What are the psychological characteristics and needs of the elderly?

The main psychological needs.

1. Health needs.

This is a common psychological state among the elderly. When people reach old age, they often have a fear of old age, disease, and death. [1]

2. Dependency needs.

When people reach old age, their energy, physical strength, and mental power have declined, and some people cannot take care of themselves completely, and they hope to be cared for. The filial piety of children will make them feel dependent on their old age.

3. Quiet needs.

Older people generally prefer to be quiet and are afraid of noise. Some elderly people are afraid of Sunday, when their children, children and grandchildren come and spend the day in a chaotic manner, and for the elderly, such Sundays are "distressed Sundays".

4. The need for harmony.

Regardless of the family's economic conditions, as long as the whole family is harmonious, the neighbors have a harmonious relationship, respect and love each other, and help each other, the elderly will feel warm and happy.

5. Domination demand.

Older people used to be the head of the family and held the control of the family. However, due to the change in socioeconomic status after old age, the family status and dominance of the elderly may be affected. This can also cause distress for the elderly.

6. Courtship needs.

The elderly are lonely after being widowed, and taking care of their children is not a long-term solution, so the children should support the courtship needs of the elderly.

7. Respect needs.

Older people may be depressed when they leave work, and if they are not respected, they will be pessimistic and even reluctant to go out, and in the long run, it will cause depression and depression, which will lay the foundation for the disease.

8. Work requirements.

Most of the elderly who have retired are still able to work, and suddenly leaving the job will definitely give rise to many thoughts about returning to work and showing their worth.

9.Learning needs.

Live and learn. The elderly should give full play to their spare time through rich learning and elderly life.

Psychological adaptation in older adults.

1. Psychological preparation for the degenerative changes of old age and life in old age.

2. Positive transformation of social roles and activities.

3. Reflect the value of the elderly and maintain their own dignity.

4. Husband and wife love and family harmony are the elements of the happy life of the elderly.

5. Deepen the friendship between friends.

6. Avoid evasive adaptation [2].

Because the elderly are already retired, there will be some gaps in their hearts, thinking that they have no value anymore, and they are afraid of being left out by others. Therefore, they are especially eager for the attention and attention of others, hoping that they can still be useful in old age.

The psychological characteristics of the elderly should include being recognized, respected, living with dignity, filial piety to their children, having an adequate pension, having a healthy body and the ability to live freely on their own.

Psychological needs include understanding, listening, respect, and recognition.

For the psychological characteristics and psychological needs of the elderly, for the elderly, their hearts are actually eager for the company of their children, and their hearts are very lonely, so as children, we must do a good job in the psychological comfort and guidance of the elderly, and accompany them more.

As the saying goes, old people are like children. The psychological characteristic is that there is no such vigorous, hard-working heart, and there is no ambition; Psychologically it is necessary to live in a quiet and carefree environment, and to live happily with children and grandchildren.

The elderly may be afraid of loneliness, loneliness and loneliness, afraid of diseases, they need the comfort of their families, they need the company of their families, and their psychology is more fragile, so we must treat the elderly well. Loving and respecting the elderly is a virtue of the Chinese nation.

The psychological characteristics of the elderly are how to do their children without being annoyed, how to make their children feel at ease, and how to live a prosperous life at home and everything; They need the care and companionship of their children in their hearts, and they need their children to always be around their knees.

Compared with middle-aged people, the body of the elderly will have a big change. With the decrease of social activities, the slowdown of the pace of life, the decrease of the amount of information in the outside world, the sharp decline of brain thinking activities, and the natural decline of one's own physiological functions, it will eventually lead to the aging of psychological functions, showing six major characteristics.

One is loneliness. Some elderly people have no normal social work, no more ideological pressure, and fewer people they have daily contact; Most of the children around me have independent families, and it is difficult for them to get together with each other; The relatives in the hometown are gradually estranged, and the family relationship is less rifted; The contact between old colleagues, relatives and friends has also decreased significantly due to physical, family and other reasons; Objective realities such as divorce and widowhood will lead to loneliness if they are not comforted in time if they are not comforted in time.

