the difficulties in the military industry's funds, fuel, transportation, etc., the Westernists set up a number of civilian industries under the banner of "seeking wealth." In 1872, Li Hongzhang established the China Merchants Steamship Bureau in Shanghai.

The first civilian enterprise founded by the Westernists. China Merchants has only been in operation for three years, and it has been cleared.

** More than 13 million taels of silver, but also to develop the business to foreign countries, breaking the monopoly of foreign shipping companies.

In modern China, mining, telegraph, postal, railway and other industries have emerged one after another. Light industry.

It was also vigorously developed during the Westernization Movement. In 1880, Zuo Zongtang.

Founded Lanzhou Weaving Bureau, becoming the originator of China's modern textile industry.

China's modern textile industry, waterworks, power plants, machine silk reeling, ginning, papermaking, printing, pharmaceuticals, glass manufacturing, etc., were all in the nineteenth century.

The seventies and eighties began to be established. Under the impetus of the Westernization Movement, China's civilian industry has developed rapidly, laying the foundation of China's modern chemical industry.

During the Westernization Movement, the enterprises founded by Li Hongzhang included Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Kaiping Mining Bureau, and Shanghai Machine Weaving Layout.

Kaiping Mining Bureau, Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Steamship Merchants Residence.

Are you asking what Li Hongzhang advocated during the Westernization Movement? This man's proposition was to advance the Westernization movement.

According to today's headline information, Li Hongzhang's idea at that time was to promote the Westernization Movement, through the introduction of Western technology and culture, the introduction of advanced technology, the transformation of traditional technology, to accelerate the process of China's modernization, especially he promoted the establishment of modern chemical plants, bells and cannons and other modern production facilities, the promotion of scientific college education, the implementation of the Western-style hall system, from a macro point of view to promote China's modernization process.

Part of the reason for the fact that there were a large number of backward factors and stubborn forces in the Zhongzhao Kailuo country, which prevented his modernization plan from being realized and led to social problems. In addition, the Westernization Movement has been criticized and questioned by the opposition, questioning whether it violates traditional Chinese culture and other issues.

Li Hongzhang had a close relationship with the Westernization Movement. Li Hongzhang was an important politician and reformer in the last years of the Qing Dynasty, he played in the Westernization movementAn important role.

The Westernization Movement refers to a series of comprehensive modernization and reform movements carried out by China in the late Qing Dynasty (mid-19th century to early 20th century) in order to resist the aggression of foreign powers and rejuvenate the country. As one of the most important members of the Qing Dynasty, Li Hongzhang actively participated in and promoted the Westernization Movement.

Li Hongzhang was mainly responsible for the Westernization MovementReform of military and foreign affairs. Void TownHe advocatedDraw on Western science and technology and military systemsto enhance China's national defense capabilities. He personally organized China's first modern naval Beiyang Fleet and introducedWestern methods of **, artillery and military training

In diplomacy, heParticipated in the signing of a series of unequal treaties such as the Treaty of Shimonosekito safeguard China's interests.

However, there are also some problems and limitations in the implementation of the Westernization movement. By the pie rock for a variety of reasons, theseThe reform measures did not have the desired effect, which cannot fundamentally change China's predicament.

In short, the poor envy is coarseLi Hongzhang played an important role in promoting the Westernization Movement, he is committed to the introduction of Western science and technology and military systems to strengthen China's power. However, the limited success of the Westernization Movement also exposed some problems.

Li Hongzhang had a close relationship with the Westernization Movement. The Westernization Movement was a comprehensive reform movement launched in the late Qing Dynasty to promote modernization, and it was also one of the explorations of China's modernization. As one of the highest in the late Qing Dynasty, Li Hongzhang played a great role in promoting the initiation and promotion of the Westernization Movement.

Specifically, Li Xiaoxian Hongzhang began his path of modernization and reform after being appointed as the political envoy of Jiangsu in 1861. He not only vigorously promoted Jiangsu's economic development, but also carried out a series of modernization reforms, introduced Western science and technology and culture, and vigorously promoted the Westernization movement. Since then, he has held many important positions, such as the general office of the Beiyang Navy Division, the general office of the Jingshi Craft School, etc., which played a very important role in the promotion of the Westernization movement.

Li Hongzhang was not only one of the main promoters of the Westernization Movement, but also played an important role in many Westernization projects. For example, he presided over the construction of the Beiyang Dock and the shipyard, and organized manpower and material resources to actively promote the establishment and development of the Beiyang Naval Division. In addition, he also promoted the reform of China's political system and economic opening up to modernization, so that China began to embark on the road of modernization.

In short, without a promoter like Li Hongzhang, the achievements of the Westernization Movement would not have been so rapid or in-depth under the conditions at that time. Therefore, it can be said that the relationship between Li Hongzhang and the Westernization Movement is inseparable.

Li Hongzhang was one of the main initiators and representatives of the Westernization Movement.

In the late Qing Dynasty, due to the feeling of the Western powers' sharp guns and the weakness of the country's people, the feudal bureaucrats represented by Li Hongzhang (Governor of Zhili) and Zhang Zhidong (Governor of Huguang) launched the Westernization Peikai Movement.

