With the demographic dividend gradually disappearing, what challenges will China s economy encounter

The disappearance of the demographic dividend, will bring a major challenge is to extend the retirement time, some time ago the introduction of relevant laws, the retirement time extended to 65 years old, China's economy will naturally be affected to a certain extent, fresh blood may be insufficient, the subsequent development will be affected.

The cost of manufacturing is rising, and many small businesses will go bankrupt; Many people without academic qualifications, especially middle-aged people, are easily unemployed; China's economy will experience a short-term decline, affecting the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Personally, it is estimated that in the future, China will face unbearable pressure economically because of the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend, such as labor will become very short, labor costs will increase a lot, the aging society will come in advance, and there will be a shortage of pensions.

The disappearance of the demographic dividend will lead to fewer and fewer young laborers in the market, the cost of labor will increase, and the level of production will decline. It poses a great challenge to the rapid improvement of the domestic scientific and technological level and the mechanization of production.

In the event of a decrease in labor force and an economic recession, the economy will decrease without the support of cheap labor, and it is necessary to start from other aspects to increase economic income.

China is undergoing a demographic transition from a demographic dividend to a talent dividend. At the critical moment of China's demographic dividend to demographic liability, it is necessary to realize the strategic transformation from demographic dividend to capital dividend, and vigorously develop pensions.

The demographic dividend is no longer sustainable, and with the advent of aging, China must use less labor to support more elderly people. China's economic transformation and demographic changes have determined that the era of capital dividends will inevitably begin. On the one hand, the capital market can be used as a financing market to provide funds for the development of innovative enterprises. On the other hand, investors can share the dividends of economic development and store resources for the heavy pension burden of Chinese society.

The integration of industrial capital and financial capital is inseparable like cordyceps. The capital market will become a powerful platform to better integrate funds, efficiently link capital with the real economy, and promote all-round economic development, especially the leapfrog development of emerging industries in the transition period. The capital market will become an important way for the middle class to obtain property income, and an efficient capital market will bring long-term and sustainable returns to investors while serving the development of the real economy, so as to achieve a win-win situation.

65 "post-baby boomer generation and aging increasingly serious China, will be from the perspective of individuals and the most important, more consideration of the future pension needs, this part of the funds will continue to become the capital market "living water", so that the capital market has a steady stream of funds, and the capital market to investors returns, will meet everyone's future pension needs.

If China's version of the 401(k) plan can be successfully implemented, it will bring great changes to China's capital market, and the arrival of the era of capital dividends will be accelerated.

China is realizing fromDemographic dividendTo the demographic transformation of the talent dividend, the "talent dividend" brought about by the improvement of cultural quality and health level of the population is injecting strong vitality into the sustainable and healthy development of the economy and society.

In terms of the level of education received by Chinese people, they have a college degree or above.

The proportion of the population is growing rapidly, and the talent resources are gradually emerging. A group of data shows that China is moving towards the era of talent dividend, showing three major changes in China's development. From talent-supported development to talent-led development, we have built a modern talent development governance system, and gradually realized the transformation from a country with a large population to a country with human resources and then to a country with talents.

of historic shifts.

Demographic changes

Entering the stage of "declining birthrate", the dilemma of "growing old before getting rich" will bring heavy pension problems to the society. Improving labor productivity through education.

And expanding the coverage of the pension can effectively alleviate the dilemma, especially to speed up the construction of the pension coverage system, take precautions.

The declining birthrate of the population structure will also force the economic structure.

Transformation. Now the shortage of labor and the wages of labor force are the first to bring cost pressure to enterprises, forcing enterprises to replace manpower with more machine technology, which prompts enterprises to complete production technology.

The upgrading and upgrading of the industrial level.

The so-called "population growth" means that the country's working-age population accounts for a large part of the population, and the stability is relatively low. It creates favorable demographic conditions for economic development. The economy of the country as a whole is high in savings, high in investment, and high in growth. Circumstance.

To calculate population dividends, one way is to use a time series.

The macro demographic economic data, along with multiple regression using mathematical statistical methods, by solving back to the population and regression equations.

Among other factors, the economic solution is the growth of economic growth. Contribute. Another approach is to calculate the number of effective producers and effective consumers, and then use the proportions of these two categories as the rate of increase.

In fact, the changes in population dividends to economic development include not only an increase in the labor force**, but also the expansion of savings and human capital.

Investments and returns are elevated. Because the population has a maximum payment at the age of 40, the more people can live to this age, the more savings will bring. More savings means more capital. The capital of each worker increases the productivity of labor.

At the same time, the extension of expected life has fundamentally changed the concept of human capital investment, leading to more opportunities to use technological inventions, thereby improving the return on investment in human capital. In addition, healthier people are also more productive, and the role of health is not limited to improving physical strength, but more in the development and use of intellectual thinking. It can be seen that the calculation of the population bonus needs to take into account employment, income and other variables of economic growth, and not just rely on the number of the population.

