What are the precautions for planting lettuce in summer?

Lettuce is a very common green leafy vegetable, crisp and tender without residue, lettuce is also eaten in many ways, and it is also one of the most important vitamins for many friends. Lettuce is also a popular vegetable grown on the balcony or in a small vegetable garden, with a short growing period, no strict ripening standards, and can be eaten when four or five leaves grow. Entering the hot weather, some friends will encounter some problems when planting lettuce, resulting in a very low lettuce yield, so, what aspects should be paid attention to when planting lettuce?

There are many varieties of lettuce, such as bulb lettuce, glass lettuce, and upright lettuce.

In summer, due to the relatively high temperature, lettuce seeds have a dormant period, if sowing directly, the emergence rate of lettuce is relatively low, and the seedlings are not neat, so the seeds must be sown after low temperature germination.

Prepare a bowl of water first, then pour in lettuce seeds, soak for a day, and then wrap the soaked seeds in gauze and put them in the refrigerator in the refrigerator, the temperature is 5 10, which is conducive to seed germination. It takes about two or three days, and when all the seeds are almost white, they can be planted. If the seedling transplanting method is used, wait until the seedlings have grown 4-6 leaves, and the distance between each plant is 10-13 cm.

During the whole growth period of lettuce, there should be very sufficient water to ensure the rapid growth of leaves, especially in the high temperature season, it must not be too dry, especially for lettuce, when there is a lack of water, the taste of the leaves will be bitter. Generally, it is necessary to water once every three or four days, the root system of lettuce is relatively shallow, when watering, can not be watered in large quantities, in order to prevent the root system from being harmed, soft rot occurs, the humidity in the field is large, and the leaves are also prone to downy mildew, so it is necessary to water with small water frequently, water evenly, and avoid high temperature watering at noon.

Green leafy lettuce has a high demand for nitrogen fertilizer, and if nitrogen fertilizer is lacking, the fiber in the leaves will increase, the growth rate will be slow, the leaves will be few, the plants will be short, and the yield will be low. Lettuce, too, needs enough nutrients to grow. Planted in a small vegetable garden, some well-rotted chicken manure can be used appropriately at the seedling stage, or less urea can be used to promote the growth of lettuce leaves and improve yield.

After using the base fertilizer, in order to supplement the nutrients, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can also be sprayed during the growth period or sprayed with fermented enzymes to improve the taste of lettuce.

In order to prevent disease or sprouting, affecting the taste, lettuce should be harvested in time, and it can be harvested in about a month. Therefore, if you want to eat green lettuce, you must pay attention to the three aspects of seed treatment, water and fertilization during the planting process.

Because the weather is hot in summer, the water in the soil evaporates very quickly, and the plot is easy to compact, so it should be replenished with water and nutrients in time, and the soil should be loosened and ventilated regularly.

2.Summer lettuce must be planted in a cool place, or intercropped to cool the lettuce with other tall crops.

Suitable living environment for lettuce:

Lettuce likes a cold environment, neither cold tolerant, nor heat tolerant, the suitable temperature for growth is 15 -20, and the growth period is 90-100 days. The seeds are more resistant to low temperatures and germinate at 4 o'clock. The suitable temperature for germination is 18-22, and almost no germination when it is higher than 30.

During the growth period of the plant, it likes a cool climate, and the most suitable growth is 15-20, with high yield and excellent quality; Consistently higher than 25, poor growth, coarse and old, slightly bitter leaves. However, it is also quite hardy, and even short-term sub-zero temperatures do not hinder growth.

Lettuce has a well-developed root system, wax on the leaf surface, and is quite drought tolerant, but it is cultivated on fertile and moist soil, with high yield and good quality.

The pH value of the soil is considered suitable.

It is necessary to choose a good variety for planting lettuce in winter, and the climate is cold in this season, so it is necessary to choose a medium and late ripening lettuce variety with strong cold resistance for cultivation.

Lettuce seedlings: lettuce seedlings also require a certain height for the plot, the plot that needs fertile sandy loam soil, the too thin soil is not suitable, and it is made into a flat furrow after fine. Apply high-quality base fertilizer, generally 100 kg of rotted manure and potassium dihydrogen phosphate per 10 square meters, level the furrow surface after stirring evenly, and then sprinkle seeds after watering and wetting. Sowing can be done directly with dry seeds, or after germination.

