What are the characteristics of the age of the apes? There are several types of apes

The ape-man is considered to be the direct ancestor of humans, with the dual physiological characteristics of humans and apes, and lived about 2 million to 340,000 years ago. The ape-man skull is low, the brow spine is prominent, and the teeth are large, which has the intermediate nature of ape and man. They were already able to make stone tools and were the first to make tools.

Ape man can be divided into early ape man and late ape man according to the division of time.

The head and face of the ape-man resemble that of an ape, but the limbs resemble those of a man. Already able to walk upright. Some of them have learned how to use fire and call caves their home.

They lived a very hard life, using crude stone axes and other types of stone smashers. The ape-man is one of the intermediate links in the transition from ape to man, which Engels called "fully formed man".

About five million years ago, Australopithecus was supposed to be light-colored, with dark hair all over its body, and 3.2 million years ago, when the body hair was still very thick, then the color of ** should be light-colored. About 1.5 million years ago, after most of the human body hair disappeared, because it was mainly distributed near the equator, the color became darker. The advantage of dark color** is that it prevents the loss of folic acid in places with strong sunlight and blocks too much UV-B, which has an evolutionary advantage.

By the time Homo erectus appeared, the color should be similar to that of modern Africans, but the skin color of modern Africans is also very different, depending on the sunshine environment of the location. The color of human beings became lighter again until Homo sapiens came out of Africa, which is tens of thousands of years ago, and according to one hypothesis, the purpose is also to adapt to the sunlit environment in which they live. Light color ** can synthesize more vitamin D compared to dark color **, where the sunlight is not strong enough and vitamin D deficiency will bring an evolutionary advantage, and dark color ** vitamin D deficiency will gradually be eliminated.

In areas with strong sunlight, light-colored ** does not have this evolutionary advantage.

Also known as Peking Man, (full name is "Peking Species of Chinese Ape", or simply "Peking Man"). An extinct man, found in the Pleistocene cave deposits of Zhoukoudian, China, with broken skulls and partial body bones, is more advanced than Javanese ape-man in some morphological details, but more so similar to the latter than to other fossil humans or to modern humans. Although Peking Man was originally separated as a distinct species (Peking species of Chinese ape).

On December 2, 1929, Pei Wenzhong discovered epoch-making significance in the history of paleoanthropological research in the cave of Zhoukoudian Dragon Bone Mountain in Fangshan County (now Fangshan District)."Pekingese"The first skull. It was discovered again after 1949"Pekingese"Fossils, representing more than 40 individuals of different ages and sexes. "Pekingese"The height of the skull is lower than that of modern humans, with an average brain volume of 1088 ml, which is more than 300 ml less than that of modern humans, but much larger than that of apes.

Pekingese"Able to walk upright and move his upper limbs freely. It has lived more than 700,000 years ago. It is called the early Paleolithic period in archaeology, and it is in the early stage of primitive society from the perspective of social development form.

Pekingese"The discovery of the skull opened the prelude to the history of Beijing. The Peking Man skull was lost during the War of Resistance Against Japan.

The discovery of Peking Man has provided favorable empirical evidence for the theory of human evolution and is a great contribution made by Chinese scientists to the history of world archaeology. The discovery and study of Peking Man and his culture has resolved the debate over whether "Homo erectus" was ape or human since the discovery of Javanese in the 19th century. It turns out that "Homo erectus" is the earliest stage of human history, in the most important link in the evolutionary process from ape to man, they are the descendants of "Australopithecus", and later the ancestor of "Homo sapiens".

Pekingese people have the typical morphological standard of "Homo erectus", and Pekingese's use of fire completes its characteristics as a human being. The discovery of fossils and cultural relics of the cave man at the top of the mountain more fully shows the development and continuation of the Peking people. The discovery of Peking Man has laid the foundation for the study of ancient Chinese humans and their cultures, and is a well-deserved treasure house of ancient human culture.

There are three types of ape-man, mainly Lantian man, Peking man, and Yuanmou man.

1. Lantian people.

The scientific name is "Homo erectus lantian subspecies", and the English name is homo (sinanthropus) erectuslantianensis. It is a fossil of Homo erectus in China, an early Paleolithic human, belonging to early Homo erectus, and the era of life is the middle of the Pleistocene and the early Paleolithic.

In 1964, it was discovered in Gongwangling, Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, and was named "Lantian subspecies of Homo erectus".

2. Beijingers.

Peking Man (Latin scientific name: homoerectuspekinensis) is a Homo erectus who lived in Zhoukoudian, ancient Beijing, and used natural fire to make tools (stone tools).

3. Yuanmou people.

Yuanmou people, because the location of the discovery is in the northwest hill of Shangnabang Village, Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province, named "Yuanmou Homo erectus", English name sculpture: homoerectusyuanmouensis, commonly known as "Yuanmou people". The word "Yuanmou" comes from the Dai language, which means "horse".

The fundamental differences between modern apes and humans are mainly as follows: (1) Different modes of locomotion. Great apes are predominantly armed; Humans, on the other hand, walk upright.

2) The ability to make tools is different. Great apes can use natural tools, but they can't make them; Humans can make and use a variety of simple and complex tools. (3) The degree of brain development is different.

The ape-like brain has a capacity of about 400 ml and has no ability to speak and write; The human brain has a capacity of about 1 200 ml and has strong thinking and writing skills.

Modern apes include four types of orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and gibbons.

Apes, abbreviated as apes, are animals with higher intelligence in the primates. Taxonomically, humans are a type of great ape. Anthropoids refer to tailless, humanoid primate animals that are divided into two families:

Tell sock gibbons to make trouble, such as gibbons; Orangutan families, such as chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas. It is found in the tropical forests of western and central Africa and South Asia.

Modern apes include four types of orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and gibbons. Apes, abbreviated as apes, are animals with higher intelligence in the primates. Although apes are often referred to together, monkeys are sometimes referred to as apes, and apes are sometimes referred to as monkeys, but they are biologically different animals.

The main difference between the two is that monkeys have tails, while apes do not.

Taxonomically, humans are a type of great ape. Anthropoids refer to tailless, humanoid primate animals that are divided into two families: gibbons, such as gibbons; Orangutan families, such as chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas.

Apes are found in tropical forests in western and central Africa and South Asia. Unlike monkeys, apes are tailless, have an appendix, and have a more complex brain. Anthropoids generally move by swaying, occasionally standing upright on both feet.

Great apes have higher intelligence and are closer to humans than other primates.