What are some reference books for learning classical Chinese?

You can take a look at "Yang Zhen Chinese Speech Reading Aid", which is also divided into middle and high schools, and is also quite systematic, and is divided into one story at a time, one day can be studied in a planned way. But this book is too simple for students with a good level, there is no shortcut to learning classical Chinese, the main thing is to read more and summarize more. Personally, I like to read some notes**, such as "The World Says New Words", "Tao'an Dream Memories", and Tang Legends, which are not very difficult to understand, and quite interesting, you might as well give it a try.

When you go to high school, you have a certain foundation in ancient literature and cultural accumulation, and you can choose to read it with the same ideas among the hundreds of scholars. However, it is advisable to understand the background of the times before opening these books, and it will be much easier to read.

The Complete Handbook of Ancient Poetry and Literature in Junior High School", Shanghai Science and Technology Education Press. There is a clear list of classical Chinese lexical and syntax, as well as literary and cultural knowledge, etc., which can not only quickly and systematically improve the level of classical Chinese, but also understand some basic common sense, not limited to classical Chinese itself. If you have spare time, you can buy a copy of the "Complete Handbook of Ancient Poetry and Literature for High School Students" to see, the content division is roughly the same as the junior high school one.

I personally tested it to be easy to use.

"Ancient Texts and Views" includes a variety of literary styles from the pre-Qin to the Ming Dynasty, and you will learn a lot by reading it according to the annotations. It is recommended that Peking University Yin Falu "Translation Notes on Ancient Texts". In addition, there is also the original "Ancient Literature Guanzhi" by Wu Chucai and Wu Tiaohou in traditional vertical arrangement, which can be compared and seen.

I think that starting from reading the four famous novels, whether it is Red Mansion or Journey to the West, they are written in vernacular, and reading them will allow you to accumulate a certain vocabulary and sense of language, and at the same time, the story is relatively strong, and it will be easier to stick to reading. Then you can choose a collection of pure Chinese literature and history like "Historical Records", "Zizhi Tongjian" or "Ancient Literature Guanzhi", and it is highly recommended that "Historical Records", the penmanship and words are just right, and the aftertaste.

You can use ancient vernacular works, such as the Four Great Classics, the Golden Plum, etc., and then prepare a "Dictionary of Ancient Chinese", a "Guwen Guan Zhi" (with translation notes), first try to translate it yourself, and then compare it with the book, don't be greedy, a paragraph a day, a year should be effective.

You can first learn the basic knowledge of ancient Chinese, and then read a large number of classical Chinese through a combination of intensive reading and extensive reading. You can buy a reference book and dictionary for the basic knowledge of the language, and if you read the ancient text, you can read the ancient text, this book is originally a textbook, and the selection is basically a famous article. Then choose the genre you are interested in and continue reading.

You can choose "Tang and Song Dynasty Eight Masters Prose Collection" and the like, such prose themes are changeable, writing scenes, notes, discussions, etc., more miscellaneous, and at the same time, the writing is also guaranteed, I personally recommend Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Zeng Gong, Ouyang Xiu's text has its own frank and open-minded, not to mention Su Shi, Zeng Gong's logic is good.

Dictionaries and dictionaries have a wide variety of professional books in China, and the total number is rich and colorful, broad and profound. Generally, it can be divided into dictionaries, dictionaries, class books, political books, statistical yearbooks, guides, recommended bibliographies, citations, rosters, tupo, chronology, etc. Here are the basic professional books used by primary and secondary school students to learn classical Chinese

Dictionaries and dictionaries. A dictionary is a specialized book that explains the shape, pronunciation, and meaning of words. A dictionary is a professional book that explains the meaning and use of words, and also explains the shape, sound, and meaning of words.

Because Chinese characters are ideograms, and many characters are both writing and ideogram companies, the difference between words is usually not significant, so the difference between dictionaries and dictionaries is not so certain. In modern times, polyphonic words in Chinese have a greater advantage, and characters and words have gradually formed different types of definitions, but in order to facilitate application, many dictionaries have both keywords and dictionaries also interpret the meaning of words. There are more than 50,000 Chinese characters, and there are 4,000 common ones.

Commonly used Chinese characters usually have multiple forms, multiple sounds, and multiple meanings, and the pronunciation and meaning of the words are different, and they can form multiple words respectively, which is particularly prominent in classical Chinese. In order to properly grasp the shape, sound, meaning and different ways to use words, it is necessary to check the dictionary frequently.

For junior high school students, they will be able to use "Fuhua Dictionary", "Modern Chinese Grammar Dictionary", "Dictionary of Common Words of Ancient Chinese", "Dictionary of Four-character Idioms", "Cihai" and "Ciyuan", which can basically solve the difficulties. It is necessary to be proficient in several types of inspection methods. There are two systems in the Chinese character inspection method, which is the phonetic sequence and the other is the shape sequence.

The phonetic sequence method is to sort Chinese characters according to the pronunciation of the characters, and now the method of arranging the order according to the Chinese pinyin scheme is used. There are generally three types of form order methods; (1) radical detection method, (2) stroke stroke order detection method, (3) four-corner number detection method.

It is necessary to know how to determine the pronunciation of the words to be checked and select the meaning of the words in combination with the meaning of the context. There are some characters in classical Chinese with two or even three or four pronunciations, and some characters also have different readings (detailed "The Essentials of Recitation"); The situation of polysemy is particularly widespread. There are some words that have as many as one or twenty meanings.

However, after this word (word) enters a special sentence, it can only be read with one sound and one meaning. Therefore, the dictionary must integrate the position of the word (word) in the sentence and the meaning of the context to determine. What sound should it pronounce and what meaning it should take, so as not to provoke ridicule from the crown.

If you want to learn classical Chinese, you generally need to learn to look up the dictionary, and there are some ancient characters in classical Chinese that need to be queried for ancient meanings. It is also necessary to choose some translated books in classical Chinese.

If you want to use a large dictionary, as well as an ancient Chinese dictionary, it is better to choose a reference book that is light and can be carried.

For example, Xinhua Dictionary, a dictionary of ancient Chinese. It is particularly difficult to read classical Chinese in general, so we can look up some dictionaries for translation.

Extraction code: r6et Classical Chinese is an article composed of a written Chinese language in ancient China, which was written before the May Fourth Movement. It mainly includes the written language formed by changing the friendship tour based on the spoken language of the pre-Qin period.

I think the most important thing in learning classical Chinese is the foundation and interest, so I recommend to you the annotated version of "Strange Tales from Liao Zhai", first read the classical Chinese, then read the commentary, then reread the original text in combination with the commentary, and finally read the vernacular translation. This works best. I didn't lose any marks in the Chinese part of the high school entrance examination and college entrance examination, and I read it out like this.

However, the late period is the part of "Guwen Guan Zhi" after the Tang Dynasty, and many of these classics are best read and recited, such as "Dou Na Oak Chibi Fu", "Chen Qing Table" and so on.

In addition, I recommend the reference book "Classical Chinese Textbook Knowledge Package" next to Beijing Education Press, which is said to be textbook knowledge, but in fact, it covers a wide range of topics and is easier to cultivate interest.