However, it is necessary to pay attention to the amount of seeding, and the dry seed sowing money should be sterilized, and the method is 75 chlorothalonil wettable powder dressing by seed weight, but it should not be left for too long. If it is germination and sowing, soak it in 20 warm water for 6 7 hours, wrap it in a cloth bag after taking it out, put it in 20 times to promote germination, rinse it with water once a day, and produce all the buds after 2 3 days. Sowing in the morning on a windless and sunny day is carried out, sowing 3 5 grams of seeds per square meter of seedbed.

After sowing, it is covered with a layer of fine soil 3 5 mm thick.

Lettuce preparation and fertilization:

After a period of cultivation, lettuce can be fixed, before the fixed value, to do a good job of field preparation, need to apply good organic fertilizer or trim water-soluble fertilizer, 5000 kg of rotting organic fertilizer per mu, 30 40 kg of compound fertilizer. Then deep ploughing and mixing are done after furrowing, and the value is fixed after the mulch is covered, or the value can be fixed first and then the film is covered.

Lettuce planting: lettuce fixing does not need any technology, relatively simple, pay attention to the row spacing, generally solar greenhouse cultivation row spacing 40 cm, plant spacing 30 cm, watering before seedlings to cut mounds, with more soil. Open a ditch or dig a hole for planting, and pour enough planting water after sealing the ditch and flattening the furrow.

Lettuce post-colonization management:

After the fixed value, the daily management should pay attention to the temperature and ventilation, and the protected land should be planted, and the temperature should be kept at 20 24 during the day and above 10 at night. Wait until a period of time after survival, and start cultivating the loosening soil 1-2 times. At this time, the temperature should not be controlled too high, appropriate cooling, at this time it is advisable to 15 20 during the day, and water the seedling water for 7 10 days after the slow seedling, and at the same time apply chemical fertilizer lightly, about 10 kg per mu.

After that, plough again and squat the seedlings appropriately. About 15 days later, when the rosette leaves have grown and the heart leaves begin to wrap the heart, top dressing compound fertilizer or ammonium nitrate 15 20 kg, and then top dressing 1 time at the balling stage.

The temperature of planting lettuce in winter is relatively low, and the watering should not be too right, so as not to reduce the ground temperature and affect the growth of lettuce, and the humidity of the winter lettuce planting protection area should not be too large. When the ball lettuce enters the ball receiving period, the water requirements should be larger, at this time, it is necessary to pay attention to the water supply to be even, and avoid dry and wet, so as not to crack the ball or make the ball open and grow. In order to protect the variety of lettuce, stop watering 3-5 days before harvesting.

Lettuce is planted in summer, to choose heat-resistant lettuce varieties, before planting it seeds to soak, and put in a low temperature environment to germinate, lettuce seeds are evenly sprinkled into the soil after being exposed, and covered with a thin layer of soil, pay attention to keep the soil slightly moist, and then lettuce growth period to shade it from strong light and cool ventilation.

1. Seed treatment

To plant lettuce in summer, you need to choose heat-resistant varieties of lettuce, and you need to germinate its seeds before planting, because lettuce seeds are difficult to germinate in a high-temperature environment, soak the seeds in clean water for a few hours, and then take them out and wrap them in a damp cloth, and put them in the refrigerator refrigeration layer to promote germination.

2. Planting method

It is observed that lettuce seeds can be ready for planting after they are white, its seeds are relatively small, so they can be mixed evenly with fine sand before sowing, and then sown into the soil, and cover a layer of centimeters of thin soil after sowing.

3. Block strong light

Lettuce is not resistant to strong light exposure, and the light in summer is very strong, so after planting, you need to do a good job of shading measures, so that lettuce has an appropriate amount of scattered light exposure, otherwise the light is too strong, it is easy to be wilted, and when the situation is serious, lettuce will also dry up and die.

4. Cooling and ventilation

The temperature in summer is also relatively high, at this time to plant lettuce, you need to do a good job of cooling and ventilation measures, it is best to keep it in a cool environment, otherwise the temperature is too high will lead to poor growth of lettuce, and it will taste bitter, and at the same time to do a good job of ventilation management, so as not to grow lettuce in a stuffy place.

Lettuce can be grown all year round, when sowing is good, depending on the local climate, if it is particularly cold in winter or particularly hot in summer, it will limit lettuce germination, it can be insulated through small tunnels or greenhouses, shade in winter and summer, prevent sunburn, and grow lettuce during processing. Lettuce planted in spring or autumn is generally better, but it is also related to the local climate, for example, in the southern region of our country, except for the hot summer and early autumn are not suitable for lettuce growth, lettuce planted in other periods is very good and easy to manage.