The disappearance of population dividends means that there are fewer young people, more old people, people supported by the population, some labor-intensive companies have not survived, and there are very few people in the country, really profitable enterprises, most of them are failures, state-owned enterprises do not say, private enterprises are also difficult to survive, transformation is imperative, real estate can not be in the country, the left hand falls off the right hand investment game pit many people, industry, science and technology, not necessarily fake, China has never lacked talent, but the lack of soil is growing.

In the future, economic development will be slower, after all, after no dividends, everyone's desire to work will be reduced.

A country does not rely on how the population develops to drive the economy.

After the disappearance of the demographic dividend, the young labor force will gradually decline, and the aging of the population will intensify. The economic growth rate will decrease, and more seriously, it will slowly decline, so the current three-child policy is a countermeasure to the decline in the birth rate.

Population is a social entity with complex content and a comprehensive variety of social relations, with gender and age and natural composition, multiple social compositions and social relations, economic composition and economic relations. It is a synthesis of a certain number of individuals, with an emphasis on scale.

The birth, death, and marriage of a population are in the midst of family, economic, political, and social relations, and all social activities, social relations, social phenomena, and social problems are related to the process of population development.

<> demographic dividend refers to the economic growth brought about by population growth, which is an important driving force for social development. However, as the aging population intensifies, the demographic dividend is also disappearing, which will have a significant impact on social development. So, after the demographic dividend disappears, what will happen to the social changes?

First, economic growth will slow down.

After the demographic dividend disappears, economic growth will slow down. Due to an ageing population, a reduction in the labor force will lead to a decline in productivity, which will lead to slower economic growth. In addition, as older people spend less, consumer demand will also decrease, further dampening economic growth.

Second, the burden on society will increase.

After the demographic dividend disappears, the social burden will increase. Due to the lower incomes of the elderly, they need to provide more social security, which will increase the financial burden. In addition, due to the lower spending of the elderly, there is also a need for more public services to meet the needs of the elderly, which will also increase the financial burden of the elderly.

Third, the social structure will change.

After the demographic dividend disappears, the social structure will change. As the proportion of older persons increases, the proportion of older people in society will increase, while the proportion of young and middle-aged people will decrease. In addition, the gap between the rich and the poor in society will also widen due to the lower incomes of the elderly.

Fourth, there will be changes in society and culture.

After the demographic dividend disappears, the social culture will also change. As the proportion of older persons increases, the culture of society will become more elderly, and the culture of young adults will be affected. In addition, due to the lower incomes of the elderly, the consumption culture of society will also change, and more consumption will shift to low-value consumer goods.

Fifth, social governance will change.

After the demographic dividend disappears, social governance will also change. As the proportion of older persons increases, there will be more policy challenges to meet the needs of older persons. In addition, due to the lower incomes of the elderly, there will be more social security challenges to ensure the basic livelihood of the elderly.

To sum up, after the disappearance of the demographic dividend, social change will be a complex process, which will have a significant impact on economic growth, social burden, social structure, social culture and social governance. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to cope with the challenges brought about by the disappearance of the demographic dividend and ensure the harmonious development of society.

<>1. The global population reaches 8 billion today, which is a dividend.

On November 15, 2022, the world ushered in a new population mileage attributed to the population of 8 billion is a dividend, this figure not only reflects the diversification of population growth, but also means that the overall trend of changes in the world's population is stable and good, and the change in population is the result of inertia effect and cyclical effect, and there will be no violent fluctuations and ups and downs, so in the long run, the future world population size will continue to grow moderately at a slow trend within a controllable range. It will not have a great impact and impact on environmental resources.

2. Several reasons for the increase in the world's population.

As we all know, with the development of the times, mankind has entered a stage of rapid development, and after entering the 21st century, it has also entered a period of rapid development. During this period, human development advanced by leaps and bounds, and at the same time, it also led to an increase in the population of various countries, which in turn led to the economic development of various countries. However, at the same time, there are also demographic problems, such as the intensification of population aging, climate change, land desertification and other problems that seriously threaten the living environment of human beings.

In order to solve the world's population problem, countries** have also adopted a series of measures to encourage the population to have children. However, during this period, the world's population growth was still very slow, and the population growth rate remained at the left.

3. The world's population will face challenges that require a response from scientists and scientists.

** There is a need to formulate sound population and social policies that pose a great threat to the population problem. At the same time, it is necessary to increase investment to ensure the effective implementation of the population policy. Scientists need to build a good population study and model, and provide data to support national population policymaking.

The demand for resources will increase, and the use of non-renewable resources will need to be properly controlled. The problem of global warming is likely to intensify, and solutions must be found in advance.

First of all, the first point is that the population is overpopulated, which causes a lot of damage to resources, because the more the population, the more places you need to live and work, which greatly destroys the natural resources, and the more the population will also have too much demand for resources such as water and electricity, which can easily lead to war or shortage of resources due to the average number of resources.

People may face greater pressure to find employment, and they may face increasing scarcity of resources.

According to the United Nations' World Population Prospects 2022 report, the global population is expected to reach 8 billion by November 15. The global population is expected to grow to around 8.5 billion by 2030.

The rising cost of manufacturing, the rising cost of products, and the decline of comprehensive competitiveness have further dragged down economic growth.