Characteristic linkages between the various stages of research development in instructional design

What are the stages of curriculum and teaching research development? What are the representative curriculum and teaching ideas at each stage? What are the characteristics of each stage?

The first stage is "knowledge transfer", which is achieved through the process of "teachers speak, students listen"; The second stage is "absorption and internalization", which is completed after class through the process of "students complete their homework independently". Due to the lack of support from teachers and the help of peers, the "absorption internalization" phase often leads students to feel frustrated, lose motivation and sense of accomplishment in learning. After the classroom is "flipped", the "knowledge transfer" is carried out by the students before class, and the teacher Bu Senmin only provides **, but also provides ** tutoring from this auspicious branch; "Assimilation and internalization" is done in the classroom through "homework + tutoring", where teachers are able to understand students' learning difficulties in advance and give personalized guidance in the classroom.

Answer]: Characteristics of the course:

First, the curriculum system is organized according to the logic of scientific suspicion.

2. The curriculum is the embodiment of social choice and social will.

3. The curriculum is established, a priori, and static.

Fourth, the curriculum is external to the learner and is above the learner.

Characteristics of pedagogical research:

1. Objectivity: Any educational phenomenon exists objectively, and researchers must observe and reflect the facts accurately and truthfully in strict accordance with the objective reality. This requires researchers to collect, select, analyse and interpret data without subjective bias as much as possible.

2. Scientificity: Scientificity is reflected in the process of educational research and the acquisition of research conclusions should be logical and empirical. From the objective description of the facts, to the collation and analysis of the data, to the acquisition of the final conclusion, it is necessary to go through rigorous logical reasoning.

In particular, in the process of obtaining conclusions, it is necessary to draw scientific conclusions on the basis of full evidence and strong argumentation.

3. Systematic: Systematization refers to the whole of the thought and action of education and research. The systematic nature of educational research requires a comprehensive, holistic and interconnected approach to the phenomenon of education.

Grasp the structure, function, mechanism, operation mode and development law of the education system or the system as a whole.

4. Comprehensiveness: Comprehensiveness means that educational research is a comprehensive process that combines theory and practice. Educational research must be based on existing theories and test theories or develop theories through the factual material obtained.

Theory is an abstraction and generalization of experience, which is derived from and higher than experience. Although the formation of the new theory is logically complete, its correctness needs to be tested in future practice.

5. Verifiability: In general, research must be carried out in strict accordance with the steps and procedures of the research methodology. Any research conclusion that cannot be replicated is invalid and cannot be a treasure trove in the treasury of science.

Answer]: C. Key Points of Examination] This question mainly examines the characteristics of instructional design.

One of the characteristics of the teaching design is that it cares about both "teaching" and "learning". Classroom teaching is a process of joint activities between teachers and students, in which there is both the "teaching" of teachers and the "learning" of students. Teaching is for learning, learning is the basis and starting point of teaching, and teachers' teaching must be actively learned by students in order to play an effective role.

Answer]: a, b, c, d

The basic characteristics of teaching design are: instructive, systematic, operational, and rehearsive.

Answer]: Characteristics of instructional design 1The problem situation reflects the cultural heritage, and reflects the great role of various disciplines in practice by linking them with real-life application examples. Through the display of in-depth historical and cultural backgrounds, it reflects the concern and love of each discipline for nature, history and culture, and human beings themselves; Through the telling of the stories or histories of each discipline, students can cultivate their interest in the study of various disciplines; Through the introduction of great figures in scientific research, especially in the research work of various disciplines, students are helped to develop strong personalities.

2.Teaching design embodies the modern education and teaching concept Teaching concept is universal, the most basic, and can be used as the basic law and basic viewpoint of other educational laws In the case of reflecting the teaching concept of various disciplines, the instructor grasps the "bright spot" that can explain the problem, analyzes it, and carries out teaching design 3In the design of the teaching process, teachers should give students sufficient opportunities to choose and space for independent development, so that students can give full play to the spirit of autonomy through active and creative learning activities, change the traditional teaching process of "——— learning, ——— practice" model, and strengthen the "learning——— lecture and ——— practice" method of learning through problem solving, so that students can "learn to learn" In fact, students' autonomy is reflected through communication activities in the classroom, but the use of experiments, attempts, speculation, discussions, etc. 4

Constructivist view of knowledge is based on a gradual process Constructivist view of knowledge holds that knowledge is nothing more than an explanation, hypothesis or hypothesis of the objective world, it is not the ultimate answer to the problem, and it will inevitably change, sublimate and rewrite as people's understanding deepens, and new explanations and assumptions will emerge Knowledge cannot accurately summarize the laws of the world and provide methods that are applicable to any activity or problem solving 5Under the new concept, in addition to using new technologies to reflect the real, beautiful and dynamic nature of computer courseware production, special emphasis is placed on its interactivity, and the data used can be modified to make the classroom a laboratory; Students can design and operate on the computer, leaving room for further experimentation, exploration and research after class.

Answer]: a, b, c

Analysis] The characteristics of instructional design include: guidance, integration, operation, rehearsal, prominence, controllability, and creativity of rotation.

Answer]: a, b, c, d, e

The characteristics of instructional design, such as blind staring with the main scum, should be: guidance, integration, operation, rehearsal, prominence, controllability, and creativity.