How does amaranth virus disease develop? What are the precautions?

Amaranth virus disease is caused by cucumber mosaic virus and amaranth virus alone or in combination. Amaranth grown everywhere can be infected with this disease, and viral diseases are also the main diseases that affect amaranth.

Amaranth virus disease is a systemic infection, with symptoms most pronounced on the leaves. At the beginning of the disease, the diseased plants were significantly shorter than the key plants. The mild symptoms are mild flowers and leaves of plants, and the leaf color is uneven and mottled; Severe disease is characterized by the inability to flatten, shrink or curl the leaves of diseased plants, or the presence of necrotic spots.

There are many overwintering hosts that cause amaranth to be infected with viral diseases, and these viral sources are transmitted through viral vectors after spring. Field transmission is mainly through aphids, contact and friction between diseased plants and healthy plants, wind, rain, soil, etc.

The main outbreak of amaranth virus disease is from April to October. The disease is severe in years with high temperatures throughout the year, little rain in spring, and many viral vectors; Earlier and more severe disease in continuous cropping plots between plots and in surrounding fields rich in toxic crops; In the cultivation management, the control of vector pests is not timely, the fertilizer and water are insufficient, and the field management is extensive.

Viruses and bacteria prefer a warm and dry environment, and amaranth is more susceptible to viral diseases at the ripening stage, and the bacterial incubation period can reach 8 to 15 days, and 15 25 can cause disease. 20 30 The incidence is higher when the relative humidity of the air reaches 60%.

Prevention and control measures for amaranth virus disease.

When managing amaranth cultivation in the field, it is necessary to sow seeds at a suitable sowing date; The basal fertilizer should be applied in an appropriate amount, the basal fertilizer should be mainly farmhouse fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer should not be biased, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be appropriately applied to cultivate strong seedlings and resist disease; In agricultural operations, it is best to wash the hands and tools of diseased plants with soapy water to prevent the plants from contracting diseases after contact.

Clean up the site. If diseased plants are found in the process of amaranth cultivation, they should be pulled out in time and taken out of the field for burning or deep burial; Timely removal of weeds in the field can reduce the risk of viruses.

Pest control. During the growth period of amaranth, if whiteflies, aphids, thrips and other pests occur in the field, it is necessary to spray pesticides in time to reduce the spread of viruses by pests.

It is caused by infection with 1000-day red virus and cucumber mosaic virus alone or in combination. At the beginning of the disease, the diseased plant was significantly shortened. The leaves of the diseased plants with late onset are shrunken or curled, the leaf surface is uneven, and some have light flowering leaves, uneven and mottled leaf color, and some have necrotic spots.

Agricultural control: selection of disease-resistant varieties. Seeds are harvested from disease-free plants.

Clean the field in time, eradicate weeds in the field, and completely uproot diseased plants. Choose to plant on plots with good ventilation, away from radishes and cucumbers. Sow at the right time and avoid sowing too early.

In case of spring drought or autumn drought, more watering can reduce the incidence of disease. Seed disinfection: Soak seeds in warm water at 48 for 30 minutes.

Spread silver-gray film or hang silver-gray film strips in the field to avoid aphids and control aphids in time. Pharmaceutical prevention and control: as a disease prevention or in the early stage of the disease, you can choose 8% Ningnanmycin aqueous solution 500 1 000 times liquid, or 20% morphoguanidine acetic acid copper wettable powder (migrating toxin) 200 400 times liquid and other agents evenly sprayed, once every 7 10 days, 2 3 times in a row.

That's because there is no treatment for the surrounding weeds in the planting process, and the nutrients of the soil must be replenished in time, so this virus will appear at this time, and at this time it is necessary to simply clean up the surrounding environment and water.

There is a side dish in the countryside where the soup is boiled red. Many children like to eat soup for dinner. This is amaranth.

