How much time did Zhang Qian s envoy to Xise take and how many tribes he passed, and did he finally

Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was in the first year of his reign (140 years ago). Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty wanted to unite with the Dayue clan to attack the Xiongnu, Zhang Qian was recruited as a messenger, and went out of Longxi in the third year of Jianyuan - 138 BC, passed through the Xiongnu, and was captured. In the Xiongnu for more than 10 years, he married a wife and had children, but he always adhered to the Han Festival.

After escaping, he traveled west to Dawan, passed through Kangju, and arrived at the Dayue clan, where the joint plan was rejected, and then went to Daxia, where he stayed for more than a year before returning. On the way back, Zhang Qian changed from Nandao to Nanshan, trying to avoid being discovered by the Xiongnu, but he was still obtained by the Xiongnu and was detained for more than a year. In the third year of Yuan Shuo (126 BC), the Xiongnu civil strife, Zhang Qian took the opportunity to flee back to the Han Dynasty, and reported the situation in the Western Regions in detail to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

When Zhang Qian was in Bactria , he learned that the road from the southwest of Shu (now Sichuan Basin) to the southwest of Poison (now India) could lead to Bactria because he persuaded Emperor Wu to open the southwest Yi Road, but it was blocked by Kunming Yi and could not be passed. In the sixth year of Yuan Shuo, Zhang Qian accompanied Wei Qing to conquer the Huns, and was meritorious and named Bo Wanghou. In the second year of Yuanzhan (121 BC), he and Li Guang went out to the right of Beiping (now northeast Hebei) to attack the Xiongnu; Zhang Qian was beheaded because of the delay in the military period, and he was spared from being a concubine with a marquis.

After Zhang Qian replied to persuade Emperor Wu to unite with Wusun (in the present-day Ili River Valley), Emperor Wu worshiped Qian as the Zhonglang general, and in 119 BC led 300 people, cattle and sheep with tens of thousands of gold silks, and sent Wusun to envoy. Zhang Qian went to Wusun and sent deputy envoys to Dawan, Kangju, Yueshi, Daxia and other neighboring countries, and this trip also achieved great results, and the countries of the Western Regions also sent envoys to visit Chang'an. Wusun sent an envoy to send Zhang Qian back to Han and offered a horse to thank him.

In the second year of Yuan Ding (115 BC), Zhang Qian returned. He died the following year.

Zhang Qian went to the Western Regions twice in his life, the first time he was detained for more than ten years, and the second time was successfully completed.

Zhang Qian made a total of two envoys to the Western Regions, the first time was in 139 BC, to find the Dayue clan to fight the Xiongnu together, and the second time was in 119 BC, to the Western Regions to Wusun, wanting to unite with Wusun to attack the Xiongnu.

"The Belt and Road, the Silk Road. Since this suggestion was put forward, it has also contributed a lot of value to the import and export of fruits, and I would like to talk to you about what the earliest Silk Road in China was? <>

The story of Zhang Qian, the first Chinese to open his eyes to the world, who went to the Western Regions, must have learned it all in junior high school. First of all, I also want to get to know Zhang Qian with you, Zhang Qian is a famous diplomat in the Western Han Dynasty The pioneer of China's Silk Road, he brought our country's tea and many characteristic things to the Western Regions Not only that, but also many local specialties and crops in the Western Regions have also been brought back to the Central Plains, he can say without exaggeration Zhang Qian is the pioneer of the economy and the founder of the economy. <>

The ancient Silk Road, in the era in which Zhang Qian lived, the traditional starting point of the Silk Road must be China, the ancient capital of Chang'an, and he passed through some countries in Central Asia, such as Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, and then reached the Mediterranean, and ended in Rome, which was also very famous at that time, according to the current measurement, the whole journey is about more than 6,000 kilometers.