<> want to sow lettuce and sprout quickly, the climate should be relatively suitable, too cold and too hot are not good, the temperature is generally not lower than 15 degrees, and the room temperature is not higher than 25 degrees. In addition, the seed particles of lettuce are very small and thin, and the soil where the seedlings are sown should be loose as a whole to facilitate the germination of seeds, and the seeds are dry sown, and they should be sprinkled with water or diluted manure before sowing to moisten, and the seeds should be covered with soil and should also be watered and moistened, so as to facilitate the germination of seeds; If you are worried about a sudden drop in temperature or a significant increase in temperature, you can cover straw to keep warm and moisturize to create a better environment for lettuce to sprout.

If you want to plant lettuce to eat, you can pick and eat it many times, for example, let the lettuce grow to 10-12cm high and let it be transplanted, plant it with a certain spacing in a hole and a tree, often top, lettuce leaves are a lot, pick the leaves after the top and eat 1-2 times, the longer the time, the more vigorous the growth; I planted it myself, picking leaves to eat, not eating the whole plant, I can pick it quite many times, which is good. It's summer now, the weather is too hot, the temperature is above 30 degrees during the day, and the temperature is slightly lower by 2 to 3 degrees at night, outdoor sowing is not conducive to lettuce seed germination, want to sow outdoors to shade and moisturize, otherwise it is difficult to emerge, the other party's hometown in the countryside tried to sow seeds, there was no shade and sun protection, the soil was dry and hot on the day of the sun, after 10 days, there was still no seedling.

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Lettuce is not cold and heat tolerant, the most suitable temperature is 15 20 degrees, it is difficult to germinate above 30 degrees, more light can make the plant better photosynthesis to make the leaves bigger. Lettuce needs more water, but too much water will also cause the roots to be anoxic and rotten, so it is reasonable.

Lettuce is neither cold nor heat tolerant. Suitable for temperature-degrees. It is difficult to germinate above the degree. More light makes the plant ground light and makes the leaves larger. Lettuce is watery, but too much water also causes the roots to rot due to lack of oxygen, which is reasonable.

It is necessary to pay attention to the density between lettuce seeds to be reasonable, not too dense, and at the same time to water and fertilize regularly.

When growing lettuce, you need to pay attention to the right humidity, fertile soil, and less watering.

The adaptation temperature was 15 20, and the germination uniformity was poor when it was lower than i5, and the seed germination rate was significantly reduced when it was higher than 25 due to the hindrance of water absorption by the seed coat, and the germination rate was hindered above 30. Some lettuce varieties germinate faster under the light, the role of various light qualities is different, red light promotes germination, suitable soil: lettuce planting is suitable for sandy loam soil, because this soil has a strong water retention capacity and good drainage.

Good soil is conducive to the germination and emergence of lettuce, which also grows quickly. If the soil is a little more fertile, that's the favorite environment for lettuce.

About 10 grams per mu need to be planted, the seedbed area is about 10 square meters, the covering soil can not be thick, the lettuce seed is very small, the arch soil is weak, the soil can be covered with centimeters thick, and then covered with a thin grass curtain, the curtain is drenched with enough water, and the topsoil is dry and hard, so as to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. Of course, in addition to planting lettuce at a suitable temperature, there are also certain conditions for soil and water and fertilizer requirements. Lettuce is suitable for growing in slightly acidic soils rich in organic matter, and the water requirements vary from growing season to season.

Choose fertile, rich in organic matter, water retention, strong fertility, good air permeability, convenient drainage and irrigation of slightly acidic soil for planting. Cultivate the land early, break the rake flat, and then apply the rotted organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, deep ploughing and drying the ground, we are under normal circumstances, under normal circumstances, lettuce has ball lettuce and non-ball lettuce, from the outside shape, the leaves of ball lettuce will be wrapped, showing a spherical shape The leaves of the lettuce that do not ball are grown in bulk. In terms of yield, the bulb lettuce will be larger and heavier per plant.

Lettuce has a growing period of about two to three months, and if you choose to plant it in spring and autumn, there are two advantages, one is to plant at low temperatures, no pests and diseases, and the other is that there is no need to spray pesticides to eliminate pollution. And full-time vegetable farming, in order to have fresh vegetables all year round, lettuce is not very high requirements for the soil, the general soil can basically be planted, lettuce can not only be planted in the open field, in the family, but also some people will use pots on the balcony to plant, not only as a potted plant to watch, but also as a vegetable to eat.