Li Hongzhang began to prepare for the Beiyang coastal defense, mainly purchased from outside, supplemented by self-manufacturing, and built the Beiyang Naval Division in the 14th year of Guangxu (1888). In order to cultivate talents needed for "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth", he also established various new-style schools and sent people to Europe and the United States to study and get brothers. At the same time, we will vigorously develop civil undertakings such as mining, machinery, ships, and textiles.

Among its accessories are the steamship China Merchants Bureau founded by Li Hongzhang, the Kaiping Mining Bureau, and the Shanghai Machine Weaving Layout. Hanyang Iron Works founded by Jang Zhidong, etc. In order to enhance the combat effectiveness of the army, Li Hongzhang also founded several military industries, such as the Suzhou Machinery Bureau, the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, and so on.

The relationship between Li Hongzhang and the Westernization Movement can be said to be inseparable. Quite closely.

The Westernization Movement was a major reform and reform movement in modern Chinese history, mainly during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty (1861-1908), which aimed to absorb advanced Western technology and culture in order to revitalize the country. Li Hongzhang was a famous ** at the end of the Qing Dynasty, who played an important role in the Westernization Movement and played a key role in promoting the development of the Westernization Movement.

Li Hongzhang had outstanding talents in politics, diplomacy and military affairs, and he was very supportive of the Westernization Movement and actively participated in it. In 1862, he became one of the leaders of the Westernization Movement and began to explore China's modernization. He actively pursued the policy of the Westernization Movement, encouraged the innovation and practice of science and technology, opened many factories and workshops, and introduced advanced technology and industrial equipment from the West, which greatly promoted China's industrialization and modernization process.

Li Hongzhang also won a favorable environment and conditions for the Westernization Movement diplomatically. He actively sought technical assistance and cooperation from Western countries through diplomatic means, and signed a number of treaties conducive to the development of the Westernization movement, such as the "Treaty of Wangxia" and the "Treaty of Shimonoseki," which promoted cultural exchanges between China and the West and the development of science and technology.

On the military front, Li Hongzhang also vigorously supported the Westernization Movement. He actively promoted the reform, so that the army's equipment and equipment have been modernized, and at the same time, he also began to set up a modern navy and artillery units, laying the foundation for China's military modernization.

To sum up, Li Hongzhang was a key figure in the Westernization Movement, and he made great contributions to the development of the Westernization Movement. His political, diplomatic, and military skills, as well as his unwavering pursuit of modernization, have provided strong support and assistance to China's modernization process.

The Westernization Movement was intended to be good, but there was still a feudal system, coupled with the over-reliance on Western powers, and the vice of favoritism and malpractice within the enterprise, so the failure of the Westernization Movement was an inevitable result.

In order to consolidate their position, the rulers of the imperial court decided to start the Westernization Movement.

At that time, Li Hongzhang mainly advocated the use of foreign advanced technology to enrich the country and the people to maintain the rule at that time, and these ** were called "Westerners"; Of course, there are also some ** because of the feudal and conservative thinking, these ** are called "diehards". The recalcitrant faction wanted to resist foreign humiliation through the ideas of loyalty, propriety and righteousness, and opposed the Westernization movement, and the personnel of the two factions engaged in fierce struggle with each other at the two times, and the ruler Cixi at that time understood that the country was in a difficult situation at home and abroad, and that in order to maintain the dominance of the Qing Dynasty, it was necessary to get the support of the Westernists who were strong and ideologically advanced, so Cixi temporarily supported the strategy of the Westernists, so the Westernists set off a Westernization movement with the purpose of "self-improvement and wealth" from the 60s to the mid-90s of the 19th century.

The Westernization Movement played a certain role in the process, but it also suffered from some difficulties.

After the baptism of many wars, the Westernists gradually realized the advanced nature of the West, so they developed modern military industries with the slogan of self-improvement, the most important of which was a number of modern military industries such as the Anqing Ordnance Institute, the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, and the Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau. So machine production began to slow down the traditional manual production, this reform is a major development in production technology, the new type of production changed the situation of the Qing army before the Westernization Movement to cold weapons to repentance, to a certain extent to improve the combat effectiveness.

However, after a period of time, the Westernists encountered a series of problems and disturbances when maintaining the operation of the military industry, and due to the lack of financial resources at that time, the Westernists put forward the slogan of "seeking wealth" and set up some private enterprises to assist the military industry in solving the problems of capital and transportation.

a."Searching for molds and destroying hair, leaking molds and twisting the book is the first, followed by governing Russia, and then governing Britain".

b."But seek reconciliation outside, and self-improvement inside."

c."Master Yi long skills to control Yi".

d."The axiom of the world is also changer".

Correct answer: "But I want to reconcile with Waitun, and Neizhou must be self-reliant".

1. Weapon making is the first priority in military training.

2. If China wants to become self-reliant, it is better to learn from foreign weapons. If you want to learn foreign weapons, it is better to find the tools of the craft, and learn from them without having to use them to the fullest. If you want to find the utensils and the people who make the utensils, you may set up a special subject to take the scholars, and the scholars will be hung for life as the hoofs of wealth and fame, and the shack can be successful, the art can be refined, and the talent can also be collected.

3. The ancient and modern national situation must be rich first and then strong, especially the people's livelihood, and the country can be consolidated.

4. I have done a lifetime of things in the Slippery Tomb, training the army, and the navy, all of them are papier-mâché tigers, but they are barely embellished, and they have no letters.