The Silk Road, also known as the intersection of ancient Eastern and Western civilizations, also wants to mention here, why is it called the Silk Road? Because silk is a special product of our country, and it is also a product that can best represent our country's goods, it is precisely because of this road that natural people have made the Silk Road. <>

Of course, the times are developing, the Silk Road has come all the way from ancient China, and until now, we have restarted. On the original ancient Silk Road, we have also added many places along with the monuments of our ancestors, not only that, but also brought our country's enthusiasm and good attitude to many countries. So in this matter, Zhang Qian really made a great contribution.

**How important is it to talk about this topic, then we must mention the Qing Dynasty's closed country, at that time, China's manpower and material resources have also reached a very good state, and it is precisely because of this that we have adopted a closed country Gold coins on our country make us unable to communicate with the outside world, which also makes us unable to understand the form of the outside world, over time, we have begun to stand still, and the Western powers have also begun to study a series of mechanical supplies such as trains, This is to let them open our doors with gunpowder, and open our century-old history of blood and tears.

Therefore, for a country, opening the door and going out is the only way for us to be able to see the current pattern of the world very clearly, and to adapt to the situation.

It was supposed to take the Hexi Corridor, from Xi'an to Gansu, and then through Xinjiang to Central Asia, and the impact of this road was very far-reaching.

It is the Silk Road, and this road has a very great impact on the present, and it also affects the economic development of our country.

At that time, it started from Chang'an, then passed through Gansu, then also passed through Xinjiang, and then reached West and Central Asia.

As a famous diplomat in the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian made two missions to the Western Regions.

1. First trip:

Purpose: To unite the Great Moon Clan against the Xiongnu.

Function: Although this mission did not achieve the original purpose, it had a more detailed understanding of the geography, products, customs and habits of the Western Regions, and provided valuable information for the Han Dynasty to open up the transportation arteries to Central Asia.

2. Second Expedition:

Purpose: To strengthen friendly exchanges with all ethnic groups in the Western Regions.

Function: After the envoy to the Western Regions, the Han Yi culture had frequent exchanges, and the Central Plains civilization spread rapidly to the surrounding areas through the "Silk Road". Zhang Qian made outstanding contributions to the opening of the Silk Road from China to the Western Regions, and is still praised by the world.

Zhang Qian, he made two missions to the Western Regions, once in 138 BC and once in 119 BC.

Zhang Qian made two missions to the Western Regions, the first in 139 BC and the second in 117 BC.

Two times in total.

The first time was in 138 BC and the second in 119 BC.

In the second year of the founding of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (138 BC), Zhang Qian left Chang'an with an envoy of more than 100 people and marched west through Longxi, but was soon captured by the Xiongnu. The Xiongnu imprisoned Zhang Qian for a long time and married a family for him, hoping that he would surrender. Zhang Qian never gave in, always waiting for the opportunity to escape, and 11 years later, taking advantage of the loose defense of the Xiongnu, he finally escaped from the Xiongnu with his entourage.

Zhang Qian and his entourage crossed the Green Mountains to the west, and after a long journey of dozens of days, they arrived at Farghana, which is now the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan in Central Asia. Then King Dawan sent someone to escort Zhang Qian to Kangju (between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers in Sogdiana, Central Asia), and then from Kangju to Dayueshi. However, the Da Yue clan had set up a new king and crossed the Amu Darya River to annex the homeland of Daxia, and was already living and working in peace and contentment, but it was too far away from China to take revenge on the Xiongnu.

Zhang Qian lived here for more than a year and had to return east. On the way back, in order to avoid the interception of the Xiongnu, Zhang Qian did not take the original route and entered the Qaidam Basin along the southern edge of the Tarim Basin, and made a detour to Qinghai to return to China, but unfortunately was captured by the Xiongnu again. Fortunately, a year later, the Xiongnu had civil strife due to the death of Shan Yu, and Zhang Qian was able to escape, and finally returned to Chang'an after a lot of hardships in the third year of Emperor Yuanshuo of the Han Dynasty (126 BC), which led to an impressive scene in the TV series "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty".