Amaranth is also known as green fragrant fertilizer, red cabbage, iris, rice fertilizer, wild goose, wild goose and other strong resistance, has the advantages of growth, heat clearing, drought, moisture prevention, pest and disease reduction, etc., the nutritional value is extremely high, is one of the main green leafy vegetables in summer loved by the public. So do you know when to plant cold? Do you know how to plant it?

1.Varieties of amaranth can be planted according to the local climate, in winter and early spring, you can choose amaranth with good cold tolerance, and in other seasons you can choose amaranth with strong pests and diseases. 2.

Planting timeThe growth cycle of amaranth is not long, and it can be harvested in about 40 days. Open field planting can be carried out from March to August, and if planted in greenhouses or small arches, it can be sown 20-30 days in advance. 3.

Soak Cui Ya seeds in cold water for about 24 hours, rub them several times during the soaking process, take out the water, wrap them in gauze with good air permeability, cover them with wet towels, and germinate them at a temperature of 15 to 20 degrees, and 30% of 50% of the seeds can be sown after exposure.

4.Static fertilization should be flat, easy to irrigate, loose soil, planting fields without weeds, 200 kg of corroded feces and urine, 15 kg of superphosphate, full-base fertilizer, deep rake, so that the land becomes thinner. 5.

Dryland management usually germinates on the 7th-12th of early spring sowing, 3-5 days in summer and autumn, the first autumn rain is carried out on 2-3 new shoots, the second autumn rain is carried out after 12 days, and an autumn rain is carried out for each subsequent harvest, and each autumn rain is watered to keep the soil moist and remove weeds in time. Do not transplant to the scorching heat, reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, residue 6. Pest control, common diseases of amaranth include powdery mildew, anthracnose, brown spot, and virus disease.

Common insect pests include earthworms, colds, and strong disease resistance. The main disease is white deer disease, and the main insect pest is earthworms. Both adults and larvae are destructive.

Bite off the buds of freshly sown seeds, or bite off the roots of seedlings, or bite indiscriminately, causing the seedlings to fall down, wither and die. (larvae, larvae, larvae, larvae).

Amaranth grows robustly and has fewer pests and diseases. Occasionally, white rust and aphids are infestation. Pay attention to the drainage of stains in the field, and the ventilation of the plants.

In the high temperature and dry season, cover the shade net to cool down and promote growth, and harvest and market at the early stage of the disease. Pharmaceutical prevention and control: spray 600 800 times of 50 carbendazim wettable powder at the beginning of the disease, or 400 500 times of 58 manganese-zinc wettable powder of 58 methalin.

Be careful to stop taking the drug more than 10 days before harvesting.

It may be because of the influence of some pests and diseases, and everyone has not cleaned up in time, so it will lead to this disease, and we should spray some pesticides to prevent pests and diseases.

Strengthen cultivation management and avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous vegetables.

Timely topdressing and watering, avoiding single excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and using balanced fertilization technology of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements.

If a small number of diseased plants are found, they should be uprooted or burned as soon as possible.

Timely control of aphids, spotted loons, whiteflies and other stinging and sucking pests.

Choose well-drained, loose, sandy soils. Turn the soil 30 cm deeply, apply 5000 kg of high-quality farmhouse fertilizer organic fertilizer per mu, and use 50 kg of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer to turn into the soil. Hole sowing is adopted, and about kilograms are sown per mu.

If it is planted and the land has been improperly fertilized and used for many years, it is recommended to use soil treatment methods, that is, microbial fungus cultivation methods.

The leaves of mustard soft rot are wilted and drooping at the beginning of the disease, and it is more obvious at noon on sunny days, and the base of the petiole and rhizome of the severely diseased plant are completely rotten, full of light gray-brown, viscous substance and have a foul odor, and finally the base of the stem is rotten into a large cavity, which can cause the death of the whole plant in severe cases. The disease is caused by bacterial damage, which overwinters in the body of undecayed diseased residues and some pests in the field and soil, and then invades through wounds, and finally spreads through insects and rainwater to re-infect, so that the disease spreads further.

