An understanding of Freud s spiritual hierarchy

Freud. In the early days, he proposed "psychostratigraphy", which divided human mental processes into conscious, preconscious (subconscious) and subconscious.

unconscious) three levels.

Consciousness (explicit consciousness) refers to the cognition, emotion, and will of an individual at this moment. Consciousness is the superficial part of the mental system, and consciousness directly governs people's words and actions.

The preconscious (subconscious) is the intermediate level of the mental system. There are both unconscious desires and conscious limitations on these desires.

The subconscious (unconscious) is the basic level of the mental system. It is mainly the inner desire that is directly related to the physiological process.

The subconscious (unconscious) influences people's speech and behavior through the preconscious (subconscious), which is generally called "subconscious words and deeds", including slips of the tongue.

Freund gave the example of a meeting at the opening of a meeting, where the moderator remarked: "Gentlemen, the meeting shall be attended by a quorum, and I declare the meeting closed." The audience burst into laughter.

Freund believes that the moderator was not interested in the meeting and wanted to get out early, which is why such a slip of the tongue occurred.

There are such jokes in our country. A cartoon was published in the newspaper, and a leader said on the rostrum: "All the participants are here, serve the food!" ”

Freud's theory of the hierarchy of minds consists of three parts: conscious, subconscious, and unconscious.

Consciousness is the part that people most clearly recognize and control, including the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that people are aware of. The subconscious level includes thoughts and feelings that people don't recognize but still influence their behavior. The unconscious is the thoughts and feelings that you are unaware of and do not know you have, and these thoughts and feelings play a vital role in people's actions and emotions.

From Freud's theory, we can see that human behavior and thinking are influenced by a variety of factors. This theory is important for understanding people's emotions, behaviors, and personality formation. For example, Freud believed that childhood experiences have an important impact on people's personality formation, especially in terms of personality, character, and social behavior.

In addition, Freud also believed that human behavior and thought are driven by unconscious impulses and desires.

This theory has provided new perspectives for the study of human behavior and thought, and has had a profound impact on the development of clinical psychology. On Sigmund Freud, he argued, teachers should help patients identify and address potential problems. This theory became the basis of psychology and had a profound impact on the practice of psychology.

At the same time, Freud's theory also provides new ideas for the diagnosis and development of mental illness.

However, Freud's theories have also been criticized and questioned by some people. Some scholars believe that Freud's theories rely too much on personal experience and observation and lack scientific validity. In addition, some scholars have also argued that Freud's theory places too much emphasis on human impulses and desires and ignores human rationality and self-control.

Freud constructed his own psychoanalytic doctrine on the basis of the three levels of the human spirit, and is also known as the originator of "psychoanalysis". One of the most important elements of his psychoanalytic doctrine is the triadic theory of personality structure.

This is what we often hear about: the id, the ego, and the superego.

The id, the "most fundamental me", is the lowest level of personality. This is the realm of the "unconscious", the primordial desires of the human instinct. These innate desires seek immediate gratification, and here is the principle of the primacy of pleasure.

Above the self is the self, which is the self that we are able to realize. The ego is not innate, but is formed in the process of growing up and adapting to society.

The self is rational, will face up to social reality, pay attention to common sense and rules, for example, when we see our elders, we will behave respectfully. It can feel the desires of the id, but the ego will use reason to discern the requirements of the id. If the ego is a little baby in the human heart, knowing only the pursuit of satisfaction and happiness, then the ego is like the guardian of the little baby, and will use reason to consider these demands, and selectively satisfy those desires according to the consideration of the actual situation.

Further up the ego, the macrocrack is the superego. That is, it means to transcend oneself, and it is an idealized personality. It is formed in the contact and understanding of "morality" in people, and we internalize all kinds of moral authority from family and society into a part of the heart, and finally form this ideal personality.

The id, ego and superego, there is a certain connection between the three personalities, of course, there are also conflicts with each other, if the three are balanced, then there is a healthy personality, once the balance between the three personalities is lost, the personality will be abnormal, the person will be anxious, and even lead to serious mental illness. It is said that everyone has a desperate angel and a devil in their hearts, and the superego is a bit like an angel who holds it; But our actions often fall short of the angels' standards, and the superego influences our psychology and actions through feelings of guilt and guilt.

Freud believed that the different levels of consciousness include three levels: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious (subconscious).

Consciousness is a subjective experience that can be thought of at will and clearly perceived. It is logical, spatio-temporal prescriptive and realistic, and is manifested as the unity of knowledge, emotion and intention. Freud believed that this is only a small part, like an iceberg, only a small part of the surface of the water is exposed, this part belongs to consciousness, but the vast majority of the preconscious and unconscious hidden under the water have an important influence on human behavior.

Pre-consciousness is the consciousness that people can predict in advance the occurrence and consequences of other people's or their own events. The preconscious may enter the conscious mind, so there is no insurmountable gulf between the pre-conscious consciousness, although there are boundaries. The preconscious is between the conscious and the unconscious, and is tasked with being an "inspector", not allowing unconscious instincts and desires to invade the conscious.

However, when the current consciousness is not vigilant, sometimes repressed instincts or desires can also seep into consciousness in a roundabout way through camouflage.

The unconscious refers to those things that would not normally enter the level of consciousness at all, such as desires that are suppressed deep in the heart and are not aware of it, secret thoughts and fears, etc.

The three levels of Freudian personality are id, ego, and superego.

The hierarchy of consciousness theories are conscious, preconscious, and subconscious (unconscious).

Xiao Ren, assistant counselor of Haiming.