Zhang Qian's first mission to the Western Regions lasted 13 years, and although he did not achieve the political goal of forming an alliance with the Dayue Clan, he learned about the politics, economy, geography, culture, and customs of the Western Regions, which laid the foundation for the Central Plains to strengthen ties with the Western Regions in the future. Soon, Zhang Qian used his knowledge of the Western Regions to participate in the war of Wei Qing's attack on the Xiongnu, because he knew where the water grass was, and made great contributions to the victory of this military operation, and was named the Marquis of Bowang by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. At the same time as Zhang Qian's first mission to the Western Regions, the Western Han Dynasty also carried out a series of military campaigns against the Xiongnu, of which the decisive ones were the three battles fought in BC.

In 127 BC, Wei Qing defeated the Xiongnu and took control of the land of Henan (the area south of present-day Hetao); In 121 B.C., the Xiongnu were divided under the blow of Huo Qu's disease, and the evil king of Hun descended to the Han Dynasty, and the Hexi Corridor was completely controlled by the Han Dynasty; In 119 BC, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing parted ways to attack the Xiongnu, and the Xiongnu were defeated and retreated to Mobei. After three large-scale counterattacks, the Western Han Dynasty seized the initiative in the war against the Xiongnu, and the road to the Western Regions was basically unblocked, laying a solid foundation for Zhang Qian's second mission to the Western Regions, the smooth flow of the Silk Road, and the friendly exchanges between the countries of the Western Regions and the Western Han Dynasty.

Zhang Qian is full of pioneering and adventurous spirit, in the second year of the founding of the Western Han Dynasty (139 years ago), by the order of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, by Gan's father as a guide, led more than 100 people to the Western Regions, opened up the north-south road to the Western Regions of the Han Dynasty, that is, the famous Silk Road, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty awarded him the Marquis of Bowang with military merits. Historian Sima Qian praised Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions as "hollowing out", which means "opening the avenue".

Could there be such a thing as a false calculation? At the junction of two years, some places are counted as the year before, or the year after.

A.D. bai

In 138 BC, Zhang Sai took the father of the Xiongnu Du Ren Tangyi as his assistant, and Zhi led more than 100 people from Chang'an (present-day.

Near Inner Xi'an) to cross the west. Unexpectedly, as soon as he entered the Hexi Corridor, he was captured by the Xiongnu and detained for ten years, but Zhang Qian always "held the Han Festival (the letter of the envoy of the Han Dynasty)". In order to recruit Zhang Qian, the Xiongnu monarch Shan (Chan Chan) married him to a local man and gave birth to a son, but he did not shake his belief in completing the mission of the imperial court.

Later, Zhang Qian finally found an opportunity, led his subordinates to escape, rushed west, traveled for dozens of days, and went through hardships, crossing the Green Ridge (now the Pamir Plateau) to Dawan (now the territory of the Soviet Republic of Uzbekistan). Dawan sent people to escort Zhang Qian and his entourage to Kangju (now southeast of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Soviet Union), and found Da Yue's clan through Kangju. At this time, the Dayue clan had settled in the area of the Amu Darya River (now the area of the Amu Darya), where the "land is fertile" and there was little foreign invasion, and the Dayue clan was satisfied with the peaceful life in front of them, and did not want to fight with the Xiongnu again.

Zhang Qian did not achieve his goal and returned to China a year later. On the way, he was detained by the Xiongnu for more than a year, and then took advantage of the Xiongnu civil strife to get out and returned to Chang'an, the capital of the Han Dynasty, in 126 BC. Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions this time took a total of thirteen years, more than 100 people when he set out, and only he and his cousin's father were left when he returned.

The first 13 years, 138 BC and 126 BC.

1. North Tianshan Road: Xi'an - Dunhuang - Hami - Urumqi - Ili - the former Soviet Union - Rome.

2. North Xiyu Road: Xi'an - Dunhuang - Hami - Turpan - Yanqi - Korla - Kuqa - Aksu - Kashgar - Pamir Plateau - Central Asia.

3. Xiyu South Road: Xi'an - Loulan - Jimo - Niya - Hotan - Kashgar - Pamir Plateau - Central Asia.