2 questions about the project cost, can you understand the project cost problem?

The first problem, mainly to see the requirements of the bidding documents, and then also need to have a certain applicable operation ability, can not see the wrong drawings, set the wrong quota, the calculation of the quantity of engineering needs to be very accurate, the timely update and grasp of various cost supporting documents is also very important, the use of software must also be mastered, so as to control the cost.

The second question, the control of the project claim is a part of the control of the project cost, when the project is carried out to the settlement stage, the early claim has already come out, the claim includes: the construction period claim, the cost claim, etc., refers to the unforeseen factors that occur in the construction stage, and it is necessary to carry out a multi-party signature review before it can be calculated, which is an important part of the entire project cost control, and it is indispensable. The control of the entire project cost is not only the claim aspect, but also the control of the whole process from the preliminary design of the project to the final account.

The scope of the two is different, and the methods of control are also different.

What model are you using, is it a scale model, or is it a pure practice model? If it is the engineering scale mode, the first decoration project exterior wall is pasted with fiberglass mesh, which is the same as the amount of external wall insulation wall (the focus is on adding a layer to the first layer) There is no need to set it up, and the practice can be taken into account when applying the quota in the input list. It is necessary to learn how to use the overall planning method flexibly.

Second, if the ground is tiled, the expression of the quantity of the project is the ground inlay area, some of which you can customize, and it is recommended that the budget of the decoration project can be done by Glodon, but if you report the completion of the settlement, you still use the ** column to calculate, accurate, generally I use the ** column to calculate the decorative part when I do the settlement, don't be afraid of trouble, there is this necessary.

First, the meaning of the project cost, the project cost includes two meanings: broad and narrow sense. (1) The first meaning of project cost is defined from the perspective of investors. The project cost from this perspective refers to the investment cost of all fixed assets calculated through the overall evaluation of the expected expenditure or actual expenditure of the entire project in the construction of a construction process.

In other words, it is the sum of one-time expenses required for a project to form corresponding assets (including intangible assets and fixed assets) through construction. From the investor's point of view, the project cost refers to the project. That is, the total amount of fixed assets and intangible assets that are expected or actually carried out in the construction process to form fixed assets and intangible assets in order to complete a project (including the trading activities in the technical labor market, the contract trading market, the land market, etc.).

2) The second meaning of the project cost is to interpret and understand it from a narrow perspective, and the project cost from this perspective is interpreted as the sum of all the best projects contracted. Specifically, it refers to a specific engineering construction project in the construction market, through bidding in the construction market, and the demand and supply subjects participating in the bidding are jointly agreed upon.

This problem is to find the quantity of trench earthwork.

Yes (the bottom length + working face x2) x thickness x160, is the amount of earthwork of the foundation cushion;

is the cross-sectional area of the trench after grading, is the grading coefficient, is the width of the grading increase, (is the height of the trench. 160 is the base length.

v=(a+2c+kh)*hl

where a is the width of the foundation cushion, and c is reserved for the working surface.

k grading factor.

h Excavation depth.

l The length of the groove bottom (the length of the trench on the exterior wall is calculated according to the center line of the trench shown in the construction drawing, and the length of the trench on the inner wall is calculated according to the net length of the trench of the size shown in the construction drawing).

So the numbers in the diagram are:

2+ (width of the cushion).

2* (The working surface released at both ends is 2*.)

is the grading coefficient, which is the embedding depth of the concrete cushion, see the coordinates on the figure) excavation depth.

160 trough bottom length.

(2) From the first month, the owner shall deduct the retention money at a rate of 10% from the construction unit's due project payment, and the retention limit is tentatively set at 5% of the contract price, and the retention money shall be fully deducted by the end of the third month.

I agree with you that the retention limit is tentatively set at 5% of the contract price, with a deduction of 10% for the first two months and the remaining deduction for the third month.

Is the questioner going to take the cost engineer exam, this question should be a score question, be serious, and you can't lose points. Good luck with your exams!

At the student stage, the professional courses offered by the school should be solid.

1 is the basic knowledge class, which directly affects the ability to read drawings, which is the basis of calculation: building architecture, civil engineering, structural mechanics, materials science, reinforced concrete structures, flat atlas;

2 is the project construction management class, understand the construction process, process, schedule of the Gantt chart, network diagram, these good boys can do on-site management work across the line;

3 is the first aspect, the school will open the design price control in the later stage to understand the whole process of dynamic cost management, engineering budget courses, as well as the study of the pricing list and the quota, you can understand the difference between the national and provincial quotas, no matter in the future, there are ways to find the difference;

4. It is an extension of project management, such as laws and regulations on bidding, different types of contracts, insurance and letters of guarantee for projects, which will open courses, and you can understand the relevant policies and laws and regulations in real time;

Then there is the use of tools, counting, countermeasures, pricing software, which need to be proficient, **, the use of documents can also be a plus. It is best to change to different types of companies to intern during the holidays, such as cost consulting companies, construction units, and real estate development companies, so that you will have a clear direction and plan after graduation.

If you understand the following information, you will know that there is no loss.

Tax refers to the business tax, urban maintenance and construction tax and education surcharge that should be included in the cost of construction and installation projects stipulated by the national tax law.

1) Business tax is determined by multiplying the turnover by the business tax rate. Among them, the business tax rate of construction and installation enterprises is 3%.

The calculation formula is: business tax payable = 3% of turnover

2) The urban maintenance and construction tax is determined by multiplying the payable business tax by the applicable tax rate, and the calculation formula is: taxable = business tax payable The applicable tax rate.

3) The education surcharge is determined by multiplying the amount of business tax payable by 3%.

The calculation formula is: tax payable = 3% of business tax payable

The additions are as follows:

1. When calculating business tax, the turnover is tax-included.

You see: the determination of the comprehensive tax rate is as follows: the above three tax rates are summarized separately to obtain the comprehensive tax rate.

The tax rate for taxpayers in urban areas: 3% + 3% 7% + 3% 3% =;

The tax rate for taxpayers located in counties and towns: 3%+3% 5%+3% 3% =;

The tax rate for taxpayers whose location is not in the city, county or town: 3% + 3% 1% + 3% 3% =.

2) Tax payable.

The above tax rate is based on the total income of construction and installation projects, so the tax payable can be expressed as follows:

Tax payable = tax rate of project cost including tax.

where the project cost including tax = the project cost excluding tax + the tax payable.

So, after calculation, the following conclusions were obtained:

If the taxpayer is located in the urban area, the tax payable = the project cost excluding tax;

If the taxpayer is located in the county seat or town, the tax payable = the project cost excluding tax;

If the taxpayer's location is not in the urban area, county seat or town, the tax payable = the project cost excluding tax.

According to the urban area, the tax rate we take to calculate the project cost is, and the tax rate is to pay the tax, and there is a difference between the two.

By region, the urban tax is costly.