The second is a sense of loss. Most of the elderly due to leaving the emotional work, has formed a regular behavior is disrupted, the tense "nerves" suddenly relaxed, feel that there is nothing to do, as if they have become superfluous people, if the body suffers from diseases, especially the elderly who have been bedridden for a long time, the sense of loss will become more and more obvious.

The third is a sense of self-blame. After retirement, a considerable number of elderly people will recall the past, when they recall that they did not do their best to colleagues, family, relatives and friends at work, and now they cannot make up for it, they will have a serious sense of self-blame, frustration, regret, and trouble.

Fourth, the psychology of worry is becoming more and more prominent. According to the survey, most of the elderly are often worried about their physical health, because they worry too much about their own health, they can't let go of their psychology, they will be too worried about the life of their younger generations, worried that there are no relatives around them to be left out in the cold, worry about what will happen to their families, worry about their future life is not settled, worry about their spouses and pass away, etc., these worries will increase with age.

Fifth, emotional abnormalities are common. In real life, some elderly people are easily affected by the surrounding environment, are more sensitive to some things, and become narrow-minded.

Sixth, stubbornness has intensified. A small number of elderly people, especially love face, hope that the younger generation and their spouses listen to their own opinions, always think that they have social experience, correct ideas, after encountering problems, if they do not follow their own opinions, they will get angry, make their temperament emotional, and even close themselves off, causing depression and mental illness.

The above are the general psychological characteristics of the elderly, only with a deep understanding of these characteristics, can we deal with them scientifically and effectively, take practical measures, change the negative psychology into positive psychology, so that the elderly can enjoy their old age in happiness.

2. Psychological characteristics of the elderly:

Mentally uncomfortable. Due to the change of the environment, the participant becomes a bystander at work, the positive state changes from a negative state in thought, and there is no spiritual sustenance, resulting in a feeling of loneliness and loneliness.

I don't adapt to life. Work has shifted from a tense to a loose state, from a collective life with time and task requirements to a free and relaxed life.

Emotionally maladjusted. After retirement, it has a more or less certain impact on mood.

a.Brain function declines and cognitive deterioration in the elderly.

b.Perception and memory decline in the elderly.

c.The elderly are emotionally unstable, manifested by a withdrawn temperament, stubbornness, willfulness, and strong self-esteem.

d.When I leave my job, I lose my social role, and I feel that my life is monotonous and boring, and my psychological gap is large.

Correct answer: ABCD

1. Decreased sensation

The first is vision, which begins to age after the age of forty or fifty, followed by varying degrees of reduction in hearing, smell, taste, pain, and touch.

2. Mental retardation

Generally, intelligence peaks at the age of 20 to 40 and gradually declines after the age of 40. The rate of mental decline varies from person to person, but generally decreases significantly after the age of 60. Changes in the intelligence of older adults are influenced by many factors, such as education level, certain life experiences, life and family environment, etc.

3. Memory loss

Memory loss usually appears first, with good memory of distant events, poor memory of recent events, and difficulty learning new things than younger people. Orientation is often impaired in older people due to memory loss.

4. Mood changes

Mood changes vary widely in older people and require care tailored to individual circumstances.

5. Personality changes in the elderly

It is generally believed that after entering old age, some people pay too much attention to their own functions, have strong self-esteem, stubbornness, and are easily excited, have a certain indifference to the external environment, lack of interest, monotonous life, stereotyped, often unwilling to change the old habits that are harmful to health in the past, and are not easy to adapt to the new environment.

6. Behavioral changes in the elderly

Due to the weakened control of the cerebral cortex, the elderly have some changes in behavior, such as suspiciousness, dependence, irritability, etc., commonly known as old children's behavior changes.