What is the reaction rate at once when sodium is put into water, dilute sulfuric acid, ethanol, and

h2so4>h2o>ch2ch2oh

The more acidic it is, the faster it reacts with sodium.

Ethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid with good solubility and stability, and is widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural fields. Ethylene glycol reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid at the fastest rate, because ethylene glycol can have a strong acid-catalyzed reaction with concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid.

First, ethylene glycol reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to form ethylene, and at the same time produces acacia sulfate. Sulfate has high reactivity and can further participate in other reactions in an acidic environment, resulting in an accelerated reaction rate. At the same time, ethylene also has high reactivity and can undergo addition reactions with other compounds.

Secondly, ethylene glycol reacts with concentrated nitric acid to form nitroethylene glycol, and at the same time produces a certain amount of oxides such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Nitroethylene glycol has higher reactivity than Zhengyou, and can further react with other compounds, resulting in an accelerated reaction rate. At the same time, oxides such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide also have high reactivity and can react with other compounds.

Therefore, ethylene glycol has the fastest reaction rate with concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, mainly because ethylene glycol can have a strong acid-catalytic reaction with these two acids, and the compounds generated at the same time have high reactivity.

Answer C>A>B The essence of the reaction between sodium and the three substances described in the above is the replacement reaction between sodium and H resistance, the magnitude of the H concentration determines the speed of the reaction rate, and the magnitude of the H concentration can be determined to be C>A>B by the ability of the three substances to ionize H, so the reaction rate is C>A>B

For the reaction with hydrochloric acid, write the ion equation of 2Na + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H2.

2na +2H+==2Na+ +H2 (with the reaction with sulfuric acid) Explanation: Sodium is generally written in an aqueous solution and reacts with water to form hydrogen, which is essentially hydrogen ions ionized with water.

de-react; Sodium also reacts with hydrogen ions in acid solution, but the hydrogen ions at this time are ionized by acid, so the reaction formula is written as the reaction with acid.

2Na +2H+==Na+ +H2 reacts with acid.

2Na +2H2O==2Na+ +2Oh- +H2 reacts with water.

Sodium reacts with water in an acid solution; Sodium reacts with acid.

Analysis: Ethanol: H3C-CH2-OH, functional group: -OH(hydroxy)ethyl mercaptan: H3C-CH2-SH, functional group: -SH(sulfhydryl)O homogroup with S, nonmetallic: O S

Therefore, the hydrogen-oxygen bond in the hydroxyl group is stronger and is not easy to separate and break, on the contrary, the hydrogen-sulfur bond in the sulfhydryl group is weaker and easy to separate and break, so the reaction between ethyl mercaptan and sodium is more intense than that of ethanol and sodium.

Ethyl mercaptan is more acidic than ethanol, so ethyl mercaptan reacts more violently with sodium.

The effects of the Na2CO3 solution are:

1) The function of saturated sodium carbonate solution is to condense the ester vapor, reduce the solubility of the ester in water (conducive to stratification), remove the acetic acid mixed in ethyl acetate, and dissolve the ethanol mixed in ethyl acetate.

2) Na2CO3 can react with volatile acetic acid to produce odorless sodium acetate, which is convenient for smelling the aroma of ethyl acetate.

Concentrated sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, and saturated sodium carbonate removes the residual sulfuric acid and acetic acid in the product.

Sulfuric acid has 2 h and is consumed at its maximum. Acetic acid is a weak acid, and sodium acetate is alkaline after complete neutralization, so it does not need to be completely neutralized to achieve early ph=7 midsection.

Therefore, the volume consumption is sulfuric acid >> hydrochloric acid >> acetic acid.