Soft rot Pathogenesis Conditions This disease is a bacterial disease, which is caused by bacterial infection. The germ overwinters in the remains of diseased plants and in compost. The following year, it was delivered through rainwater, irrigation water, and fertilizer.

Therefore, winter pest control is the focus of greenhouse management. However, because most of the pests and diseases are induced by excessive humidity in the field, coupled with the special unfavorable climatic conditions in winter, if the disease is directly sprayed with water when controlling pests and diseases, the incidence rate of the disease is relatively high, and cucumbers planted in spring or autumn may become diseased. Viral diseases are usually characterized by different spots and discoloration on the leaves, which continue to cause lesions of cucumber fruits.

This is because there are pests and diseases that bring bacteria to spread, and then during the high temperature period, this disease occurs, pesticides should be used in time, and organic fertilizer should be added, so that it can be **.

The main reason is that there are a lot of bacteria and pests here, which will lead to such a situation, which will also cause great damage to this dish.

It is likely that it is due to prolonged exposure to the sun, or it may be caused by too much stagnant water and not being cleared of stagnant water, which is caused by pests and diseases.

The reason is that the bacteria are produced during the winter, and these insects leave eggs, so the mustard root system is underdeveloped, and the growth stops, and the cut surface is yellow-brown.

Shouguang Shengrong greenhouse technician.

In summer, the temperature will rise further, and the pests of vegetables will become more serious, which will create conditions for the occurrence of poisonous pests and viral diseases. At the same time, with the arrival of the high temperature and rainy season, the rainfall will increase, which is the season when the vegetables in the open field grow faster, and it is also the season when the autumn vegetable seedlings are about to begin. Therefore, it is of great significance to do a good job in the prevention of vegetable virus diseases in summer to ensure vegetable production and harvest.

Viral diseases can occur on all kinds of vegetables, especially open-field vegetables, which are common and severe. There are a variety of symptoms, the common symptoms include leaf mosaic, streaks, shrinkage, fruit deformity, plant dwarfing, clumping, etc., which are generally easy to identify in the field. However, if the prevention and treatment is carried out after the symptoms of the disease are present, the effect is generally poor.

To this end, it is necessary to do a good job in the comprehensive prevention and control of vegetable virus diseases.

1. Seed treatment. Seed carriers are important crop virus diseases, such as seed carriers, crops will be affected at the seedling stage, which has a great impact on yield. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to seed treatment before sowing.

Soak seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate solution or 1% potassium permanganate solution for 15-20 minutes before sowing to passivate the activity of pathogens on seeds.

Second, seedling management. Strengthening the management of vegetable seedlings is the key to preventing viral diseases. First, we should pay attention to taking insect control measures to reduce the chance of pest transmission. The second is to take appropriate shading measures, such as the use of shading nets for shading, to avoid high temperature of the seedbed.

3. Chemical control In the initial stage of the occurrence of vegetable virus diseases, spray drugs for the prevention and control of viruses, and choose virus A, virus Bike, etc. Fertilizer and water management should be strengthened and strong plants should be cultivated to improve the stress resistance and disease resistance of plants at the adult plant stage.

<> disease prevention and control (taking powdery mildew as an example): in the early stage of the disease, use 58% Radomir manganese zinc wettable powder (500 times the liquid and % methyl copper wettable powder disturbant (600-700 times the liquid) and other drugs can be sprayed 1-2 times. Pest control (taking mole crickets as an example):

Carry out water and drought rotation, fine stove plum yard cultivation, and apply fully decomposed organic fertilizer; Kilograms of 5% phosphine granules are applied per mu, and then raked into the soil.

It is determined that it is a viral disease, and it can be treated symptomatically Good medicine is rare, and it should be treated as soon as possible. There are biopesticide 30 suspension willow on the Internet to treat all kinds of crop virus diseases, which can be sprayed directly. Both prevention and treatment are perfect for early and mid-term medications.